1084 ARBORETUM ET FRUTTCTEUM BRITANNICUM.
shrub. Greece. Height 10ft. to 12ft. Introduced in 1838, or before;
flowering in May and June.
The leaves are like those o f J . Oxjcedrus, but the berries are twice as large,
and black, covered with a violet bloom ; a handsome plant, though very
probably only a variety o fO x y c e d r u s .
B. Na tive o f Asia.
» n. 4. J . d r u p a 'c e a La b ., N . D u Ham. The drupaceous, or large-fruited.
Juniper.
Identification. Lablllard. Icon. Plant. Syr. Dec., 2. p. 14. ; Mart. Mill., No. I I . ; Desfont. Hist, des
Arb. et Arbris. 2. p. 558.
Synonyme. J . màjor Bellon Obs. 2. p. 162. . , „ . ^
Eneravings. Clus. Icon. ; Lablllard. Icon. ; onr fig. 2018. reduced to our usual scale from the figure
ot La Biliardière ; a n d /g . 2019., which shows the scales of the fru it much opener thau is usual in
Ju n ip eru s ; it is, however, a correct copy of the original.
2018. J . dru p ac ea .
Spec. Char., Leaves in threes,
spreading, acute, three times shorter
than the fruit. Nut 3-celled. (Labil-
Uird.) An evergreen shrub. Syria.
Introduced in 1820 ; but we have only
seen young plants. 2019. j. drupàcea. ^
C. N a tiv e o f N orth America.
1 5. J . v i r g i n i a 'n a L . The Virginian Juniper, or R e d Cedar.
Identification. Lin. Sp. Pi., 1471. ; Michx. N. Amer. Syl., 3. p. 222.
Synonymes. J. màjor americàna R a ii Hist. 1413. ; J. màxima, &c., Sloan; Ginepro di Virginia.
Engravings. Michx. N. Amer. Syl., 3. t. 155. ; th e plates of this tree in Arb. Brit., 1st edit., vol.
viii. 5 and o u r / g . 2020.
Spec. Char.,8¡c> Leaves in threes, the three growing together a t the base ;
young ones imbricated, old ones spreading. ( Willd.) An evergreen tree.
Maine to Georgia, in woods and plains. Height 40 ft. to 50 ft. ; in England,
30 ft. to 40 ft. Introduced before 1664 ; flowering in May, and ripening its
dark blue fruit in October.
Varieties.
1 J. V . 2 hùmilis Lodd. Cat. ed. 1836. — Habit dwarf.
i J. 15. 3 caroliniàna. J. caroliniàna D u Roi, M ill. D id . No. 2. — Miller
says that the lower leaves of this kind are like those of the Swedish
ju n ip e r; but that the upper leaves are like those of the cypress;
while in the Virginian cedar all the leaves are like those of the
juniper. (S e e p . 1082.)
Other Varieties. The red cedar varies exceedingly from seed. At White
LXXVI I . c o n i ' f e r æ ; j u n i ' p e r u s . 1085
Knights, where there are some hundreJs of trees, some are low and spreading,
and others tall and fastigiate ; some bear only male blossoms, and
others only female ones. The foliage, in some, is of a very light hue ; in
others, it is glaucous ; and in some a very dark green. The fruit, also, varies
considerably in size ; but, perhaps, the most striking variety is one in which
the branches are decidedly pendent. Miller mentions a variety which has
leaves like a cypress. There are a great many varieties at Elvaston Castle ;
and some with glaucous foliage of very great beauty.
The rate of growth, in the climate of London, is 10 or 12 feet in ten years ;
and the duration of the tree is upwards of a century. The name of red cedai
has reference to the heart-wood of this tree, which is o f a beautiful red, while
2Ü20. J . virgüiiàna.
the sap-wood is perfectly white. I t is imported into England for the manufacture
of black-lead pencils ; though the Bermuda jumper is preferred for
that purpose. In Britain, the red cedar is not planted as a timber tree ; though,
from the size which it attains in deep dry sandy soils, it might be worth while
to plant it in masses for this purpose. As an ornamental tree or large shrub,
it is highly valued, either for planting singly on lawns, or in groups along with
other trees and shrubs. I t is more especially adapted for grouping with other
Cupréssinæ, the pine and fir tribe, and the yew.
J. bermudiàna L. and J. nepalénsis Hort. (Cupréssus nepalénsis Hort.) are
described in our first edition.
§ ii. Sabznoe. — Leaves o f the adult Plant imbricated. D. Don.
A. Natives of Europe.
tt 6. J. ¿ a b i 'n a . The common Savin.
Identificaiion. Lin. Sp., 1472. ; Desf. Hist, des Arb., &c., 2. p. 559.