¿?e n e ' c i o Lesshig. Receptacle naked, or alveolate. Styles penciled. Pappus
pilose, caducous.
Muti' sZzJ Cav. Receptacle naked. Achenia somewhat beaked. Pappus of
many series, feathery.
With tho exception of i^accharis, there is scarcely a plant belonging to
the order Compositae which is truly ligneous, and at the same time hardy in
British gardens, and sufficiently bulky for a general arboretum. Where an
arboretum is jilanted on a lawn, and where it is not intended to cultivate the
soil about the roots of the plants, there is not a single genus in this order, with
the exception of that mentioned, which could with propriety be introduced.
Even the common southernwood, if not planted in dug soil or on rockwork,
would soon become stunted, and would ultimately die off. Nevertheless, in a
technical enumeration of trees and shrubs, these species could not be omitted.
G e n u s 1.
STÆ H E L I'N /l Lessing. T h e S t æ i i e l i x a . Lin. Syst. Syngenèsia
Æquàlia.
Identification. Lessing Synops. Gen. Compos., p. 5. ; Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., vol. 4. p. 512.
Synonyme. Stoeheline, F t\ and Ger.
Derivation. So named iii honour of John Henry Stishelin, and his son Benedict, Swiss botanists
and physicians.
Geii. Char., ifc. Heads homogamoiis, equal-flowered. Involucrum cylindrical,
the scales imbricated and adpressed. Receptacle flat, paleaceous ; the
paleæ narrow, persistent, hardly concrete at the base. Corolla 5-cleft, regular.
Filament glabrous. Anthers appendiculate at top, bisetose at the
base; the tails more or less bearded. Style bearded on the thickened part.
Stigmas concrete at base, and free at apex, obtuse. Fruit oblong, areolate
at apex. Pappus in one series, the hairs combined at the base into 4 or 6
bundles. (G .D on.)
Leaves simple, alternate, exstipulate, evergreen ; linear, hoary or silky
beneath Flowei's in terminal spikes, usually naked. — Subshrubs, evergreen
; South of Europe , of easy culture in dry soil, and propagated by
cuttings or seeds.
tt. 1. S. d u ' b i a L. The doubtful, or Rosemary-
leaved, Stælielina.
Identification. Lin. Sp,, 1176. ; Less. Syn. Gen. Compos., p. .5. :
Willd. Sp. P)., 3. p. 1783.
Synonyme. S. i'osmarinifôlia Cass., according to Less. Syn. Gen.
Compos., p. 5.
Engravmgs. Ger. Prov., p. 190. t. G.; T,am. III., 666. f. 4. ; and
o u r/g . 1017.
Spec. Char., 4<Z' Leaves sessile, linear, finely
toothed, tomentose beneath. Inner bracteas
of the involucre lanceolate, elongate. (WUld.)
An evergreen undershrub. South of Europe.
Height 2 ft. to 3 ft. Cultivated in 1640. Flowers
purple, fragrant; June and July.
G e n u s I I .
1017. Strelielina dùbia.
SA 'CCH A RIS R. Br. T h e B a c c i i a r i s , or P l o u g h m a n ' s S p i k e n a r d .
Lin. Syst. Syngenèsia Superflua.
Identification. Less. Syn, Gen. Compos., p. 204. ; Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., vol. 5. p. 25.
Synonymes. Bacchante, Fr.x Baccharis, Ger.
X L J I . COMHO S 1 T Æ : ifA C C H A R lS . 5 47
Derivation. From Bacchus, ■wmQ; because of the vinous odour of its root. Pliny says the root
smells of cinnamon : but as the ancients sometimes boiled down their wines, and mixed them with
spices, these wines may have had an odour similar to that of the root of the baccharis.
Gen. Char., dfc- Heaas many-flowered, dioecious. Corolla homogamous, tubular.
Receptacle naked, seldom subpaleaceous. Involucrum subhemisplierical, or
oblong, in many series, imbricated. Corollas of the male flowers 5-cleft,
dilated at the th ro a t; anthers exserted, tailless; more or less abortive.
Corolla of the female flowers filiform, subtruncate ; style bifid, exserted ;
anthers wanting. Achenia generally furrowed, or ribbed. Pappus pilose, of
the male in one series, of the female in one or many series. (G. Don.)
Leaves simple, alternate, exstipulate, deciduous ; oblong lanceolate,
notched, serrated, or entire. Fhnuers terminal.— Shrubs, of short duration ;
natives of North America; of common culture and propagation.
Sfe 1. -ß. îTalimifo'lia L. The Sea-Purslane-leavcd Baccharis, or the
Groundsel Tree.
Identification. Lin. Sp., 1204. ; Willd. Sp. P l., 3. p. 1915.
S'-inonyme. Senccio arboréscens llo rt. Kew.
Engravings. Schmidt Baum., t. 82. ; Uu Ham. Arb., t. 35. ; and our
ß g . 1018.
Spec,. Char., c^c. Leaves obovate, crenately notched
on the terminal portion. (Willd.) A large rambling
shnib. Maryland to Florida, on the sea coast. Height
8ft, to 10 ft. Inti'oduced in 1683. Flowers white,
with a tint of purple, and resembling those of the
groundsel, but larger ; September to November.
Chiefly remarkable for the glaucous hue of its
leaves, in consequence of the whole plant being covered
with a whitish powder. Its general appearance
accords with that of the genus A'triplox, and the
shrubs of both families are, accordingly, well calculated
for being grouped together. Äiccharis /¿ali-
niifòlia will grow in any common soil which is
tolerably dry, attaining the height of 6 or 8 feet in
3 or 4 years ; and forming a large, loose-headed,
rohust-looking bush, of from 10 ft. to 12 ft. in height,
and 12 or 15 feet in diameter, in 10 years. Cut-
tings, in dry soil and an open situation. ,„,g
Jl 2. B. (h.) a n g u s t i f o ' l i a PwHi. The narrow-leaved Baccharis, or
Ploughman’s Spikenard.
Identification. Pursh Sept., 2. p. 523.
Eiigraving. Oar Jig. 1019. from a specimen in the Lambertian herbarium.
Spec. Char., Sjc. Leaves narrow, linear, entire. Panicle compound,
many-flowered. Involucre small. (Ptirsh.) A sub-
evergreen shrub, of less vigorous growth, and somewhat
more tender, than the preceding species. Carolina to
Florida, on the sea coast, and on the hanks of the Mississippi.
Height 3 ft. to 4 ft. Introduced in 1812. Flowers white; July
to September«
Neither the flowers nor the leaves of this or the preceding
species can be said to be either beautiful or ornamental; partly,
because they, as well as tlie seeds, boar a strong general resemblance
to the leaves, flowers, and seeds of the common
groundsel, a weed of tiresome occurrence in gardens, and with
which all our associations are the reverse of those of rarity or eleo-ance.
Add also that groundsel trees can hardly be considered as truly ligneous plants,
for wliich reason we consider them wanting in that dignity of character which
belongs to all plants truly woody.
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