tough rods are required. Various other sorts might be mentioned ; but these
we consider as by far the most valuable.
As gardenesque objects, all the shrubby species of willow, as well as the
trees, will have most effect when trained to a single stem, if only to the height
ot 2 or 3 feet. This alone gives them the character of art. All the trailing
sorts, such as S. herb'/ea, S. reticulàta, &c., to be truly gardenesque, oughì
to be grafted standard high for the same reason. For picturesque decoration
in artificial scenery, all the upright shrubby and tree willows maybe scat-
tered or grouped along the margin of water ; and all the creeping or trailin»-
kinds placed on rockwork, and left to take their natural shapes. Such specie?
of willow as S. pentandra, S. lucida, and one or two others, from having little
of the aspect common to the willow family, and, consequently, their forms not
being associated with the idea of moist soil or water, may be placed near a
house, or in a shrubbery or flower-garden, on account of their fragrance and
earfy blossoms; but this cannot be recommended with respect to willows in
general, which, whether as shrubs or trees, always convey the idea of the
vicinity of water or of marsiiy ground.
The great master in the genus Sàlix, considered in a botanical point of view,
IS Protessor Koch ; but, m the present state of our knowledge of this genus
111 Britain, we have deemed it best to follow Mr. Borrer, whose groups have
been adopted by Sir W. L Hooker, and almost all other Britisli bítanists.
Hiose who wish to study Koch’s arrangement will find it given at length in
the Ari B n t 1st edit., p. 1486. and 1633., in which is also given the arrangc-
ment of Plooker. Our descriptions in this abridgement are necessarily exceed-
mgly brief, and we must, therefore, refer the reader who wishes to enter into
the subject at length to our 1st edition, in which p. 14S3. to p. 1636. are occu-
pied with the genus Sallx In the present edition, through the kindness of
Mr. Borrer, we have indicated the principal species which represent each
gioup, immediately after the characteristic feature ofthat group.
Group i. Purpúrete Koch, Borrer.
Osier Willows, with one Stamen in a Flower. The principal species, accordinoto
Mr. Borrer, are !. 4. and 6. °
Filament I bearing an anther of 4 lobes and 4 cells ; or, in S. rùbra, forked
and each branch bearing an anther of 2 lobes and 2 cells. Germen sessile’
Catkins veiy compact. — Trees of low stature, or shrubs with twiggy
branches, and leaves that are more or less lanceolate, and serrated and often
(rt? r Z T / t ■ T?T‘"' ““''f '’t e 'a re"- ""ter ( H o o * . B , . t i . ) Tlie leaves of nearly ail of the kinds of this gro’nn turn
Mack in drying. The inner bark of most of the kinds included in thisri-oup
m extiemely bitter which renders the plants suitable for banks of rivers
!nL:is fr¿¡rrarintft ™ prevents thes!
s 1. S. p u e p u ' r e a L . The purple Willow.
F,„g. Bo.„ t. 13,8. ; H.w„e Abblkl., 1. 169. ; o u r * . ,433. ; „ „ d * , . i„ p.
U3 3. S. p u n '
Spec Char., f r . Branches trailing, decumbent. Leaves
partly opposite, obovate-lanceolate, serrated, very smooth,
narrow at the base. Stamen 1. Stigmas very short,
ovate, nearly sessile. (Smith.) A shrub. Britain. Height
3 ft. to 4 ft. in a wild state ; 5 ft. in cultivation. Flowers
yellow ; March and April ; earlier than the foliage.
Varieties. Koch, in his De Salicibus Europoeis Commentatio,
has described six ; but he includes the S. hèlix and
Lambertia'M (to be described as species below) as two
of them. See Arb. Brit., 1st edit.
Branches of a rich and shining purple, with a somewhat
glaucous hue, and much esteemed for the finer sorts of
basketwork.
SÉ Ï 2. S . h e ' l i x L . The Helix, or Bose, Willow.
1. p. 11.
S x Lev S rm u c h too thick, lilr. Borrer having only seen the male of S. hèlix, and the
te liî'e of S. Lamhertidiio, is inclined to regard them as the two sexes of one species,
£ f - l r i n g s . Eng, Dot., t. 1343., the male plant ; Hayne Abbiid., t. 170. ; a n d * . 2. m p. 791
free Char fr .. Branches erect. Leaves partly opposite, oblong-lanceolate,
pointed, slightly serrated, very smooth ; linear towards the bate. Stamen
1 Style nearly as long as the linear divided stigmas. (Smith.) A low,
upright, deciduous tree, Britain. Height 10ft. to 12 ft. Flowers yellow ;
March and April.
Branches smooth, polished, of a pale yellowish or purpliffi ash colour,
touch and pliable; less slender and elongated than those of S. purpurea,
though useful for the coarser sorts of basketwork. The branches, which are
vellow and the mode of growth, which is erect, render this species easily
distinguishable from the preceding. The name rose-willow rel/e s to roselike
expansions at the ends of the branches, which are caused by the deposition
of the egg of a cynips in the summits of the twigs, m consequence of
which they shoot out into numerous leaves, totally different m shape from the
other leaves of the tree, and arranged not much unlike those coiiiposmg the
flower of a rose, adhering to the stem even after the others fall off ; on this
account this is a very desirable species.
m 3. S. LAMBERTjJwd Smith. Lambert’s, or the Boyton, Willow,
Identijlcation. Smith Eng, F l. 4 p. 199. ; Hook. Er. Fl.. ed. 3. p. 417.
f c r ; - là t'h ïïX r a d T Î ê î * « ¿1 ta l. Wob. Mr. Borrer hat only seen the female of
Spec Char f r . Branches erect. Leaves partly opposite, obovate-lanceolate,
pointed, serrated, smooth ; rounded at the base. Stipules none. Stamen 1.
Stigmas ovate, obtuse, notched, very short, nearly sessile. (Smith.) A low
tree of the size and habit of S. hèlix, but very distinct from it at first
sicht, particularly in the tender summits of the young growing branches,
which, with their purplish glaucous hue, and some degree of downiness,
resemble those of a honeysuckle.
æ 4. S. WoollgarW.va Borr. Woollgiir’s Willow.
frfa IS '? l „ c l I t1 o r „ r a h 4 k'tad, puhllshid in E r i - f r t . S™ . suhseqaontly to the publication of
If
‘ ,{
Spec. Char., 4c. Erect. Lcaves cnneate-lanceolate, serrated, glabrous. Sta