T able 36. Sweden’s Exports o f unwrought, hewn, and sawn Timber, according
to hind. Cubic meters.
Kinds of goods Annually
1886-90
Annually
1891—96
Annually
1896—00
Annually
1901—06
Annually
1906—10
Tear
1911
Tear
1912
Timber and masts.1 . 155 543 118445 75 380 71779 45 254 14316 24772
Spars and small timber
........................ 32 586 52 553 69306 133 484 180 690 179 091 158 454
Beams or balks2 . . 103 279 75774 67 953 60 032 45 747 48 049 41 540
R a f t e r s .................... 178 099 224 464 258146 310 514 346 951 310100 328 654
P itp ro p s .................... 513 749 744 891 871 391 965 634 622 892 524217 440192
S le ep e rs.................... 11490 10 820 48056 42 916 61547 43 760 81094
S tav es........................ 44 400 46 822 47 246 65 606 88 395 111 913 128 751
Fuel-wood................ 93 484 95144 72 559 70 619 49 053 30 287 31006
Deals, battens and
boards3, un-
planed . . 3 561 999 3 894 857 4 371394 3 940 514 3 605 628 3 530 437 4 024 326
Planed boards3 . . . 193 210 273 993 467 290 580 193 571 287 687 599 656 212
Deal- and boardends. 283 362 352 558 372 010 384 884 328 795 314 935 303 241
Other kinds . . . . 33 070 63145 101407 126 579 105 752 255 208 78526
Total 5 204 271 5 953 466 6822 138 6 752 754 6051991 6049912 6296 768
1 Measuring 25 centimeters or more in diameter at the small end. — a Measuring
20 centimeters or more at the middle. 8 Including box-boards.
English classification corresponded to secnnds in the French. B 5 Timber
from Dalarne and Southern Norrland (“Nederbotten”) generally yields
more first-class wood than that from Overbotten, “the Upper Gulf’ Vor
the districts north of Umea.
The time during which the timber must lie and season is of varying
length, depending partly upon the time of the year, partly on the kind
of wood (white wood seasoning quicker than red wood), and partly upon
the country for which the sawn wood is intended; the wood to be shipped
to the tropics needs to season longer than other wood, as does the wood
intended for planing.
Before the wood is ready for shipping, it must also be given the desired
length. It is true that, immediately after the felling of the trees, the
logs have been cut into certain given lengths, but during the process of
floating or in transportation, they have got damaged or worn at the ends;
and therefore the logs are cut about 1 2 inches longer (wearing allowance)
than the length stipulated for delivery. Besides, in case any blemishes, e. g.
dry rot or wane, happen to occur near the end of a board, it is more advantageous
to cut it off, so as to get a somewhat shorter board of perfect
quality and also a board (or board end) of inferior quality. For this
reason the sawn goods are marked with a line showing where they are to
be cut off. After having thus been adjusted, they are cut off by means
of a cross-cutting saw. This cross-cutting may be done by hand and is
not infrequently done in that way, but at the large saw-mills electric
cross-cutting machines are used and electric feed-rollers, on which the
boards are run automatically from the stacks to the crosscutting saws.
Several saw-mills are combined with planing-mills. In Sweden there
are comparatively few planing-mills worked independently.
For the better utilization of the waste, many saw-mills have established
charcoal works and wood-pulp works. For the latter see under Wood-
Pulp Manufacture.
As will be seen by Tables 36 and 37, the principal articles of export
among wood-wares are sawn products: deals, battens, and boards. Great
Britain is the most important purchaser of these goods, and next comes,
in ordinary years, France; among other importing countries may be mentioned
Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, and South Africa.
For planed boards, besides Great Britain, Denmark, the Netherlands,
South Africa, and Australia are the most important markets. In several
of the countries of the European continent the import of planed boards is
hampered by high duties. — Firewood or splitwood (more properly termed
deal- and board-ends, not more than 2 meters in length) consists of such
serviceable pieces as are left after the sorting. The quantity, of course, de-
T a b le 37. Exports in 1912 of unwrought, hewn, and sawn Timber, according
to Customs districts. Cubic meters.
Deals, battens
and
boards
Planed
boards (in- Beams Round Pit Other Total
(includ. box- clud. box- and raf- timber props kinds cubicboards),
unplaned
boards) ■ ters . meters
Norrland:
Haparanda................ LnleS, . . . . . . . 1} 3o50 932 56 45 946 12 1 659 38 614 437 219
P ite& .................... . 1
SkellefteS. . . . . .
UmeS. ........................
Ornskoldsvik . . . .
} 376 851 69 918 60 583 619 .22 759 82 464 613194
128123 19 311 2 755 841 13075 23 645 187 750
Harnosand................ 608 328 20168 29 549 16 877 51544 113 905 840 371
S n n d sv a ll................ 618187 164 645 31474 1178 19 959 85 218 920661
Hndiksvall................
Sfiderhamn................
Gavle .................... ...
| 475430 80 873 42 841 271 54 983 56 986 711384
431 267 50 266 . f e * 7 11163 39 010 531713
E ast Coast:
Stockholm................ 90 961 657 823 — 2 761 5 240 100442
Norrkoping . . . . . 108 109 13 095 9 5 1215 3 691 126124
Vastervik . . . . . 51220 3 351 146 Wra" 18 572 2 093 75382
Oskarshamn . . . . 59 932 678 5 900 100 27 078 6114 99802
K a lm a r .................... 45 935 853 13 325 2 34 370 4 824 99309
Other districts1. . . 81378 734 2 265 20 826 25 541 130 744
West Coast:
Gothenburg................ 291253 118 738 695 15032 85 285 80664 591667
Other districts1 . . . 306 420 112 869 133 883 148 282 74 943 54 609 831006
Summary:
Norrland.................... 2 989118 405 237 213148 19 805 175142 439 842 4 242 292
East Coast . . . . 437 535 19 368 22 468 107 104 822 47 503 631803
West Coast1 . . . . 597 673 231 607 134 578 163 314 160 228 135 273 1422673
Total 4024326 656212 370194 183 226 440 192 622 618 6 296 768
1 Including the quantity exported by land to Norway.