r
n o i , u . americhiia.
Leaves
¥ 8. 27. america'na Z. The American Elm.
Identification. Lin. Sp. PI., 327. ; Pursh Sept., 1. n. 199
Synouyines. The whitc Elm, Amer. ; the Caiuuliau Elm, the American white Elm
Èngravmgs. Michx. North Amer. Sylva, 3. t. 12tì. ; and o u r/g , 1401.
Spec._ Char., 4c. Leaf with the petiole 1 in. toLVin. long, and A
hairy with sliort hairs; and the disk unequal at the base,
4 111. to 5 in. long, inclusive of a long acuminate point, 2 in!
to 2^ in. broad, serrate, and mostly doubly so ; the axils
of the veins underneath joined by a membrane. Flowers
peduncled, effuse, purple ; petfimcles sliort, glabrous,
fetamens 5 and 8. Samara fringed at the edge with
hairs, ovate, acute. This species is readily distinguishable
from others by the membrane whicli appears at the '
axis of the vein.s. (iVi/ld.) Young branches brown,
with short very fine hairs. Lcaves deeply green above
iilmost glos.sy, rough ; beneath, pale, downy. Flowers
like those of 27. effusa. A large tree. Nevv England to
Carolina. Height 80ft. to 100ft. Introduced in 1752;
but rarely flowering, and never ripening seeds in England.
Vaiieties.
Í Ü. a. Im bm Ait. Ilort. Kew. i. p. 319.—Branches red.
ovate, rugose, rough.
^ P-319., Marsh, p. 250. ? 27. molHJoUa
{Rccm. et Nc/íh/í.) — Branches whitish. Leaves olilong, rough
1 U. rt. 3 péndula Pursh Sept. i. p. 200., Ait. Iloit. Kew. Í. p. 3T9*
— Branches pendulous.
1 U. a. 4 incìsa Hort. (Plate in Arb. Brit., 1st edit., vol vii ) — This
variety differs from the other varieties, in Iiaving the leaves somewhat
more deeply serrated, and rather smaller, approaching nearer
to those of U. effusa. Horticultural Society's Harden.
y. U. a. 5 folus variegàtis Hort.-Leaves variegated. Hort. Soc. Garden.
The white cim delights in low liiimid situations. The wood is used for the
smne purposra as that of the European elm, but it is decidedly inferior in
suength and hardness; it has also less compactnes.s. and splits more readily.
1 lopagated by grafting on U. montàna, but not common in collections.
Ì 9. U. yu'dva Michx. The tawny-iiii/ifed, or slippery, Ehn.
Identification. Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 172. ; Pursh Sent 1 n 90n
' Ormo gr.is, French o f Canada and Un>cr l.omsitma;
Ensrattnas. Michx, North Amer. Sylva, 3. t. 128. ; and nurfig. 1402.
Syiee. Char., 4c. Resembles the Dutch elm. Branches rough, whitish
Leaves ovate-oblong, acuminate, nearly equal at the base, more or les,s
tati teeth, rugose, very rough, hairy on
both surfaces : .they are larger, thicker, and
rougher than those of U. americàna. Leaf buds
tomentose, with a tawny dense tomentum : they
are larger and rounder than those of U. americana.
Scales of the buds that include the flowers
downy. Peduncles of flowers short. Samara
not fringed, very like that of rt. campéstris ; ,
orbicular, or obovate. (Michx.) Leaves variable
in shape and serratures, but more downy than
the other North American elms. Stamens 3—7
istigmas purplish. Samara, when young, downy
on both sides. A tree bearing a strong resem-
blaime to the Dutch elm. Canada to Carolina.
Height 50 ft. to GO ft. Introduced ? 1815.
Piowers and samara as in preceding species. „o,. a. i,.,rùiv,.
Distingui"hod from the white American elm by its buds, which are largcl
and rounder ; and which, a fortnight before their developement, are covered
"with a russet down. It is less abundant than the white American elm ; and
the two species are rarely found together, as the red elm requires a substantial
soil free from moisture, and oven delights m elevated and open situation/
Tlie heart-wood is coarser-grained and less compact than that of rt. americàna
and is of a dull rod tinge; whence the name of red elm. There are
smali plants bearing the name of rt. fulva, in Loddiges’s arboretum ; but they
are scarcely, if at all, distinguishable from rt. americàna.
Î 10. rt. a i.a 'ta Michx. Tho Wahoo, or Cor/c-winged, Elm.
Identification. Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 173 ; Pursh Sept., l . p. 2U0.
Sm Sm ie s . U- pùmila Walt. Fl. Carol. I l l ; Wahoo, Iifiiaii.i of North
America.
v l n g S i g s . Michx. North Amer. Sylva, 3. t. 127. ; and o u r / - . 1403.
Spec Char 4c. Lcaves like those of Cárpinus Zétulus L. Branches
bearincr two loniiitudinal corky wings. Leaves with short petioles, and
disks that are oblong-oval, narrowed to an acute point, almost equal at the
base toothed. Samara downy, bearing a dense fringe of hairs at the edge.
(Mickv.) A middle-sized deciduous tree. Virginia, Carolina, and Georgia.
Iieight 30 ft. to 40 ft. Introduced in 1820. Flowers and samara as in the
preceding species.
The most remarkable part of this species is, a fungous
apiiendage, two or three lines wide, attached to the branches
throu<diout their whole length ; from which the name of
alata (winged) has been given. The wood is fine-grained,
more compact, heavier, and stronger than that of 27. americana
The heart-wood is of a dull chocolate colour, and
always bears a great proportion to the sap-wood. There
are small plants in Messrs. Loddiges’s collection, winch,
from the leaves, might be taken for those of U. (c.) suberosa
; and the engraving in Michaux. from which fig.
1403 is reduced to our usual scale, closely resembles the
youn^r shoots and leaves of that tree of 27. (c.) suberosa
in the Horticultural Society’s Garden, of which a plate is
given in Arb. Brit., 1st edit., vol. vii.
ELA'NEIU Gmel. T h e P la n e ra . Zm . Polygàmia Monce'cui ; or
Tetr-Pent-ándria Digÿnia.
Michx. North Amer. Sylva, 3. p. 100.
Identification. Gmel. Syst. Nat., 2. p. ?150. ; Ml
Snnonvmes. Dhftmnus Fall., Güldenst. \ £/'lmus,
Derivation. Named in honour . ...... T T T Jof PAlaner, profes ct... le.vCfivthz
£/'lmus, v-aarriioouuss aauutthnoorrss,, aass ttoo tuhnee xP ljaa.niLe-r.«.. /B. icah-.S.-r d?.
eriCation. Named in honour of Planer, professor of botany a t wlio published,
a work entitled Index Plantarum Agri Erfordiensis,in one volume 8vo.
178S,
Fiat . AUIJUI •XC.GI....O, . . . ------
Gcn. Char. Flowers polygamous or monoecious. — Female and
flowers. Calyx bell-shaped, distinct from the ovary, mcmbranons gicui,
of one piece, but having 5-ciliate lobes. Stamens m the bisexual flowei
4—5, less developed than those in the male flower g va ry top-Ai.xiifr
villous. Stigmas 2, sessile, rt.-toi rouiulish, p o n ited ^y .—
Calyx as in thc female and bisexual flowers. Stamens 4 - o . (G.
i,.«res Sim,lie, alternate, stipulate or exstipulate, deciduous ; toothed,
feather-nerved. Flowers small, greenish. Friut small, ‘
caying leaves yellowish green.—Trees, "»‘'.'¡re £
Ainerica, with the aspect of the honibeanq / d .7
with that tree or the elm Bark scalmg off hke that ol the I latanus. 1 lopagated
by grafting on the elm, or by layers m any common soil.
3 A 3