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A R B O R E T U M E T F R U T IC E T U M B R I T A N N IC U M .
tt 3. C. j a p o ' n io a Pers. The Japan Quince Tree.
Identificaiion. Pers. Syn., 2. p. 40. i Dec. Prod., 2. p. 638. ; Don's Mill 2. n fi.sn
‘' l S " u n . “ ” <> * '■ ù lm . t. ¿i)2. r c i n e ’nom è le s japOnica
Engravings. Bot. Mag., t..692. ; Morris Fl. Consp., 1.1, ; oiirjfe. 809. ; and.^¡;. 810. showing the fruit.
Spec. Char., f r . Leaves
oval, somewhat cuneated,
crenately serrated, glabrous
upon both surfaces.
Stipules kidney-shaped,
and serrated. Flowers
mostly 2—3 together,
rarely solitary. Calyx
glabrous ; its lobes short,
obtuse, entire. Stamens
in two rows. (Dec. Prod.)
A rambling deciduous
shrub. Japan and China.
Height 5 ft. to 6 ft. Introd. in 1815. Flowers scarlet
; produced the greater part of the year. Fruit
S‘®en, very fragrant, but not eatable ; ripe in Oct.
Varieties.
C. japónica .
tt C. j . 2 flòre álbo has cream-coloured, or very pale red, flowers and
forms a very distinct kind when in blossom
tt C. j . 3 f l senn-pUno has red flowers, som e/h at semidouble. There
are plants of this kind in the Kensington Nursery.
h nZ® /«''¡■•able deciduous shrubs in cultivation, whether as a
bush in the open lawn, trained against a wall, or treated as an ornamenta
hedge plant. I t has also been trained up with a single stem as a stand-ird-
and, m this character, its pendent branches and numerous flowers, give'it ¿
rich and striking appearance, especially in early spring. It is difficu t to unite
I ? ? by graftag ; biit, if it could be grafted standard high oZtlm
pear, the hawthorn, or even on the common quince, it would form a ino^it Af
bfjuttiigs.® : , r ? o t
Order XXVII. CALYCANTHA'CEiE.
O rd . C h a r . Calyx coloured many-parted. Segments in many series, uneoiial.
Corolla none. S am « « indefinite, in several series. Anthers adnate 'ex-
trorse. exserted. Carpds 1-seeded, enclosed within the fleshy’tube
of the calyx. Albamennone. Agrees with Bosacese in fruit, and Granateie
in leaves, but differs from both in the absence of petals (G Don I
Leaves simple, opposite, exstipulate, deciduous; feather-nerved, rough.
Flowers axillary. — Deciduous shrubs, natives of Asia and America.
C a l y c a ' n t h u s . Stamens 1 2 , deciduous
C h im o n a 'n t h u s , Stamens 5, persistent.
Genus I.
CALYCA'NTHUS T h e C a l y c a n t h u s , or A m e r ic a n A l l s p i c e .
Lm. Syst. Icosandria Polygÿnia.
NOV. Act. N a ., c u r . Bonn., 11. p . iO I . ; Dec.
Synonymes. Calycânthi sp. L in ., L am., Willd. ; B üttnè ri« Du Ham. Arb., 1. p. 114., not of Lin. ;
Beurrèr/fl Ehret Pict. t. 13.; Bastôrffl Allans. Earn. 2. p.294. ; Pompadoura Buchoz ; Calycanthe,
Fr. ; Gewürzstrauch (spice shrub), Kelch Blume, Ger. ; Calicanto, ItaU
Derivation. From halux, a calyx, and anthos, a. flower; the calyx is coloured, and resembles a
corolla. The name allspice was given to it by th e inhabitants oi Carolina, from the strong aromatic
smell of the bark.
Gen. Char. Lobes of calyx disposed in many series, imbricate, lanceolate,
all somewhat coriaceous and coloured. Stamens unequal, deciduous,
12 outer ones fertile. Achenia numerous. (Doris MiU.)
Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate, deciduous ; entire, coriaceous.
Flowers axillary, rising after the leaves, of a lurid purple colour, and
sweet-scented, as well as the bark and leaves.
Deciduous shrubs, natives of North America ; propagated, in England, by
layers. DeCandolle states that the removal of the terminal leaf bud of a
shoot causes the production of two new flower buds ; and that by this practice
a succession of flowers, during the whole summer, may be obtained when
desirable. (Dec. Prod.)
äi 1. C. floT u d u s L. The flowery Calycanthus, or Carolina Allspice.
Identification. Lin. Sp., 718. ; N u tt. Gen. Amer., !. p. 312. ; Dec. Prod., 3. p. 2. ; Don’s Mill,, 2-
p . C52.
Synonymes. C. stériìis Walt. Car. 151.; sweet-scented Shrub, in Carolina; common American
Allspice ; Calycanthe de la Caroline, Fr. ; Carolinische Kelch Blume, Ger. ; Pompadur, Ital.
Eneravings. Bot. Mag., t. 503. ; D u Ham. Arb., 1. t. 45. ; Lam. 111., t. 445. f. 1. ; Guimp. Abb.
Holz., t.4. ; oar fig. 810. ; andjîg-. 811. showing the fruit.
Spec. Char., 4’c. Wood
of the trunk, and es- ■
pecially of the root,
intensely camjihor- '
scented. Branches
spreading j branchlets
tomentose. Leaves
oval, tomentose beneath.
Flowers mostly
abortive. Fruit topshaped.
(Dec. Prod.) i
A dense orbiculate
bush. Carolina, on the
shaded banks of rivu-
811. Calycânthus flóridu.. g g
Introduced in 1726. Flowers dusky, purple, scented ; May to August.
Fruit brown, rarely seen in England. General aspect of the foliage, in
summer, dark brownish green. Decaying leaves bright yellow. Naked
young wood dark brown.
Varieties. DeCandolle gives two forms of this species : —
^ C. f. \ oblongus, leaves oblong (Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., 3. p. 282.) ; and
sife C. f . 2 ovàtus, leaves roundishly ovate (Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., 3.
p. 282.).
The following varieties are in Loddiges’s Catalogue for 1836 ; and plants
of most of them are in their arboretum, and in that of the Horticultural
Society ; —
^ C. / . 3 asplenifòlius has cut leaves.
C. f 4 fei'ax has fertile flowers.
^ C. f . 5 glaucus has leaves somewhat glaucous.
^ C. f. 6 inodomis has flowers nearly scentless.
^ C. f . 1 longifòUus has elongated leaves.
^ C. f. S variegàtus has variegated leaves.
^ The flowers grow singly on short peduncles at the extremity of the
branches ; they have two series of narrow thick sepals, which spread open,
and turn inward at the top, hke those of the anemone or clematis. It thrives
O G 3
812. C. flóndus.
i l L t e