a d a d é s c a L i n d l . in E n c . o f P l a n t s , p . 8 4 0 .; ? P . m a r y l à n d i c a S o s c N o u v . C o u r s , a r t. P e u p lie r ,
p 409 • V i r g in i a n P o p l a r , Sw is s P o p l a r , C a n a d i a n o r B e r r y - b e a r i n g P o p l a r , M ill. ; P e u p l ie r
S u i s s e , P e u p l i e r t r i p h i l o n ( s e e C o w n ) , P e u p l i e r d e V i r g in ie , D m?«owL
D e r i v n ti o n . T h e e p i t h e t n e c k la c e b e a r in g a llu d e s t o th e s h a p e o f th e f em a le c a tk in s , %yhich, m th e i r
c a p s u le s , a n d th e m a n n e r in w h ic h t h e s e a r e a t t a c h e d t o th e r a c h i s , r e s em b le sri-in g s o f b e a d s .
S w is s p o p la r , a n d b la c k I t a l i a n p o p la r , a l lu d e to t h e t r e e b e in g v e r y a b u n d a n t in S w i t z e r l a n d a n d
2%e B o u f s e x e s a r e f r e q u e n t in B r i ti s h c o lle c t io n s , b u t t h e m a le is m o s t a b u n d a n t . T h e
f em a le is f ig u r e d a n d d e s c r ib e d b y W a t s o n ( s e e D e n d . B r i t . , 1 . 1 0 2 .) , w h o h a s f ig u r e d s om e p a r t s
o f t h e m a le f low e r in t h e s am e p la te . B o t h m a le a n d f em a le a r e a b u n d a n t m F r e n c h g a r d e n s ;
t h e m a le is k n o w n b y th e p e t io le s o f th e le a v e s b e in g r e d , w h ile th o s e o f th e f em a le a r e w h ite .
E n g r a v in g s . M ic h x . A r b . , t . lO . f . 2 . ; N . A m e r. S y l ., 2 . t . 9 6 . f . 2 . ; W a t s . D e n d . B i i t . , 2 . 1 . 1 0 2 .;
t h e p la te s o f t h i s t r e e in A rb . B r i t . 1 s t e d i t . , v o l.
a n d o u r j
1502.
Spec. Char., f r . Slioot move ov less
angular.
Branch round. Petiole
slender, compressed in th e upper p a r t ; in some leaves, sh o rter than the
disk, in o the rs longer. Disk deltoid, glanded a t th e base, wiiich is subtip
; the te e th liave incurved points ; glabrous >
edge, which, a t least wlien th e leaf is growing, is ciliate ; edge ultimately
and perhaps early, gristly. Male flowers about 30 in a catkin, upon pedicels.
Brac tea glabrous. Stamens 16, a little longer th an th e corolla.
Female flowers about 40 in a catkin. Stigmas 4, dilated, jagged. I t is
ra th e r doubtful to what country this poplar is indigenous ; Canada is given
as its native country in th e Hortus Kewensis; b u t in th e Nouveau du^ Hamel
it is s tated to be a native o f Virginia. Michaux, Jun., states th a t neither he
nor his father ever found it wild in America ; and P u rsh adds th a t he has
only seen it in th a t country in gardens. According to th e Hortus Kewensis,
it was introduced into Britain by Dr. Jo h n Hope, in 1772. I t is
a tre e, according to P u rsh , from 6 0 ft. to 7 0 ft. high in America; b u t in
Britain it grows to th e height o f 100 or 120 ft., o r upwards ; flowering in
March, and ripening its seeds about th e middle o f May. Decaying leaves
greenish yellow, o r rich yellow.
Varieties. , , , t í i rr .
¥ P . (?£.) in. 2 Lindlcyàaa Booth. T h e new waved-leaved Po p la r, Hort.
Leaves ra th e r larger than in th e species, and they are soincwiiat
more undulated. H. S. • , .
¥ P. (n .) m. 3 foliis variegàtis H o r t.— Leaves variegated; conspicuous in
early spring, b n t afterwards unsightly.
P. monilífera is th e most rapid-growing o f
all th e poplars ; and its timber is equal, if not
superior, in quality to th a t of any oth e r
species. I t comes into leaf, in th e climate of
London, in th e la st week o f April, or in the
beginning o f May, long after the P . fastigiàta,
b u t about th e same, time as P . nigra, o f which
we believe it to be only a variety, about which
time th e male catkins have chiefly dropped off.
Tiie cottony seed o f th e female is ripe about th e
middle o f May, and is so abundant, even in
young trees, as to cover the ground under them
like a fall o f snow. Th e ra te o f growth, in the
climate o f London, on good soil, is between
30 ft. and 40 ft. in 7 years ; even in Scotland
it has attained th e height o f 70 ft. in 16
years. The wood may be applied to th e
same purposes as th a t o f th e species previously
1502. P. <n.) monilífera
described ; but, being o f larger dimensions,
it may be considered as b etter fitted for being used in buildings. P o n tey
observes th a t th e tre e is not only an astonishingly quick grower, b u t that
its stem is remarkably straight ; and th a t, with very trifling atten tio n to side
pruning, it may be k ep t clear o f branches to any required height. F o r these
T l
reasons, he considers it th e most profitable o f all trees to plant in masses in
a fertile soil, I'ather moist. At Fontainebleau, th e female tre e bears fertile
seeds, from which many thousand plants come up annually in th e w’alks, and
are mostly destroyed, though some varieties have been selected from them.
¥ 11. P . f a s t i g i a ' t a Desf. T h e fastigiate, or Lombardy, Po p lar.
Id e n tific a tio n . D e s f . H is t. A r b . , t . 2. p . 46.5.
S y n o n ym e s . P . d i l a t à t a A i t . H o r t. K e w . 3 . p . 406. ; P . n i g r a i t á l i c a D u H o i H a r b k . 2 . p . 141. ; P .
itá lic a Ma en ch W c is s e n s t . 7 9 . ; P . i t á l i c a d i l a t à t a W illd . ; P . p y r am i c ià ta H o r t . ; P . p a n n ó n ic a
ja c q . ; P ~ . i t á l i c a v . c a r o l in e n s is C y p r e s s P o p l a r , T u r i n P o p l a r . P o P o p l a r ; P e u p l i e r
d ’lU l ie , P e u p l i e r p y r am i d a l, F r . ;
.om b a rd i s c h e P a p p e l , I t a l i a n i s c h e P a p p e l, G e r , ; P io p p o
C y p r e s so , I ta l.
T h e 'S e x e s . P l a n t s o f t h e m a le a r e p l e n t i f u l in E n g l a n d . T h e f em a le is k n o w n to b e e x t a n t in
L om b a rd y , w h e n c e w e r e c e iv e d d r i e d s p e c im e n s a n d s e e d s in N o v em b e r , 1836. (S e e G a r d . M a g .,
v o l. x ii . ) M. C . A . F i s c h e r , in :p e c t o r o f t h e U n iv e r s i ty B o t a n ic G a r d e n , G o t tin g e n , f o u n d , in
1827, a s in g l e p l a n t o f t h e f em a le , a f t e r h a v in g m a n y y e a r s b e f o r e s o u g h t f r u i t le s s ly fo r i t , am o n g
m a n y th o u s a n d s o f p la n ts a r o u n d G o t tin g e n . (S e e G a r d . M a g ., v o l. v i. p . 419, 4 2 0 .)
E n g r a v m g s . T h o u i n a n d J a u m e S t . H i l a i r e , t . 152. ; th e p la te s in A rb . B r i t . , 1 s t e d i t . , v o l. v i i . ; a n d
o u r / g . 1503. in w h ic h a r e p r e s e n t s t h e f em a le c a tk in s w ith t h e b lo s s om s e x p a n d e d ; b , th e f em a le
c a tk in s w ith s e e d s r ip e ; c , a p o r t io n o f th e f em a le •• • ................................................................ -
th e n a tu r a l s i z e ; a n d e , a s in g l e f low e r m a g n if ie d .
1503. P. fastigiàta.
Spec. Char., S/c- P etio le compressed. Disk o f le a f deltoid, wider than
long, crenulated in th e whole o f th e edge, even th e base ; glabrous upon
both surfaces. Leaves in th e bud involutely folded. A iastigiate tree.
! 11
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