c h in a . {CgpeTaccæ.
membranacea nuda subulatis asperis, nuce (livide fusca) globoso-ovata obtuse subtrigona
leviter undulato-rugosa pubescenti-hirtula mucronata, mucrone concolore, hypogynio°trip
artito lobis lanceolatis nuce dimidio brevioribus. °
H a b . Circa urbem Macao ; MiUat-, G. H. Faciell, a. 06. {ei parlo.)
This species obviousiy approaches extremely cióse lo S. ciliari,, but is uot only very différent in habit,
but m the structure of the hgpogymum, colour of the fruit, shape of the lobe that is opposite to tho leaf, and
in the want of the ciliai on the bracteoe and bracteoloe. Wo have only seen one specimen sent by Mr.
Millett, and another, bnt imperfect one, in Prof. Henslow's collection. The spikelets are in pairs, one male
the other female.]
3. S. margaritifera, Willd.— N . ab E . I. c. p . 118. (cum char, et syn.)
T r i b . V I I . C a r i c e æ . N . ah E . I. c.
15. CAREX. Linn. N . ab E . I. c.
1. C. valida. N . ah E . I. c. p . 123. (cum. char.)— C. ramosa. N . ab E . in Herb. Lindl.
H a b . Ad Macao et in insulis vicinis ; Milieu, VacheU, n, 66. (ex parte.)
Perigpnium immalnmm lanceolatum, acuminatum, ore acute bilobo, pubescens, maturnm ovato-trigonum
nervosum, parum pubescens vel ginbrnm, rostro brevi spatio bifido, ore primom membranaceo obliquo.’
Septamm acutiusculæ vol acutæ, neo mucronatæ. Spicalas paniculatoe potius sive thyrsoideoe, quam corymbosa;.
Folia lata, lævia, margino scabra, supra trinervia. Culmus inferno crassitie pennæ scriptoriæ.
[Tbe above observations seem to have been made by onr friend to show that this species was distinct from
C. ramosa, Schk. In that species, however, WiUdenow, on Schkuhr’s authority, asserts that there are oniy
two stigmas, notwithstanding that the fruit is triquetrous ; it comes from tho Mauritius. Sprengel combines
with it a different plant, C. cruciata, Wahl, and Willd., and draws up a character, probably without
seeing either, which partakes of both; C. cruciata, however, is from Canton, nor is there anything in
Wahlenbetg's deseription to induce us to suppose it distinct from the above C. valida, N. ab E„ except
where Wahlenberg says that the fruit has a short beak, while in our plant il is rather long; we consider
them tho same; the C. cruciata, N. ab E. 1. c, p, 123. from Nepal and the Peninsula of India, is quite distinct,
and is C. Hookerìana, Herb. Am.]
2. C. Uetzii. N . ab E . I, c, p . 128. (cum syn.)
[This we have not seen, nor does our friend Nees von Esenbeck appear lo have met with any plant agreeing
precisely with ReU’s and Wahlenberg’s description ; we have, however, a solitary specimen before us
from Canton, which wc suspect must be the same, an account of which we subjoin, as it differs in one or two
points from the character usually given.
Summitas sola adesl, glabra, triquetra, pedem longa. Bracteoe anguste lincari-acuminatæ. apice trìque-
troe, margine soaherrimæ, inferiores spicas proprias arquantes, superiores spicis breviores. Vagiuoelam, in-
fiato-tubulosæ, membranaceæ, lobulo oppositifolio brevi-rotundato. Spicoe baud approximate nec tamen
distantes, in nostra 6, esscrloe at baud longo pedunculatoe, pedunculis inferioribus vagina duplo longioribus 1J
nnciam longis, erectæ, cylindricæ, laxiusculæ, floribus in nostra mullís caducis, inferiorcs quatuor fcmineæ,
quinta feto omnino femínea flosculo unico vol gemino másenlo versas spicæ basin, sexta sou summa mascuk
attamon florscalis paucis ad spicæ medium instructa, hinc forsan hermaphrodita. Squamoe patentes snbu-
latæ fructu panila longiores, stramincæ nervo carinali viridi. Stigmata tria. Fructus ventricoso-trigo.ii
basi attenuati apice rostrati, valde nervoso-striati, setulis brevissimis hispidnli, patentes, rostro rectiusculo
vel subrecurvo. RachiUa ad florum insertiones excavata.
Graminece/] CHINA. 231
Retz and Wahlenberg attribute to this a single purely male spike, remote female ones, and mention that
the whole plant is a span long : our species is obviously considerably larger, the female spikes are not remarkably
remote, and the mixture of female flowers on the terminal spikes may be the effect of accident.
On the other hand, the description of the fruit, of the scales, of the sheaths to the bracteæ, of the bracteæ
themselves, and especially their being about equal in length to the spikes, the number of stigmas, and the
smoothness of the culm, arc the same in both. We scarcely entertain a doubt respecting their identity.]
O r d . X C . G R A M IN E Æ .’" Juss.
T r i b . I. P a n i c e æ . N . ab E.
1. PASPALUS. Linn.
a. Gekuini. N .a b E .
1. P. scroUculatus; spicis paucis alternis rhachi contiguis, rhachilla plana repanda spiculas
singulas (biseriales) æquante g labra margine scabra, spiculis suborbiculatis glabris, gluma
3-7 nervi, valvula neutra utrinque plicato-scrobulata, foliis linearibus acuminatis vaginisque
glabris vel lamina basi pilosa.— P. scrobiculatus. L in n . Mant. I. p . 29. Flugg. Mon. p . 86.
Kunth. En , \ .p .4 Z .—P . Coromandelianus. L am .— P. Kora. WiUd.—liheed. Hort. Mai. 12.
t. 44.
[This varies with the glume 5-7-nerved and the spikes either in pairs or several, or 3-nerved, and then the
spikes are usually in pairs: in the Chinese specimens ( FacAeW, “ Z.”) referred here by us, the glumes are
3-ncrved; there are several (3-5) spikes, and the spikes are more spreading than usual ; the plaits on the
glumes, which are rather small for this species, are not very conspicuous. It is the only species, we believe,
from the East, with orbicular spikelets placed in two rows on the rachis.]
b. P a nicoidei. N . ab. E.
2. P. Chinensis; racemis 4-5 alternatim approximatis fastigiatis, spiculis geminis ternisve
ovali-lanceolatis imbricatis, rliachi plana spiculis paullo latiori, gluma valviilaque neutra
» The terms used by Professor Nees v. Esenbeck being not quite the same as those employed by Trinius, the following
extract from his Memoir on the Gramincoe, in Wight and Arnott’s Prodromus FL Penins. Ind. Or. vol. 2, (ined. )
may be acceptable:—
“ 1. As to the dütrUmtion of the spikelets. The words homogamous (viz. spikelets) and heterogamous signify (he dis-
tribution of the sexes in different spikelets on the same individual. They are called homogamous if there be no difference
in this respect between any of the spikelets of the same individual, as in Bromus.-—heterogamous, if the arrangemeni.
of the sexes be different in different spikelets from the same root, as in Andropogon. Dioecious signifies that there are some
spikelets conformably male (whether provided with an accessory neuter floret or not) on one individual, and conformably
female on another, as in Gynerium.- and monoedous, that male and female spikelets (whether or not they be accompanied
by a neuter floret) are distributed apart from each other, but on the same individual, as in Zea.
“ As to composition. The terms hemiohgainous, hemigamous, and polygamous, serve to indicate the distribution of the
sexes among tho different florets of the same spikelet. A spikelet is called pohjgamous, if one of the two florete which it
contains be unisexual, and the other bisexual, as in Spodiopogon, and several Panica. A hemiohgamous spikelet i.«
that in which one of the two florets is neuter, and the other bisexual, as in several species of Panicum. Hemiga-mous
signifies that a spikelet is composed of one neuter floret and another unisexual, whether male or female, as in Ischoe-
mum. Spikelets are also called Mmoecrotis i» composition, where one of the two florets is male and the other female.”—
N. von E.