1388. B, figüstrina.
Apparently a fit associate for Zigustrum, Fontanesia,
and Prinos.
SÈ 2. B. ( ? L.) A C U M IN A T A iVUUi. The acnmiiiate-
leaved Borya.
Identification. Willd. Sp. Pl., 4. p. 711. ; Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., vol. 5.
Synonymes. Adèlia acuminàta Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2. p. 225. t.48. ;
Bigelòvìo acuminàta Smith in Rees's Cyclop. Addenda.
Tke Sexes. Uncertain which is in England.
Engravmgs. Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 2. t. 28. ; and ourfig. 1389.
Spec. Char., 4^. Leaves membranous,
lanceolate in almost
a rhombic manner ; but most
tapered to the outward end ;
l^in. long, serrulate. Male
flowers several together in small
sessile tufts, encompassed with
several ovate bracteas. Female
flowers stalked, very small.
Fruit pendulous, elliptic-oblong, nearly 1 in. long
before it is ripe, tapered to the tip in a beak-like
manner. It appears that the taper lateral branches
form something like thorns. (Mtchx.) Carolina and
Georgia. An erect shrub, on the banks of rivers.
Height 5 ft. to 10 ft. Introd. 1812. Flowers greenish.
The only difference which we can observe between
B. acuminata and B. /igustrina is, that the former
has the leaves of a paler green, and much larger.
The plant bears a general resemblance to a privet,
or a large Persian lilac.
afc 3. B. (l .) p o r u l o ' s a Wt/ld. The Pore-Me-dotied-leaved Borya.
Identification. Willd. Sp. P l., 4. p. 711. ; Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., vol. 5.
Synonymes. .Adòlia porulòsa Mickx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2. p. 224. ; Bigelòvìa porulòsa Smilh in Rees's
Cyclop. Addenda ; ? B. ovàta Lodd. Cat. ed. 1836.
The Sexes. Uncertain which is in England.
Engravings. Ourfig. 1390. from a specimen in the British Museum, and 1391.
from a specimen in Sir W. J . Hooker’s herbarium.
Spec. Char., Leaves coriaceous, sessile,
lanceolately ovate, but with a blunt point,
entire ; the lateral edges revolute ; under
surface rather rusty, and punctured with
little holes. (Michx.) A shrub, like the
preceding kinds. Georgia and Florida.
Introducedin 1806.
The plants in the collection of Messrs.
Loddiges differ from B. /igustrina chiefly in
porulòsa. the leaves being shorter. ¡1391. B. (l.)porulòsi
O r d e r LXVL {TLMA'CE^.
Ord. Char. Flowers pedicellate, hermaphrodite or polygamous, collected into
loose small heads. Perianth free, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, opposite the lobes.
Ovatium solitary. Stigmas 2. Fniit indehiscent, 2-celled, membranous, compressed,
winged. Seed solitary in the cells, pendulous. Albumen none. (G.
Don.)
Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate, deciduous; serrated or entire. Flowers
axillary, on short peduncles,_ small.—Trees, deciduous, chiefly of large
size ; natives of Europe, Asia, and America; included in three genera,
whicli are thus contradistinguished; —
r/'LMUs Z. Flowers polygamous. Fruit a samara.
Pla'nerz4 Gmelin. Flowers polygamous. Fruit dry.
C e ' l t i s Tourn. Flowers polygamous. Fruit a dmpa.
G e n u s I .
C7'LMUS L . The E lm . Lin. Syst. Pentándria Digÿîiîa.
Identification. Lin. Gen., 123. ; Sm. Engl. Fl., 2. p. I, 2. and 19.
Synonymes. Orme, Fr.; Ulm, or Rüster, Ger. ; Olmo, Ital.
Derivation. [7'lmus is supposed to be derived from the Saxon word elm, or ulm ; a name which is
applied, with very slight alterations, to this tree, in all the dialects of the Celtic tongue. Ulm is
still one of the German names for the elm ; and the city of Ulm is said to derive its name from
the great number of elm trees that are growing near it. There are above forty places in England
mentioned in tlie Doomsday-Book, which take tlieir names from that of the elm ; such as Barn
Elms, Nine Elms, &c.
Gen. Char., <§-c. Flowers in lateral groups, proceeding from peculiar buds,
and protruded before the leave.s ; bisexual ; monoecious. ^ Calyx reddish,
distinct from the ovary, top-shaped or bell-shaped, of one piece, but having
5 or 4—8 segments, which imbricate in æstivation ; remaining until the
fruit falls. Stamens as many as the segments. Style short or wanting.
Stigmas 2, acuminate. Fruit a samara, with a membranous wing. (G. Don.)
Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate, deciduous ; serrate, feather-nerved,
harsh to the touch, generally unequal at the base. Flowers small, whitish
or reddish. Decaying leaves rich yellow.— Trees, deciduous; natives of
Furope, Asia, and North America. The species are propagated by seeds,
and the varieties by grafting.
The elm is remarkable for the aptitude of the different species to vary from
seed ; so much so that it is extremely difficult to say, in this genus, which are
species and which are varieties ; or even to what species the varieties belong.
To us it appears, that there are only two British sorts which are truly distinct ;
viz. U. campéstris and U. montàna. U. americàna, and, perhaps, some
other of the American species may also be distinct. Great attention has been
paid to this genus by Mr. Masters of Canterbury, who has raised many sorts,
both from American and European seeds, and whose collection will be found
described in the 1st edition of this work, and in the Gard. Mag. voh xiii.
p. 28. U. glabra and U. major seem intermediate between U. campéstris
and U. montàna. U. effiisa appears very distinct; but is probably only a
variety of U. campéstris. Of all the numerous varieties which may be procured
in British nurseries, the best kinds for cultivation for their timber
appear to be, the Huntingdon elm (U. m. glàbra végéta), and the Wych elm
( C7. montàna) ; and for ornament the weeping elm (Í7. montàna péndula),
the sub-evergreen elm (U . campéstris virens), and the twiggy elm (U. campéstris
viminàlis). The sucker-bearing elms are chiefly the varieties of U.
campéstris, and the.se seldom produce seeds; but U. montàna, and 17. m.
glàbra, and their varieties, which never throw up suckers, produce seeds in the
greatest abundance every year. U. campéstris does indeed produce seeds
occasionally, tliough rarely, in England ; and the U. c. viminàlis is a British
seedling, raised by Mr. Masters. In France, U. campéstris ripens seeds
much more freely, and these have given rise, in that country, to innumerable
varieties. The whole genus, it will readily be conceived, is in a state of great
confusion. See Arb. Brit., 1st edit., p. 1409.
Î 1. Í7. c a m p e ' s t r i s Z. 'The EngluhyiiClà, or common .imall-leaved,VAm.
Identification. Lin. Sp. Pl., 327. : Sm, Engl. FL, 2. p. 20.
Synonymes. U'imus Atinia Pliny Nat. Hist. lib. 16. cap. 17. and lib. 17. cap. 11. ; U. minor, folio
angusto scabro, Ger. Dmac. 1480. f. ; Olmo pyramidale,/tóf. . . „ . , . a-. ,
Engravings. Engl. Bot., 1 .1886. ; N. Du Ham., 2. t. 42. ; the plates in Arb. B n t., 1st edit., vol. vii. ;
and our fig. 1394.
i!:i! !!