' T a b l e 41. The Mining o f certain Minerals in Sweden.
Ores and o th e r
m inerals. 1886— 80
to n s
A n nually
1891—96
to n s
Annually
1896—1900
to n s
Annually
1901—05
to n s
An nually
1906—10«
to n s
T e a r 1912
tons
Iron o r e ...................................... 932 470 1519 325 2 294 760 3 564 046 4 626 913 6 700 565
Copper o r e ........................ 20266 23 941 23 590 33 306 15237 3 059
Silver and lead ore . / . 14754 16 552 8 644 9 424 2 081 2 877
Zinc o r e ............................53 402 48 315, 57 701 54 971 47 345 50036
! Manganese ore1 ................| 8 977 6 090 2 487 2 330 4 519 5101
Nickel ore............................! 495 • 97 — »¡Kl.. a « ,— > B t—
Cobalt ore............................1 190 79 ■ H — —
Gold ore2 ............................ 1-129 1809 1511 — ■ife-
Iron p y r ite s * .................... 1 319 853 448 14 837 24 012 31 835 !
Stone coal. ........................ 176 516 203 390 235 626 308 000 291 424 360291
Refractory clay .................. | 98 063 129 295 130 912 159 348 117339 135 773
Clinker clay4 . . . . . ' . 1 ''-''"¿¡spil 24765 35 541 57 339 ' 58 622 58 846
Felspar6 . . . . . . — 16 813 17 619 19 223 34 305
Total tons 11307 581 1974511 2 808 033 4 221220 5206715 7 382 688
1 Manganiferous iron ore is included in iron ore. — 2 The figure 1 511 tons is the average
for the years 1896—98. — Auriferous copper ore is included in copper ore. 3 The figure
14 837 tons is the average for the years 1903—05. During the years 1901—02 no iron
pyrites was mined 4 Data are lacking for earlier years. The figure 24 765 tons is the
average for the years 1894—95. — 5 Data are lacking for earlier periods. ® The General
.Strike in 1909 depressed mining considerably.
for the manufacture of ferro-silicon, combined with the extraction fof
potash out of silicates has recently been invented and tested in Sweden.
Tor the production of zinc there is a Swedish electric method in use at
Trollhattan. Tinally the manufacture of cannons out of unhammered
:steel at Bofors is a proof as good as any of the excellence of the Swedish
steel material and-the skill of the Swedish metallurgists.
Mining in the stricter sense of the word (thus excluding the stone industry,
limestone quarrying, etc.) has yielded in Sweden since 1886 the
following quantities of useful products.
' T a b l e 42. Import and Export of TJnwrought Minerals and Metals.
Annually
Im p o rt. Value in th o u san d s of
Kronor
E x p o rt. Value in th o u san d s of
Kronor
I n p e rc en tag e o f
th e to ta l
Goal
and
coke
Other
m in era
ls
Metals T o ta l
Iro n
ore
Other
m in e ra
ls
Metals T o ta l Im p o r t E x p o r t
1871—75 . . 13452 5304 9 542 28298 251 826 46 409 47 486 11-48 23-22
1876—80 . . 12 719 5 635 9 306 27 660 196 1217 34 513 35 926 10-31 17-12
1881—85 . . 15 847 8 048 8 614 32 509 284 1463 40 645 42392 10-24 17-40
1886—90 . . 22 560 9038 9 300 40898 970 3 226 34 523 38 719 12-19 14-20
1891—95 . . 29 770 10 855 9 003 49 628 4 241 4 890 30 995 40126 14-11 12-61
1896—00 . . 53 494 15 758 17 931 87183 10 962 7 582 40 459 59003 19-27 16-46
1901—0 5 1 . 58 721 21820 22 530 103 071 20469 10 470 41194 72133 19-32 17-67
1906—10 . . 65 540 25 032 33 842 124414 33 237 13 074 51680 97 991 19-29 19-91
1911 . . . . 61654 27 749 36 792 126195 51413 17 632 58996 128041 1811 19-29
1912 . . . . 78186) 55 683 38658 172527 59 719 21320 47 903 128942 21-98 16-96
1 Prior to 1905 the price of coal appears to have been estimated too high.
The above table shows very clearly the great advance that has been
made by iron ore mining in Sweden. The coal mines in Skane also exhibit
a considerable increase. The mining of felspar and of iron pyrites
has likewise augmented: the development in the latter case is due to
improved furnaces, which permit of poor iron pyrites being utilised to
advantage. Gold and silver ores, on the other hand, show diminishing
figures throughout. The value of the raw products which figure in the
above table amounted for the year 1912 to 57 356 770 kronor.
Metal manufacture and the further working of metals in metallurgical
works showed for the year 1911 a value of production of approximately
134 mill, kronor: out of this total about 120-5 mill, kronor fell to iron
alone.
The import and export of the products of the mining and metallurgical
industry is figured according to value in Table 42.
The import figures in the table deserve to be particularly noticed. It
will be seen that, in spite of the utilization of water power on a large
scale during the last few decades and the consequent diminished demand
for coal for the generation of power, the import of coal has nevertheless
greatly increased. The same has been the case with the other crude minerals
and unwrought metals. All these facts taken together attest the
increased demand for raw products entailed by the growth of industrial
enterprise: but they also suggest the query whether much of what has been
imported could not have been produced within the country itself. The
coke iron works which are being erected at Oxelosund for the manufacture
of 50 000 tons anually of foundry pig iron signifies a step in the
right direction. The export figures in the table show what an important
part is now played by the export of iron ore. Thanks to the total sum
of close on 51 7 2 million kronor which came into Sweden in return for
iron ore during the year 1911, the articles which figure in the table
show for that year a balance of 1-8 million kronor in favour of export.
The sub-joined accounts of the different sections of the Swedish mining
industry are arranged in order as follows:
1. Mining.
2. Iron and steel industry.
3. Production of other metals.
4. Measures for the promotion of mining.
Gripenhielm’s Ducat.
Commemorative medal straek oat of the first gold obtained in Sweden, in 1695.