í £ f : i . J # I Í Í ' Í J i i l Y f t ? i - i« £ 1
1 0 7 2 ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM.
G e n u s IX.
C A 'L L IT R IS Vent. T h e C a l ia t r i s . Lin. Syst. Monoe'cia Monadélphia.
Identification. Vent. Dec. Nov. Gcn. ; R. Brown in L itt. ; Richd. Mém. su r les Conifères, p. 141.
Synonymes. Thùja, p a rt of, L in . ; F resnèlio Mirbel Mém Mus.
Gen. Char. Maie Jiowers m terminal solitary catkins. of each flower
contained in 2— 5 cases, attached to the lower part of the scale, which is
peltate. — Female fioiuers in terminal catkins, of 4—6 ovaries ; or else receptacles,
each spreading at the tip, and disposed upon so short an axis as
to seem, in the state of fruit, the valves of a regular pericarp, at which time
each has a mucro near the tip. Ovules 3 or many to each ovary, or receptacle.
Seed winged. {G. Don.)
Leaves simple, opposite or whorled, exstipulate, evergreen ; linear, scaleshaped,
situated under the joints of the branches. Flowers yellowish.
— Trees evergreen, low, or shrubs, with jointed branches ; natives of Africa,
with the habit of Cupréssus or '7’hùja.
This genus was established from the 2'hùja articulàta of Desfontaines. I t
differs from the genus Thiija in having the scales of the female catkins constantly
from 4 to 6, all opening like the valves of a regular pericarp ; and in
having, at the base o f each of these scales, a number of seeds, winged on the
margin, whereas in Thuja they are wanting, or inconspicuous,
i . 1. C. q u a d r i v a ' l v i s Vent. The four-valved Callitris.
Identification. Ventenat. Dec. Nov. Gen. j Rich. Mém. sur les Conifères, p. 46. ^
Synonymes. Tlîùja articulà ta Deifi. Atl. 2. p. 353., Arb. et Arbrtss. 2. p. 576. ; Cupréssus articulata
P in . Wob. p. 191.
Engravings. N. Du Ham., 3. t. 5. ;
Lodd. Bot Cab., t. 844. ; and our
jig . 1995. from specimens received
from M. Otto of B erlin.
Spec. Char., Sfc. Leaves flattened,
articulate. Female
catkin tetragonal, with 4
oval valves, each furnished
with a point, and 2 of w hich
bear seeds. (Desf.) A low
evergreen tree. Barbary.
Height 15 ft. to 20 ft. Introduced
in 1815, and flowering
from Februai'y to
May.
Rather tender in the open
air in the climate o f London,
but may be kept against a
wall. 1995. C. tiuadriváívis.
Í C. Fothergilli. ? Cupréssus Fothergilh.—There are young plants of this
name at Elvaston Castle, and in some of the nurseries, which in general appearance
resemble the common evergreen cypress.
Í C. tríquetra. Cupréssus tríquetra Caí. ed. 1836.—A native o f the
Cape of Good Hope, introduced in 1820. There are plants at Messrs.
Loddiges’s, and also at Elvaston Castle, where it has stood out three years,
and appeal's quite hardy.
1 C. cupressifórmis Vent., Loud. Hort. Brit. p. 490. — A native of New
Holland, introduced in 1826. There are small plants of it in various nurseries.
1 C. macrostachya H o rt.—There is a plant at Elvaston Castle.
LXXVII. c o n i f e r æ : c u p r e ' s s u s .
G e n u s X.
1 0 7 3
CXJPRE'SSUS L . T h e C y p r e s s . Lin. Syst. Monoe'cia Monadélphia.
Identification. Lin. Gen., No. 1079. ; Juss. -113.
Synonymes. Cypres, Fr. ; Cypresse, Ger. ; Cipresso, Itat. ; Ciproste, Port. ; Cypros, Hungarian.
Derivation. According to some, from kuo, to produce, and parisos, nearly resembling ; in allusion
to the regularity of the branches ; or from Cyparissus, a beautiful youth of thc Island of Ceos, who
was changed into a cypress ; or, according to others, from the Isle of Cyprus, where one species of
•the tree was found in abundance.
Gen. Char, Male fioiver in termiual solitary catkins. Folien of each flower
contained in 4 cases, attached to the scale on the inner face at the lower
edge, ¿ca/es peltate. — Female fiowers Nwb tbe. ovaries connate with the
bractea, and constituting a receptacle. Ovules to each receptacle 8 or more.
Strobile globose. Receptacles, as included in the strobile, peltate, having
an obscure tubercle at the tip ; disposed collaterally, not imbricately. Seeds
compressed, angular ; affixed to the narrow basal part of the recejitacle.
Cotyledons 2.
Leaves simple, alternate, exstipulate, evergreen ; adpressedly inibricated,
linear. Flowers yellowish.—Evergreen trees, or large shrubs ; natives of
Europe, Asia, and North America ; remarkable for the fine grain and durability
o f their wood; propagated by seeds, which require the same soil and
treatment as the Jbiétinæ.
f 1. C. sempervi'rens L . The common,or evergreen, Cypress.
Identification. Hort. Cliff., 449. ; N. Du Ham., 3. p. 2. ; Lam. Diet., 1.
Synonymes. C. pyramidàlis Hort. ; ? C. fastigiàta Hort. and P in . Wob. p. 186. ; Cyprès pyramidal,
Cyprès ordinaire, Fr. ; gemeine Cypressenbaum,iressenbaum, Gcr. ; th e Italian Cypress.
Engravings. Dend. Brit., t. 156. ; N. Du Ham., 3. t. 1. 127 1 the plates of this tree in Arh. Brit.,
1st edit.“! vol. viii.} and onr fig . 1996.
Spec. Char., Branchlets quadrangular. Leaves imbricated in 4 rows,
obtuse, adpressed, convex. Cones globose; scales mutic. Branches straight.
( Wiild.) A fastigiate evergreen tree. South of Europe, Greece, Turkey,
Persia, and Asia Minor. Height, in its native country, 50 ft. to 60 ft. ; in
the climate of London, 30 ft. to 40 ft., rarely 50 ft. Introduced before 1548.
Flowering in April and May, and ripening its dark brown cones in the following
March or April.
Varieties.
f C. s. I stricta Mill. Dict. Cyprès mâle, Fr. — Branches upright, and
closely pressed towards the trunk. I t is the most common form
o f the species. (S ee the plate of C. sempervìrens in Arb. Brit., 1st
edit., vol. viii.)
Î C. S.2 horizontàlis Mill. Dict. C. horizontàlis N . Du Ham. 3. p. 6. ;
C. expansa Hort. Par.; Cipresso femino I ta l.— Branches spreading,
(S ee the plate of this tree in Arb. Brit., 1st edit., vol. viii.)
There is an old tree of this variety in the Chelsea Botanic Garden,
which by some is considered a species ; and in the Gard. Mag. for
1839, p. 696,, an engraving is given of the Cypress of Mistra, which
appears to be of this variety. The latter, when measured by the Earl
of Aberdeen in 1803, had a* trunk 26 ft. in circumference at 4 ft. from
tiie ground, and appeared to be 150 ft. high.
The cone of the cypress is composed o f large, angular, corky scales, slightly
convex on the outside, streaked in rays, and mucronate in the centre ; be'.'
coming woody and separating when ripe ; on the inside, ending in a thick
angular peduncle, to the extremity of which adhere 4 little nuts, wl.ich are
bony, obovate, compressed, or irregularly angular, and covered with a thin
membranaceous skin of a dun colour. The seed is of a bay colour, and of a
linear-oblong shape. The wood is hard, fragrant, and of a remarkably finf»
3 z