I. -î
6 AGAliICINI.
Genus 1. AGARICUS, Linn. Syst. Nat. (1735.)
Agar'icus, àyapmàv) the ancient name, of unknown derivation;
Spores of various colours; gills membranaceous, persistent,
with an acute edge ; trama floccose, confluent with the inferior
liymenium. Fleshy fungi, putrifying, and not reviving when once
dried, hence differing from such genera as are deliquescent, coriaceous,
or woody.
This genus is divided into five series, aooording to the colour of the
spores—1, Leuoospori ; 2, Hyporhodii ; 3, Derminij 4, Pratelli ; 5, Copri-
narii.
Series 1. Leucospori. Spores white.
ieîicos'poï'î—white-spored, from XeuKos + o-irdpos.
Suh-Gen. 1. AMANITA. Pers. Syn., p. 246.
Amani'ta ; ’apavhaL were certain fungi found on Mount Ama’nus,
in Cilicia.
Veil universal, at first completely enveloping the young plant,
distinct and free from the cuticle of the pileus ; pileus convex, then
expanded, not decidedly fleshy ; stem distinct from the hymenophore,
ringed or ringless, furnished with a volva, free and lax,
connate with the base, or friable and nearly obsolete ; gills free
from the stem.
H a b . On the ground, mostly in woods and uncultivated places,
A. Ring manifest, superior.
a. Volva splitting at the apex, border free, p>ersistent.
1, Ag a z icu s (Amanita) v iro su s. Eiies. Eym. Eur., p. 18,
Viro'sus=îoetid, poisonous.
White. Pileus conical then expanded, acute, glutinous, margin
somewhat lobed, repand, even ; stem stuffed, cylindrical, with a
bulbous base, torn into scales ; volva thick, splitting as well as the
lax apical ring ; gills free, linear-lanceolate. F r. Sver. Svam.,t.
84. Cooke Illus. t . l .
In moist woods.
Foetid, poisonous. Stem 6 inches or more high, nearly an inch thick.
Pileus 4-5 inches.
2 , Ag azicus (Amanita) ph a llo ide s. Fr. JTym. Eur. IS.
Fhalloi'des=(smel\mg) like Phallus, from (f>aXX6s + ASoç
Pileus campanulate, then expanded, obtuse, viscid ; margin
even, regular ; stem hollow above, attenuated ; volva bulbous,/re«
above, loose ; ring membranaceous; gills rounded, ventricose.—
Cooke Illus. t. 2. A . vernalis. Bolt. t. 48. A . verrucosus, Curt. FI.
Bond. t. 312, / . 4-5.
Woods, and their borders. Aug.—Nov. Common.
Pileus 2-3 in. broad, variously coloured. Stem 3-4 in. high, ^ in. thick.
Poisonous.
3 . Ag azicu s (Amanita) v e zn u s. Bull. Fr. Bym. Eur. 18.
Vernus=oi Spring.
Pileus at first ovate, then expanded, rath er depressed, viscid,
white ; margin naked, smooth ; stem stuffed, equal, floccose, base
bulbous ; volva closely embracing the stem with its free margin ;
ring reflexed ; gills free.—Cooke Illus. t. 3.
In woods. Poisonous.
Fries considers this a variety of Ag. phalloides.
b. Volva cut round above the bulb, border membranaceous.
4 . A g a z icu s (Am an ita ) mappa. Batsch. Fr. Eym. Eur. lH.
Mappa=a, napkin.
Pileus convex then plane, without separable cuticle, dry ; margin
nearly even ; flesh white ; stem stuffed then hollow,
cylindrical, nearly smooth, bulbous, nearly globose a t the base ;
volva circumscissile with its free margin acute and narrow ; ring
superior, membranaceous ; gills adnexed.— Cooke Illus. t. 4. Sow. t.
286 Qejt figure). Curt. FI. Bond. t. 312 (idglit figure).
Under trees. Poisonous.
Colour variable. Habit like that of a small A. phalloides.
0. Volva definitely cut round, base marginate, persistent, calyptra
broken into thick warts scattered over the pileus.
5. Ag a z icu s (Aman ita ) musca z ius. Linn. Fr. Eym. Eur. 20.
Muscar'ius, from its use by entomologists and housewives to
keep off flies, muscae (F r. Syst. Myool. i., p. 16).
Pileus convex, then expanded, clothed with scattered warts, the
remains of the volva, margin striate, flesh beneath the viscid cuticle
yellowish ; stem stuffed, bulbous at the base ; volva adnate, concentrically
scaly ; ring lax, deflexed ; gills reaching the stem and
forming decurrent lines upon it.— Grev. t. 54. Fr. Sver. Svam. t.
1. llu s s .i. t. 1. Sow. t. 286 {rightfig). Cooke Illus. t. 117.
Woods, especially fir and birch. Aug.—Nov. Poisonous.
Pileus 3-7 in. broad, orange, scarlet. Stem 4-9 in. high, ¿-1 in. thick.