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A R B O R E T U M E T F R U T IC E T U M B R IT A N N IC U M .
of the countries whence they were introduced, but they are not worth
keening distinct. The only varieties of pinaster which we think worth cultivating
are, P. P. Aberdòiiiai and P. P. Leinonirmi«, and, for those who
like variegated plants, P. P. foliis variegatis.
There is a more decided taproot in this pine than in
any other European species ; and, where the soil is dry and
sandy, it descends perpendicularly into it, like the root of a
broad-leaved tree. In proportion as the perpeadi-
cuhir roots are stronger than those of other pines,
the horizontal roots are weaker ; and hence, in the
case of transplanted trees, from the weight of the
1785. P. P. nrtnor. 1786. P . Pin/ister.
head produced by the dense mass of long foliage, the stem is generally
inclined to one side ; and when, after two or three years, it begins to gron
erect, a curvature appears close above the root, which remains visible even m
old trees. The rate of growth is very rapid ; plants, in 10 years tro"> ‘'“i,
seed, attaining the height of 1 0 or 1 2 feet, and, in twenty years, the height o
■10 ft in the climate of London. The wood is in thick layers, soft, and not
of great duration. The most remarkable fact in the history of this tree is tne
»reat use which has been made of it in France, in covering immense tracts o
barren sand on the sea coast. Though the wood of the pinaster is soit, a n
not of long duration, it is employed, in the marine arsenal at loii oii, lor i e
outer cases of all the packages which are put on board verails, and P™«!« ?
for the piles and props which are used for sustaining the (rames ot vessels
while they are being constructed. In Bordeaux and in Provence, it is employed
for the common kinds of carpentry, for packmg-boxes, and tor lue ,
but the most valuable purposes to which the tree is applied in these countnes
is the production of rosin, tar, and lampblack. The modes of pi ocunng pi >
tar, rosin, &c., from the Piniistcr, are given at length in our first edition, vo . ■
p. 2221. to 2224. A deep dry sand, or a sandy loam on a dry bottom, m
this tree best ; it abhors chalk, and every description of calcareous soil, vvu
LXXVII. CONI'f EIîÆ ; P i 'ni 9 6 5
respect to elevation, though it will endure the sea breeze, it will not thrive in
England, much above the level of the sea, ’
2 8 . P. Pi'nea L . The Stone Pine.
Lin, Sp. Pl., 1419.; Ait. Hon. Kow ed i ,s „ scs
II. 1 N!*DuHam., 5. t. 7ft f 3 ■ Pok'eriToro fe. S36-1 Pin., I. t. 10,
plate of this tree in Arb. Brit., 1st edit ?ol ntf”. , »1''- ‘S.'’-1
1789,, of the natural size, from Dropmore anÜwMte Kiufllts ’ ‘ ">
Spec. C/iw. cfc. paves in pairs. Cones ovate, obtuse, nearly as Ion» as the
leaves, their scales with recurved deciduous point.s. Seed bony with very
short wings. Crest of the anthcr.s jagged. (Sinith.) The ^
buds (see fig. 1TO7.) resemble thore of Pinást?, bm
are smaller in all their dimensions, much less pointed
more woolly, and wholly without resin. The surrouniL
ing-buds are nearly as large as the central one. Tim
leaves are troni Sin. to 7 in., and sometimes 8 in., long
serrated ; s ieiiths, at first, -lin. long, afterwards becomin?
hicerated, shortened to half their length, and ringed with
four or five rings. ^ Cone from 5 m. to 6 in. in lengfth; and
horn .Sjin. to 4in. in breadth ; scales large and woody, from
2 in. to ■-jin in length, and from I in. to IJin. in breadtli,
with the thickened part pyramidal, rhomboidal, and sometimes
hexagonal in the plan, resembling those o f P. Pinaster
but having four rihs from the four angles, instead of tw?
from the latera angles. The ribs meet in a small rhomboidal pyramid of a
giey colour, which terminates m a broad blunt priekie. The colour of the
broad wfth t e ■’ " ''fo ’" , “’® wmg,|in. long, and from fin . to Jiii.
t e l ó, " '" p “’® ‘ fo"g-, Cotyledons 9 to 1 1 . A low or middlesized
t ee. Greece, and cultivated in Italy. Height, in Greece, 50 ft. to 60 ft •
m t e b " ? 'ri-'i ' “ t e ' “ ’ ‘r i t e in the climate o! London in the lat'te' “r feon d of May or thi"e >b5e*g«in ninIgt oflft eJeu-n®e:,
and ripen.s its cones in the autnnin of the second year.
f'arielies.
Í ?P. P. 2 _ .....................
2 frágilis N. Du Ham. v. p.
- Thi ' ' • -
242.—The only variety mentioned
by Continental authors ; and it
only differs from the species in
having a tender shell to the seed.
^ P. P. 3 crética Hort. — The leaves
seem to be rather finer than those
of the species.
In the South of Europe, this species is a
arge tree, with a spreading head, forming a
Kind of parasol, and a trunk 30 or 40 feet
liigh, clear of branches; but in England it
generally forms a bush rarely exceeding
ipft. in height. Tbe soil for the stone
pine should be deep, sandy, and dry, and
the situation sheltered, though the plants
should not be crowded. The seeds ai’e .
procured from foreign cones, which are
generally purchased in the autumn, or at
the beginning of winter, and the seeds
taken out of them by throwing them into ''»s-
¿fL-ating them hke those of pinaster. They are freqiionllv
-‘’Own m pots in the cou-'sc of the winter, and preserved in a frame aiul kept
3 Q 3 ‘