148 ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM.
these.be removed as they are produced, it will form a very handsome low tree.
Seeds, suckers, layers, or cuttings, in any common soil, kept moist. The
largest plants o f this species, in the neighbourhood o f London, are a t Syon.
« Ï 2. S. p in n a 't a L . The pinnated-fcawd Staphylèa, or Bladder-nut Tree.
Identification. L in . Sp., 380. ; De c. P ro d ., 2.■ Pp-. 3. ; D o n ’s Mill., 2. p. 3.
Synonymes. Staphylodendron p innàtum R a y ; Staphilie r à Feuilles ailées, Fr. ; gemeine P im p e rnuss,
Ger. ; Lac rime di Giobbe, o r Pistacchio falso, Ital. ; Jo b ’s Tea rs.
E n g ra v in g s . Eng. B o t., t. 1560. ; Hayne Abbild., t. 36. ; and o u rjî;;. 199.
Spec. Char., 4c. Leaves pinnate, o f 5—7 oblong, perfectly glabrous, serrate
leaflets ; the flowers in racemes ; the capsules membranous and bladdery.
(Dec. Prod.) Shrub o r low tree. South o f Europe, and ? England in
hedges. Height 6 ft. to 12 ft. Flowers whitisli ; May and Ju n e. Nuts
globose white, in a bladdery capsule ; ripe in October. Decaying leaves
yellowish green. Naked young wood greenish, with green buds.
A smooth branching shrub, throwing up
many side suckers, in gardens often from
6 ft. to 12 ft. high, and exhibiting a much
more luxuriant growth than th e preceding
species. The nuts, in some parts o f Europe,
are strung for beads by th e Roman Catholics.
The kernels taste like those o f the pistacia,
and are eaten in Germany by children. The
flowers contain a great deal o f honey, and
are very attractive to bees. In the London
nurseries, th e plant is generally cultivated by
side suckers, by cuttings p u t in during the
month o f September, or by seeds, which
are ripened in abundance. The seeds ought
to be sown as soon as they are ripe ; because,
as they contain an oil, they very soon
199. Staphylèa pinnàta.
become rancid. They will come up the following June, with two large, lanceshaped,
seminal leaves ; though sometimes they do not come up for two years.
O r d e r X X . C E L A S T R A 'C E Æ .
O r d . C h a r . Sepals 4— 6 : æstivation imbricate. Petals 4— 6. Stamens 4__6,
alternate with the petals, opposite the sepals, indistinctly perigynous.
Ovary superior, free, girded with a fleshy disk, with 2 —4 cells. Ovules erect,
rarely pendulous. Fruit capsular, baccate, drupaceous, o r samarideous.
Seeds, in most, attended with an aril. (Lindl.)
Leaves simple, alternate or opposite, generally stipulate, deciduous, or
evergreen. Flowers whitish or greenish, in axillary cymes. — Shrubs or
low trees, generally deciduous ; natives o f both hemispheres.
The species are chiefly remarkable for the form and colours o f their fruits •
their flowers being neither large nor showy, nor their properties valuable iil
medicine, or general economy. All the species are readily increased by layers,
by cuttings struck m sand, or by seeds in any common soil. The genera
containing hardy species are Duónymus, Celástrus, and Nemopánthes, which
are thus contradistinguished : —
D u o 'n y m o s Tourn. Sexes mostly hermaphrodite. F ru it a dehiscent capsule,
o f 3—5 cells. Seed with an aril. Leaves mostly opposite. ’
C e l a ' s t r u s L . Sexes mostly hermaphrodite. F ru it a dehiscent capsule
o f 2—3-cells. Seed with an aril. Leaves alternate.
N e m o p a ' n t h e s Rafin. Sexes polygamous or dioecious. F ru it an indehiscent
berry
G e n u s I .
I
E U O 'N YM U S Tourn. T h e E u o n y m u s , or S p i n d l e T r e e . Lin. Syst.
Tetra-Hex-ándria Monogynia.
IdentflcaUon. T o u rn . I n s t , t. 388. ; L in . Gen., 27). ; D e c . P ro d ., 2. p. 3. ; D o n ’s Mill., 2. p. 3.
Synonymes. Fusain, Bo n n et de P rê tre , o r Bois à Lardoire, F r. ; Spindeibaum, Ger. ; Evonimo,
n i r iL t i o n . T h e word E uónymus is formed from th e Greek, and signifies o f good repute. T h e
French word F usain means a spindle, alluding to th e use o f th e w ood for making spindles. Bonnet
de P rê tre alludes to th e form o f th e capsules, which, when opened, b e a r some resemblance to a
p riest’s cap j and it is called B ois à L ard o ire from th e use made o f th e w ood for skewers o r larding
pins. T h e German name is lite rally spindle tree.
Gen. Char. Calyx 4—5-lobed, flat, covered by th e peltate disk a t th e base.
Petals 4—6, spreading, inserted in th e disk. Stamens 4—6, inserted above
th e disk in ra th e r prominent glands. Capsule 3—5-celled, 3—5-angled.
Seeds 1—4 in each cell, and wrapped in pulp or aril. (Doris Mill.)
Leaves simple, opposite, serrate. Stipules mostly none. Peduncles axillary,
1—many-flowered. Infiorescence cymose. — Deciduous shrubs or low
trees ; sometimes trailing, or climbing by rootlets.
Ï Ht \. E . e u r o p æ ' u s L . The E u ropean Euonymus, or Spindle Tree.
IdentMciUion. L in . Sp., 286. ; Dec P ro d ., 2. p. 4. ; D o n ’s Miil., 2. p. 3. . r- . . -a
Sunom/mes. E . vulgàris Milt. Dict. ; P rick -tim b e r Gerard ; Louse Berry, Dogwood, Gatteridge
■J'reó -, F u sa ta d ’Europe , F r .; Bonnet de P rê tre commun, F r . ; gemeine Spindeibaum, Ger. ; Bc-
D [rtra ííó rT '" 'T Íií English name P rick -tim b e r. or Prick-wood, alludes to th e employment of th e wood
in making toothpicks and skewers, which we re formerly called pricks ; and it is called Dogwood,
because th e wood o f Córnus sanguínea and th a t o f th e Euonymus europoe us are used indiscriminate
ly for th e same purposes, both being called Ga tteridge T re e ; tlie meaning of w hich we do not
know. I t is called Louse.wood, because th e powdered leaves were formerly p u t on th e heads ol
children to chase away lice. ^ , j
Engravings. Smith’s E ng. B o t., t. 362. ; th e p late of the tre e i.i Arb . B n t., 1st edit., vol. v ; and
o u r ß g . 200.
too. Budnyiniis europjeHia
Spec. Char., 4c. Branches smooth. Leaves lanceolate-ovate, very finely sawed.
Flowers about 3 upon one peduncle; the petals oblong, ra th e r acute. Lobes
of the capsule obtuse. (Dec. Prod.) A deciduous shrub, or low tree.
Europe and Britain, in hedges and cop.se woods. Height 6 ft. to 12 ft.
Flowers greenish white; May. F ru it scarlet, produced in great abundance,
L 3