England, Wales, on the Grampians, Scotland, and in W. Ireland.—
B. M. Bradgate Park, Leicestershire; near Buxton, Derbyshire;
Dolgelly and Cader Idris, Merioneth ; near Douglas, Isle of Man ;
Eskdale, Cumberland ; Ben Lawers and Craig Calliarch, Perthshire ;
Morrone, Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Glen Nevis, Invernessshire;
near Kylemore, Connemara, Galway.
33. B. deludens A. L. Sm.—Thallus determinate thin, firm,
cracked, whitish (Kf + yellowish, OaCl — ) ; hypothallns thin,
black. Apothecia rather large, plane, innate and circumcissed,
obtusely margined, black ; hypothecium brown ; paraphyses subdiscrete,
regular, brown or violet-brown a t the clavate apices,
the epithecium blackish (K + purplish) ; spores ellipsoid, dark-
hrown, with a hyaline epispore, 0,022-27 mm. long, 0,008-13 ram.
thick ; hymenial gelatine deep-blue with iodine.—Lecidea deludens
Nyl. in Flora Ivi. p. 296 (1873) ; Cromb. in Grevillea ii.
p. 90 ; Leight. Lich. FL ed. 3, p. 323.
The apothecia usually scattered, are occasionally 2-3-confluent,
the margin then being obliterated.
Hah. On quartzose stones in an alpine situation.—B. M. Summit
of Cairn Gowar, Blair Athole, Perthshire (the only locality).
34. B. confervoides Krempelh. Lich.-Fl. Bay. p. 200 (1861).
—Thallus effuse, greyish- or brownish-white, thin, tartareous,
areolate, the areolæ small, contiguous or scattered, plane or
slightly convex, hypotballus blackish, usually indistinct. Apothecia
small, black, innate sessile, plane, indistinctly marginate ;
hypothecium blackish-brown ; paraphyses slender, conglutinate,
slightly clavate, and blackish-brown a t the apices ; spores ellipsoid,
a t first colourless, becoming brown, with a hyaline epispore,
0,021-30 mm. long, 0,008-14 mm. thick.—Lecidea atroalhicans
Nyl. in Flora Iviii. p. 363 (1875); Leight. Lich. FI. ed. 3, p. 328.
Distinguished by the smooth thallus and the innate flat apothecia.
Hab. On rocks.—Bistr. Eare in W. Scotland and W. Ireland.—
B. M. Barcaldine, Argyll ; Cloghan, Connemara, Galway.
35. B. hadioatra Koerb. Syst. Lich. Germ. p. 223 (1855).—
Thallus determinate, thickish, areolate or cracked-areolate, the
areolæ plane, brownish or dark-brown (K —, CaCl — , K, CaCl +
tawny-yellow, medulla I — ) ; hypotballus blackish. Apothecia,
innate, plane, thinly margined, black ; hypothecium dark-brown ;
paraphyses coherent or lax, purplish or reddish-brown a t the
slightly clavate apices ; epithecium blackish (K + purplish violet) ;
spores ellipsoid or oblong-ellipsoid, often slightly constricted in
the middle, brown or a t length blackish-brown, with a thin
hyaline epispore, 0,026-36 mm. long, 0,012—18 mm. th ick ;
hymenial gelatine deep-blue with iodine.—Mudd Man. p. 214,
t. 4, f. 81, pro parte. Lecidea hadioatra Floerke ex Spreng.
Neu. Entdeck. ii. p. 95 (1821); Schær. Enum p. I l l ; Gromb.
Lich. Brit. p. 86 ; Leight. Lich. FI. p. 306 ; ed. 3, p. 318.
Hab. On alpine schistose rooks.—Bistr. Eare on the Grampians,
Scotland, and S.W. Ireland.—B. M. Looh-na-gat, Ben Lawers, Perthshire
; Killarney, Kerry.
Var. atrohadia A. L. Sm.'—Differs from the species in the
more scattered thallus and in the more marked radiating hypo-
thallus. Apothecia larger, convex, the epithecium dark-violet-
brown (K +purplish) ; spores oblong, brown, 0,021-30 mm. long,
0,010-14 mm. thick.—Lecidea atrobadia Nyl. in Elora Iv. p. 361
(1872); Cromb. in Grevillea i. p. 62; Leight. Lich. El. ed. 3,
p. 318.
Hab. On a quartzose boulder in an alpine situation.—B. M.
Summits of Ben-y-gloe, Blair Athole, Perthshire (the only locality).
36. B. atroalba Th. Fr. Lich. Arct. p. 230 (1860), pro
parte.—Thallus greenish or brownish, tartareous, determinate,
cracked-areolate, the areolæ plane or convex. Apothecia black
or brownish-black, appressed plane or slightly convex, the margin
thin or disappearing, hypothecum brownish-black ; paraphyses
suhdiscrete, rather stout, slightly clavate and blackish a t the
tips ; spores oblong or oblong-elliptical, slightly constricted a t
the septum, brownish, large, with a hyaline epispore, 0,025-
36 mm. long, 0,012-17 mm. thick.—Lichen atroalbus L. Sp. PI.
p. 1141 (1753)?; Lightf. El. Scot. ii. p. 804 (1777)? (non With.
Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 5 (1796), which is Lecidea aglæa pro parte, fide
Cromb. in Grevillea xii. p. 57 (1883)) ; Ach. Prodr. Lich. Suec.
p. 63 (1798); Engl. Bot. t. 2336 ? Lecidea atroalba Ach. Meth.
p. 45 (1803); Hook. El. Scot. ii. p. 36 & in Sm. Engl. El. v.
p. 174 pro p a rte ; Tayl. in Mackay FL Hib. ii. p. 116 pro p a rte ;
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 86 ; Leight. Lich. FL p. 305 ; ed. 3, p. 317.
Lxsicc. Leight. n. 186.
Differs from the preceding in the thinner, lighter coloured thallus
and in the colour of the epithecium, which does not show any reaction
with potash.
Hah. On maritime and alpine rocks.—Distr. Rare in S. England, “
Wales, E. Scotland and Ireland.—B. M. Torquay, Devon ; Llandyssil,
Cardiganshire ; Cove and Portlethen, Kincardineshire ; Cape Clear
Island and near Cork.
37. B. Parmeliarum Oliv. Exp. Syst. Lich. ii. p. 393 (1903).
—Thallus none. Apothecia minute, subinnate-sessile, convex,
immarginate, black, naked or greenish-pruinose ; hypothecium
brown; paraphyses concrete; spores ovoid-oblong, brown, 0,017-
21 mm. long, 0,007-8 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine not tinged
with iodine.—Lecidea Parmeliarum Sommerf. Suppl. El. Lapp,
p. 176 (1826); Cromb. Lich. Brit. j). 92 ; Leight. Lich. El.
p. 357 ; ed. 3, p. 386. Abrothallus Smifliii Tul. in Ann. Sc. Nat.