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ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM.
summer’s shoots with the leaves on, will root in a vessel of water
in a very few weeks : and, if an inch of soil be placed at the bottom
of the vessel, the fibres will root into it, and the plants may be
used as if they had been struck in the usual manner. Layers,
put down in moist soil, root the first year.
1 T. sempervìrens Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 2. t. 64. Our flg.
2007. — Leaves distichous, linear, acute, evergreen, coriaceous,
glabrous, opaque. (Lamb.) An evergreen tree. Discovered by
Mr. Menzies, on the north-west coast of America, in 1796; and
immense trees of it were seen by Dr. Coulter in 1836; but it has
not yet been introduced. I t will probably prove hardy ; and, in
that case, its introduction would be exceedingly desirable.
G e n u s X II.
L a _ j
./U N I 'P E R U S Zi. Th e J u n ip e r . Lin. Syst. Dioe'cia Monadélphia.
Itlentificatian. Lin. Gen., No. 1134. ; Juss., 413. ; Lamb. Pin. 2.
Synonymes. Sabina Bank, j Cèdrus Tourn. ; Genévrier, Fr. ; Wachholder, Ger. ; Ginepro lu d
JJerivalion.^ From ju n ep ru s. rough or rude. Cell., the plants of this genus being stiff sh rib s ; or
Iromjumores pnrtens, from the young and old leaves being on the tree a t the same time, or with
reference to the young fruit being produced before the old fruit drops off.
Gcn. Char. Male flowers in axillary or terminal catkins. Pollen of each
flower in 3—6 cases, attached to the basal edge of the scale, and prominent
from it.—L'emnle floiccrs in axillary catkins, resembling a bud ; consisting
of 13 fleshy ovaries ; bracteated at the base. Ovules 1 to an ovary. The
ovaries coalesce, and become a fleshy juicy strobile, resembling a berry.
Seeds 1—3, each obscurely 3-cornered, and having 5 gland-bearing pits
towards the base. ( (7. Dok.)
Leaves simple, opposite or ternate, exstipulate, evergreen ; narrow,
rigid, and not rarely minute and scale-shajied. Flowers yellowish, from the
colour of the pollen.—Trees evergreen, low, or shrubs; natives of Europe,
Asia, Africa, and North America ; mostly hardy in British gardens.
The wood of all the species is more or less aromatic, and very durable. The
species, with the exception of three or four, which have grown to some size,
and ripened fruit in England, are very imperfectly known to British cultivators '
and, probably, some of those kinds which we have given as distinct species
may prove not to be so, 'We could not, however, avoid this, from the impossibility
of seeing any plants of many of the kinds, but those which were
quite young. All the species are readily propagated by seeds, which retain
their vitality, when kept in the berry, for several years ; and, when sown,
lie one year, and often two years, before they come up. They may also be
increased by cuttings, planted in sandy soil, in a shady situation, in the autumn,
and covered with a hand-glass during winter ; or by layers. The species in
British gardens are thus arranged ; —
§ i. Oxÿcedri. — Leaves spreading in the adult Plants, .
A. Natives of Europe.
1. commùnis. 2. Oxjcedrus. 3. macrocárpa.
B. Native of Asia.
4. drupàcea.
C. Native of North America.
5. virginica.
ii. Sabina:. — Leaves imbricated in the adult Plants.
6. Sabina.
10. excélsa.
LXXVII. c o n T f e r t e ; j u n i ' p e r u s .
15. tetragona.
IG. fláccida.
17. mexicana.
A. Natives of Furope.
1081
7. phoenicea. 8. lycia. 9. thurifera.
B. Natives of Asia.
II. squamata. 12. recurva. 13. chinénsis.
C. Native of South America.
14. uvifera,
iii. Species of ivhich little is known.
18. dealbàta. 21. BedfordidM.
19. flagellifórmis. 22. Hudsonidna.
20. gossanthanea.
§ i. Oxÿcedri. — Leaves spreading in the adidt Plants. D. Don.
A. Natives of Europe.
« 1. .7. c o m m u 'n i s Z/. The common Juniper.
Identification. Lin Sp. Pl., 1470. : Engl. l io r ., 4. p. 25!. ; N. Du Ham 6 d 46
P B Y e n é „ l e v c o .r a u a ,
fr:S’: ' '2 S r iÄ t r i ' s L ' . ’“ ' ‘ ft-'" tal4. to o u ru s u a l reale; and
fo'®»''»® “ spreading, mucronate. Berries longish.
(WtUd.) An evergreen shrub. Europe, on the sides of hills and in sindy
P“*™®' t e America and Asia, Height 5 ft. to 10 ft., rarely
15 ft Flowers whitish yellow, from the pollen; ripening in May. Fruit
purple or black ; ripe the following spring. r o j
Varieties.
• J. c. 1 vulgàris Park. Theat. 1029. J. v. fruticósa Bauh. Pin. p. 488 •
J. c. erectis Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept. ii. p. 646.—Leaves, according ri’
Hiyne, gin. in length. A bushy shrub, from 3ft. to Sft. high; but,
m favourable situations, grovring much higher.
* rt N ,fofo°®'- fo^»'®- ed- 2- V. p. 414. ? J . c. fastigiàta
Des Moulins Cat, des Plantes de la Dordogne; J. stricta Hort. ; J.
suecica MiU. Dict. No. 2. ; vulgàris àrhor Bauh. ; the Swedish,
or Tree, Jumper, (flg. 2 008) — Leaves spreading and acute,
1 in. m length ; branches erect, with oblong fruit. This kind was
supposed by Miller to be a species
because he found it always come
true from seed. It generally attains
the height of 10 or 12 feet, and
sometimes o f 16 or 18 feet ; in the
Forest o f Fontainebleau, it has a ttained
the height of 50 ft., and '
tables, cabinets, and other pieces '
of furniture have been made from ^
its timber. The branches ai*e more
erect than those of the common
juniper ; the leaves are narrower,
they end in more acute points, and
are placed farther asunder on the
branches ; the berries are also
larger and longer. It is a native
of France, Sweden, Denmark, and
, .. Norway, and is in common cnlti-
.c. suecica. vatioii in British nui sei’ies.
2009. J . c. nàna.
J. rt. 3 neinn Willd. Sp, Pl. iv. p. 854. ,7. commùnis/S Fl. Br. 1086.;