Emarginate, having a small notch in th e centre
of th e end or tip. ,
Embryo, th e young plan t m th e seed.
Endocarp, th e in n e r membrane ot fru it whicli
forms the cells,
Ensiform, sword-shaped.
En tire, without marginal incisions. .
Epicarp, th e exte rnal integument of th e iru it.
Epidermis, th e outer skin.
Epigynous, situa ted upon th e style o r ovary.
Epipetalous, growing upon th e petals.
Eroded, gnawed, irreg u larly toothed. ,
Evergreen, re ta ining foliage th ro u g h th e winter.
Exserted, projecting considerably beyond some
o th e r part. . ,
Exstipulate, without stipules. See Stipule.
E x tra .a x illa ry , growing eith e r from above or
below th e axils.
F.
Falcate, b e n t like a sickle.
Farinaceous, floury.
Fascicle, buTi(l\e.
disposed in bundles. .
Fastigiate, tape ring to a point ; of compact up rig h t
growth, as th e Lombardy poplar.
Ferrtiginous, ru s ty ; iron-coloured.
Fibrous, composed of fibres.
Fibry, thready. „
Filament, th e thread-like p a rt of th e stamen,
which supports the an th e r.
Filiform, thread-shaped.
Filmy, having a th in skin.
Flaccid, flabby ; not firm.
Flagon-shaped, bearing resemblance to th e fmm
of a flagon, o r globular bottle with a slender
Flexuous, zigzag ; having an u ndulating direction.
Floccose, woolly.
Floriferous. bearing flowers.
Foliolntc, having leaflets. _ , , ,
Follicle, a dry seed-vessel, having only 1-valve
and one cell.
Follicular, having th e form of a follicle.
Foramen, a small hole.
Foraminose, perforated full of holes.
Friable,
Frondose, a term applied eith e r to a stem which
is beset with leaves, or to a proliferous flower.
Fungous, having th e consistence of m ushrooms.
Funiculi, small stalks by which th e seeds are a ttached
to th e placenta.
Hoary, clothed with a grey o r white ¡O"’"-
Hom o frnwM , all th e f lo w e r s her,naphrodite.
Homogynmis, all th e flowers female.
lioodtd, hollowed into tlie form ot a hood.
H u sk th e outer covering of some seeds i also a
sn e d e so f calsit peculiar te grasses and sedges
Hypogynous, situa ted below th e ovanum.
Furrowed, having longitudinal channels.
Fmsz/cu't«, spindle-shaped: a c a rro t is a fusiform
root.
OaUmlus, tho cone of th e genus Cupréssus.
Gamosepalous, where th e sepals appear to be
united in one.
Gemmaceous, having buds.
Gibbous, swelled out with excess of pulp ; p ro tuberant.
, .
Glabrous, smooth ; without hairs.
G/and, a secretory vessel. ^ , ,
having th e appearance of glands. _
Imbricate, laid over each other
Im p a ri-p in n a te , pinnate leaves, terminatmo with
an odd leaflet.
In cumb en t, lying upon.
hidehiscent, n o t opening n atu ra lly .
Induplicate, doubled o r folded inwards.
In durate, hard.
Inequilateral, unequal-sided.
Inflated, puffed up ; blown out like a bladder.
Inflorescence, disposition of th e fl“ " " ” '
M fra -a r illa ry , below th e axils of th e leaves,
/» /m - s ftp u ia r, below th e stipules.
Inte,-nodes, th e space between th e jo in ts 111
l £ i f ‘ekolar, between th e petioles o r leaf,
Glaucescent, somewhat hoary ; or having a bluisn
green, or sea-green, appearance.
Glaucous, sea green, or bluish green.
Glumaceous, having husks.
Granidated, covered as if with grams. .
Gynobasic, having a fleshy receptacle, bearing
sepa rate fruits.
H.
Hastate, formed like th e head of a h alb e rt.
Hemispherical, half-round.
Hermaphrodite, a flower is so called when it consists
of both male and female organs. _
stalks.
Introrse, tu rn e d inwards.
Inverted, upside down.
Involucel, a small involucre. i
Involucre, two or more bracteas u nited below the
Im o lu c r ifo rm , resembling an involucre.
Heterogamous, fiowers of different sexes in the
same head. . ,
Hilum, th e e x te rn a l mark o r scar o f a seed,
whereby it is fixed to th e placenta.
Hirsute, hairy.
Hispid, covered with b ristle -lik e hairs.
Jagged, coarsely cut. ,
Jointed, having jo in ts or articulations.
K.
KeeL th e lower petals of a papilionaceous flower :
a resemblance to th e keel of a boat, eith e r in
leaves or flowers.
Keel-shaped, having a keel-like appearance.
Kneed, b en t like the knee jo in t.
L .
Labiate, having a lip or lips.
Lamellate, divided into thm plates.
Lamelliform, shaped like th e gills on th e under
side of a mushroom and similar fungi.
L atnina, th e u pper spreading p a rt of a petal.
Laminated. See Lamellate.
Lanceolate, lance or spear shaped.
Lanceolate-elliptic, a form between lance-shaped
a n d elliptic or oval. „ , , ,
Lanceolate-oblong, lance-shaped and oblong.
Lanceolate-ovate, between lance-shaped and egg-
LmSSate-subulate, between lance-shaped and
awl-shaped.
L anugmous, slightly woolly.
L ateral, on th e side or sides.
\ ‘eljiet, a small leaf, forming p a r t of a compound
Legume, a pod ; th e fru it of leguminous pl.ants.
Lepidoted, h.aving prominent dots .
Ligneous, woody ; a term oppose^d to herbaceous.
I.igvlate, strap-lilte, having th e form o f a strap.
L im b, th e spreading p a rt o t a petal, o r of a tubular
L in e a r , narrow, when th e two sides are nearly
L inm r ïm n e a tc d , between linear an d wedge-
shaped. ,
L inear-ellipiic, n arrow and elliptic.
Linear-Ianceolate, narrow hmce-shaped.
Linear-oblong, between lin ear and oblong.
Linear-setaceous, n arrow, approaching to tne
form of a b ristle. , . •
Linear-subulate, narrow, and tapering to a
point.
JAneate, streaked in parallel lines.
L ip , th e lower projecting petal of an irregular
flower.
Lobe, th e segment of a divided leaf.
Loculicidal, admitting th e escape of th e seeds
th ro u g h th e valves.
L amen t, a kind of pod, which, when ripe, falls in
pieces a t th e joints.
L u cid , shining.
Luniclate, half-moon-shaped.
L y ra te , a lea f is lyrate when its apex is rounded,
and th ere are several small late ra l lobes towards
its base -, harp o r lyre-shaped.
M.
Membranaceous, of a th in pliable tex tu re .
Metamorphosed, changed from one form to an o
th e r.
Monadelphous, having th e filaments u nited at
th e bottom into one bundle, or brotherhood.
Moniliform, formed like a necklace, having a lte
rn a te swellings and contractions.
Monoecious, haviug th e stamens and pistil in sep
arate flowers on th e same plant.
Monopetalous, having b u t one petal, o r having
th e petals u nited so as to appear b u t one.
Monospermous, one-seeded.
Mucilaginous, of a slimy n atu re .
Mucro, a sharp rigid point.
Mucronate, te rminating in a spine, o r mucro.
Mucronaie-cuspidate, tap e rin g suddenly to a
point which is tipped with a mucro, o r spine.
Mvcronate-denticulate, toothed, each tooth te rminated
with a sharp point.
Mucronulate, having a small h a rd point.
Mtdtifid, many-cleft.
Muricate, covered with short sharp points.
Mutic, pointless ; a terra opposed to mucro.
N.
Narrowed, tapering.
Navicular, boat-shaped.
Nectariferous, having nectaries ; bearing honey.
Nectary, a p a rt of th e corolla, for th e most p a rt
containing honey.
Nicca^nentaceous, having catkins.
Nucleus, th e k ernel of a n u t.
Nucule, a small n u t.
N u t, a seed enclosed within a hard shell.
N u ta n t, nodding.
O.
Obconical, inversely cone-shaped.
Obcordate, inversely hea rt-shaped.
Obcuneate, wedge-shape inverted.
Oblanceolate, inversely lance-shaped.
Oblate, flattened.
Oblique, not d ire c t or parallel.
Oblong, two or th re e times longer than broad.
Oblong-acute, oblong and sharp-pointed.
Oblong-cuneated, between oblong and wedge-
shaped.
Oblong-lanceolatc, between oblong and lanceshaped.
Oblong-linear, in form between oblong and linear.
Oblong-oval, a form between oblong and oval.
Obovate-cuneated, between obovate and wedge-
shaped, with th e broadest end uppermost.
Obovate-lanceolate, a form between egg-shaped
and lance-shaped inverted.
Obovate-spathulate, a form between obovate and
th a t of a spatula.
Obsolete, hardly evident.
Obtuse, blunt.
Ochrea, membranous stipules surrounding the
stem and cohering by th e ir an te rio r margins.
Octandrous, having 8 stamens.
Opaque, n o t reflecting light ; n o t tran sp a ren t.
Opposite, placed in pairs on opposite sides o f a
stem.
"Ptorica,.
OrtliotropovLS, straight, and having th e same direction
as th e body to which it belongs.
Oval, in th e form of an ellipsis.
germen, or incipient seed-vessel,
{Y„nb-u Y which contains t Ovanj, I fu tu re seed. h e rudiments of the
Ovate-acuminate, egg-sliaped in th e lower p art,
and tape ring to a point.
Ovate-acute, egg-shaped in p a rt, b u t te rm in atin g
in a sharp point.
Ovate-arrow-shaped, a form intermedia te be-
twen egg-shaped and arrow-shaped,
Ovaie-catnpanulate, a ftgure between egg-shaped
an d bell-shaped.
Ovate-elliptic, between egg-shaped and elliptical.
Ovate-globose, a form between ro u n d and egg-
shaped.
Ovate-lanceolate, between egg-shaped and lance-
shaped.
Ovoid, egg-shaped.
Ovoid-cylindrical, egg-shaped and cylindrical.
Ovulum, an incipient seed.
V.
Paleaceous, having o r abounding in chaffy
scales.
Paleæ, chaffy scales, common in compound
flowers.
Palmate, palm-shaped, divided so as to resemble
th e hand spread open.
P a n d u rifo rm , fuidle-shaped.
Panicle, a loose irre g u la r mode o f inflorescence,
similarly disposed to tlia t of many grasses, as
oats.
Papilionaceous, butterfly-shaped flowers, as those
of th e common pea.
Papilliform, bearing resemblance to small glan-
d u la r excrescences o r pimples.
Pappose, downy ; having pappus.
Pappus, a kind of down formed by th e minute
division of th e limb of th e calyx of th e Com-
P arietal, attached to th e sides o r walls of th e
ovary.
Pectinate, comb-shaped.
Pedicel, th e flower-stalk o f each sepa rate flower.
Pedicellate, having pedicels.
Peduncle, th e principal flower-stalk.
Pedunculate, having peduncles.
Pellucid, tran sp a ren t ; bright.
Peltate, a peltate leaf has th e petiole fixed in the
ce n tre of th e disk, instead of in th e margin.
Pendulous, ùYoo\img; hanging down.
Pentagonal, five-angled.
Pentandrous, having 5 stamens.
Pentapetalous, five-petaled.
Perfoliate, a le a f is said to be perfoliate when the
stem passes thro u g h its base, as in th e honeysuckle.
Perforated, pierced th ro u g h , apparently full of
holes.
Peria n th , th e flower-cup; th e envelope which
surrounds th e flower : a term applied when
th e calyx cannot be distinguished from th e corolla.
Pericarp, th e covering o fth e seed-vessel.
Perigonal, having botli calyx and corolla.
Perigynous, inserted in th e calyx, o r in th e disk
which adheres to th e calyx.
Peripheric, cu rv ed ; circular.
Persistent, remaining ; not falling off.
Petal, a division of a corolla.
Petiolate, having petioles, o r footstalks, to the
leaves.
Petiole, th e footstalk of a leaf.
Pctiolule, th e footstalk o f a leaflet.
Petiolulate, having petiolules.
Pilose, hairy.
P innæ , th e leaflets o f a pinnate leaf.
P in n a te, a lea f divided into many smaller leaves
or leaflets is said to be pinnate.
P istil, th e columnar body usually situa ted in the
centre o f a flower; when perfect it consists of
th e germen, style, and stigma.
Placenta, th a t p a rt of th e seed-vessel to which
th e seeds are affixed.
Plano-convex, flat on the one side and convex on
th e other.
Plicate, plaited.
4 D 2