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ARBORETUM ET FRÜT IC E TUM B RITANNICUM.
with 4-cieft stigmas.(jJoii’s i’ri!rt.)
A deciduous shrub. Alps of
Switzerland, Daupliine, and
Carniola. H e ig h t 5 f t. to lOft.
In tro d . 1752. Flowers greenish;
May and Ju n e . Berries black ;
ripe in September.
Variety.
'R.a.2grandifolius{fig.262.)
has much larger leaves
th a n the species. I t forms,
when well grown, a very
striking and liandsome
object, from th e large size
o f its leaves and buds.
This is a very distinct species,
and remarkable for its twisted
leaves. T h e re are strong plants o f
both th e species and th e variety in
th e arb o re tum o f Messrs. Loddiges,
and o f th e variety in th e garden o f
th e H o rt. Soc., which, in 10 years,
have a tta in ed th e height o f 8 ft.,
with numerous sn b erec t branches,
c lothed with a purplish bark.
 h âm n u s Klplnus « ra n d iíó liiu .
A h ám n u s p úm ilu s .
At 13. H. i>u MiLUS Zi». T h e dw a rf B u ck th o rn .
Identification. L in . M an t., 49. ; D o n ’s Mill., 2. p . 32.
S yn o n ym es. R . ru p é s tris Scop. Carn. 1 . 1. 5. ; R an n o spaccasassi, Ita l.
E n g ra v in g s . Scop. C am ., l . t . 5. ; S chm id t A rb., 3 . 1 .155.; an d o u r j%-. 263.
Spec. Char., ^ c . P la n t procumbent, much branched.
Leaves ovate, serra ted , smooth. F low e rs hermaphrodite.
(Dirrit M ill.) A deciduous p rocum bent shrub.
Mounr, Baldo in th e Alps, and Carniola, in th e fissu
re s o f rocks. Height 2 ft. In tro d . 1752. T h e flowers
greenish yellow within and red w ith o u t, th e stamens
white ; J u n e and Ju ly . B errie s black ; ripe in Sept.
T h e p lan t bearing this name in th e Lo n d o n gardens we
have never seen in such a thriving s ta te as to enable us to
decide w h e th er o r n o t it is tru ly distinct.
( ii. Frángula T o u rn .
Id e n tific a tin n . T o u rn . In s t., t. 3S3. ; D e c, P ro d ., 2,
p . 26. ; D o n ’s M ill., 11. p . 32.
Sect. Char. Flowers h e rmaphrodite , rarely
dicecious, 5-cleft, sometimes 4-cleft. Seeds
smooth, compressed, with th e hilum white
and ex se rted , and with th e rap h e lateral,
on th e surface o f th e in n e r te sta . Em b ry o
flat. Leaves membranous, caducous,
quite en tire , lined with approximate p a rallel
nerves. (D o r is M ill.)
f SÉ 14 R. c a r o l i n i a ' n u s WaU. T h e Carolina
B uck th o rn .
Identification. W a lt. C a r., p . 101. ; De c. P ro d ., 2. ]>. 27. ;
D o n ’s M ill., 2. p . 32. ; T o r . a n d Gray, 1. p. 262.
E n g ra v in g . O u r Jig. 264. 4t<S4, A h ám n u » c a ro lin ià n u s .
Spec. Char., 4 c . E re c t. Leaves oval-oblong, almost entire, smooth. Umbels
stalked. F low e rs hermaphrodite. Berries globose. (Doris M ill.) A
deciduous shrub o r tre e . N o rth Carolina to Flo rid a , on th e banks of
rivers. H e ig h t 6 ft. to 8 ft., sometimes a tre e 30 ft. to 40 ft. Introduced
in 1819. Flowers greenish ; May and Ju n e . Berries black ; ripe in
September.
In America this species, th o u g h usually a shrub in N o rth Carolina, is in
Georgia a considerable tre e . Leaves 3 in. to 6 in. long, and 1 in. to 2 in. w id e ;
sometimes acuminate, irregularly s erra ted ; sometimes th e margin is waved.
F ru it as large as a small pea, mostly 3-seeded. (T o r. and Gray.)
SÈ ¥ 15. R . F r a 'n g u l a Z . The breaking B u ck th o rn , or Berry-hearing Alder.
ìdcntificatìon. Uin. Spec.. 280. ; D o n ’s Mill., 2, p . 32.
SuTwnvmes. N e rp ru n B o urgène , A u n e n o ir, F r . ; g lá tte r Wogdorn, G c r. ; Alno n e ro , ÍML
D e rivation. T h e nam e o f F r á n g u la , b re ak in g , is applied to th is species, from th e b rittle n e s s of
R K g r a S g s .'^ E n g . B o t., t. 250. ; OE d . F l, D a n ., t. 278. ; th e p la te o f th e species in Arb. B rit. 1st
ed it., vol. V. ; a n d o u r Jig. 265.
Spec. Char., 4c. Leaves oval, quite entire, lineated with 10 o r 12 lateral
nerves, and, as well as th e calyx, smooth. Flowers hermaphrodite. (Doris
M ill.) A deciduous shrub, or low tree. E u ro p e and p a rt o f Siberia, in
woods and thickets ; n o t uncommon in England, b u t ra re in Scotland.
H eight 3 ft. to 6 ft., wild ; 8 ft. to 10 ft. in British gardens. Flowers whitish,
with purple anthers ; May. Berries dark purple ; ripe in September. D e caying
leaves reddish green. N aked young wood dark
brown.
Variety.
ÜÈ ¥ R. R. 2 angustifòlia H o rt. has na rrow e r leaves.
T h e plant o f this species in th e H o rtic u ltu ral
Society’s Garden is very distinct ; and, in 1835,
was 6 ft. high, after being 10 years planted.
Branches numerous, a lternate, leafy, round, smooth,
and blackish. From a q u a rte r to h a íf an ounce o f the
inner bark, boiled in small beer, is a sharp purge. The
bark dyes yellow, and, with a preparation o f iron, black.
The flowers are particularly grateful to bees. The
charcoal prepared from th e wood is preferred by the
makers o f gunpowder to any other. ses. p. Frángula.
St ¥ 16. R . l a t i f o ' l i u s L'Hérit. T h e broad-leaved Bucktliorn.
Identification. L ’H é rit. S e rt., 5. t. 8 .; D e c. P ro d ., 2. p. 26.; D o n ’s M ill.,
2. p. 32.
E n g ra v in g s . L ’H e rit. S e rt., 5. t . 8. ; D e n d . B rit., t. 11. ; W illd . Ab.
b ild., 1 . 100. ; th e p la te o f this tre e in Arb. B rit., 1st ed it., vol. v . ; an d
o u r f ig . 266.
Spec. Char., 4 c . Leaves elliptical, acuminate, quite
entire, lineated with 12 or 15 lateral nerves ; younger
leaves and calyxes villous. Flowers hermaphrodite.
(D o ris M ill.) A deciduous shrub, with th e habit
o f a low tre e . Azores, on th e mountains o f St.
Michael. Height 1 0 ft. to 15 ft. In tro d u ced in 1778.
Flowers greenish ; Ju ly . Berries black o r red, both
colours appearing on th e same plant a t once ; ripe in '
September.
The leaves are larger th an those o f any o th e r species,
except R. alpinus grandifòlius ; and th e whole plant
is remarkable for its ro b u st appearance, and th e conspicuous
opposite nerves which proceed from th e m iddle "
o f the leaves. I t deserves a place in every collection. îc6. miSmnus u tasiius.
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