STO A U B O R E T U M E T F R U T I C E T U M B R I T A N N I C U M .
X584. 9 . coccínea.
crimson, o r purplish red. T h e leaf also bears a greater resemblance to that
o f Q. palùstris th an any o th e r species.
¥ 16. Q. a m b i ' g u a Wil/d. T h e ambiguous, or grey. Oak.
I d e n ti fic a tio n . M ic h x . N o r t h A m e r . S y l . , 1. p . 9 8 . ; P u r s h S e p t . , 2 . p . 6 3 0 ., n o t H u m b o ld t.
S y n o m p n e . Q- b o r e â ü s M ic h x . N . A m e r . S y l. 1. p . 98.
E n g r a v in g s . M ic iix . A r b . , t 24. ; N . A m e r . S y l., 1. t . 26. ; t h e p l a t e o f t h i s t r e e in A rb . B n t . , 1st
e d i t . , v o l v iii. ; a n d o u r f i g . 1585. '
Spec. Char., S/c. Leaves sinuated, glabrous, a cu te a t th e base ; sinuses somewhat
acute. Cup somewhat shield-shaped. N u t roundish-ovate. (MzcAjzÿ
A large deciduous tre e . Nova Scotia to Lake Champlain. Height 40 ft.
to 60 ft. In tro d u c ed in 1800.
This species bea rs a close analogy to
th e red oak in its foliage, and to th e
scarlet oak in its fruit. I t has also ano th er
peculiarity in blossoming every year, though
it takes two, three, and in vei'y cold
< lirnates four, years to mature its fruit.
Th e leaves are large smooth, and deeply
sin u a ted ; th e indentations being sharper
and more angular than th o se o f th e leaves of
Q. coccínea. T h e acorns are o f th e middle
size, rounded a t th e end, and contained in
scaly top-shaped cups. Th e grey oak is
found farther n o rth than any o th e r American
species, and it therefore would seem
to be th e best adapted for being cultivated in Britam as a useful tre e . The wood
is as coarse and open in its pores as th a t o f th e red oak ; b u t it is stronger
and more durable.
¥ 17. Q. f a l c a ' t a Michx.
I d e n ti fic a tio n . M ic h x . Q u e r ., N o . 16. ; P u r s h F l . A m e r. S e p t ., 2 . p . 631.
. d ....................................................... i s c o lo r A i t . H o r t . K e w . c d . 1. 3 . p .
- '■■iS, ; Q. e lo
. J . . . . . . ».................... ,...___________ 'o e . - , a .................. - '
c u n e à t a W a n g ., F o r s t . ; t h e d o w n y - l e a v e d
T h e Sickle-shaped, or Spanish, Oak.
.. p . 444.
0. 26. ; (
, . lo n g à t a W illd . S p . P l . 4 .i
Q. l y r à t a L o d d - C a t. 1836 ; Q. c u n e à t a W a n g . ; t i t r i lo b a W iU d ., M ic h x . Q u e r . 14. N o . 26. ; Ü-
E n g r a v in g s . M ic h x . Q u e r . , t . 2 8 . ; N . A m e r . S y l ., 1 . 1. 2 3 . ; a n d o u r f i g s . 1586. a n d 1587.
Spec. Char,, Leaves downy beneath, sinuated with th re e o r more somewhat
falcate bristle-pointed lobes ; th e terminal one elongated and jagged.
Calyx hemispherical. (W illd .) A large deciduous tre e . Canada to Georgia.
Height 30 ft. to 80 ft. In tro d u c ed in 1763.
This oak is a very remarkable one, from th e g reat difference which exists in
its leaves and general appearance in different climates. This difference is so
extraordinar)’, th a t nearly all th e botanists who have written on th e American
oaks have supposed it to be tw o species. In th e Southern States, it forms
a noble tree, 80 ft. high, with a tru n k 4 o r 5 feet in diameter ; while in New
Jersey th e tre e is never above 30 ft. high, with a tru n k only 4 or 5 inches
thick. The bark is thick, black, and deeply furrowed ; and th e wood is reddish
and coarse-grained, with open pores, like th a t o f th e red oak. The leaves are
also extremely diffe ren t; on th e tre es in
the south, they are falcate, like th o se m jtg .
1586., copied from th e plate o f this tree
in the North American Sylva, i. t. 23. ; in
1586. 9 . falcata. 1587. 9 - falcata.
New Jersey, th e leaves are three-lobed (like those shown in Jig. 1587.5,
from the Histoire des Chênes), except a few on th e summit, which are
slightly falcated. Generally th e lower branches o f all trees o f this species,
growing in moist and shaded situations, have tiieir leaves trilobed ; while
those on th e upper branches are falcated, with th e ir lobes even more arched
than those in Jig. 1586. This remarkable difference led th e elder Michaux
to describe th e specimens which h e h ad found growing in very cold bad land
as Q. triloba ; and on th e young shoots o f these specimens he frequently found
leaves deeply denticulated o r lobed, like those o f Q. rù b ra o r Q. coccínea, as
represented a t a vìi Jig. 1587. T h e acorns are small, round, brown, and
contained in slightly scaly, shallow, top-shaped cups, supported on short
peduncles : they resemble those o f Q. Banisters, and, like them, preserve th e
power of germination for a long time.
¥ 18. Q. t i n c t o ' r i a Willd. Th e Quercitron, or Dyer’.s, Oak.
Id e n tific a tio n . W i l ld . S p . P l . , 4 . p . 444. ; P u r s h F l . A m e r . S e p t . , 2 . p . 029.
S y n o n ym e s . Q. v i r g im à n a , & c ., P l u k . P h y t . t. 64 . f . 5 . ; ti. d is c o lo r W iU d . A r b . 274. ; t h e b la c k
O ak , A m e r . \ C h ê n e d e s T e i n t u r i e r s , F r .
E n g r a v in g s . M ic h x . Q u e r . , t . 2 4 . ; th e p l a t e o f t h i s t r e e 1 A rb . B r i t . , 1 s t e d i t., v o l. v ii. ; j
Spec. Char., cÿc. Leaves downy beneath, obovate-oblong, dilated, widely
sinuated : lobe short, obtuse, slightly to o th ed , bristle-pointed. Calyx o f
the fruit flat undernea th. N u t globose. (W illd .) A large deciduous tree.
United States generally. Height 80 ft, to 100 ft. Introduc ed in 1800.
Varieties. Michaux, in his Chênes de l’Amérique, gives th e two following forms
of this species : —
It Q. t . \ angulosa Michx. Q. americana Pluk. Aim. p. 309. ; Q. velutin
a Lam. D id . ; Q. tinctoria Ba rt. Trav. p. 37. ; th e Champlain
Oak, — Leaves smooth, lobed with angular lobes. Cup top-shaped.
N u t globose, and depressed at th e summit. Shores o f Lake
8 k 4
-i. I" '
" i
¡•li •