Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 282 (1810); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 120;
Leight. Lich. PL p. 441 ; ed. 3, p. 471.
Often confused with A. microspila, owing to the dark-ooloured
thallus which in both occurs in rather small patches.
Hab. On bark of trees.—Distr. Very rare throughout the British
Isles.—B. M. St. Leonard’s Forest, Sussex; Airyholm, Cleveland,
Yorkshire ; Killin, Perthshire.
29. A. Cerasi Massal. Ric. Lich. p. 167 (1852).—Thallus
greyish or brownish, thin, more or less shining, subdeterminate.
Perithecia small, more or less elliptical, numerous, black, shining ;
peritheciai wall dimidiate ; paraphyses breaking up, often
becoming almost obsolete ; spores colourless, elongate-oblong,
blunt a t the ends, 3-septate, 0,015-25 mm. long, 0,004-8 thick.
— Verrucaria Cerasi Ach. Meth. p. 119 (1803); Leight. Lich. PI.
p. 441 ; ed. 3, p. 471.
Distinguished by the shining thallus and the elliptical perithecia,
a character that is sometimes rather obscure.
Hab. On the bark of cherry and other trees.—Distr. Rare in S.
and S.AV. England.—B. M. Hurstpierpoint, Sussex.
30. A. Cromhei A. L. Sm.—Thallus efluse, thin, yellowish- or
reddish-brown, rather shining. Perithecia scattered, small, hemispherical,
immersed, the small poriform ostiole emerging ; peritheciai
wall dimidiate ; asci obovoid-cylindrical, about 0,055 mm.
long, 0,017-20 mm. thick ; paraphyses few, stoutish, entangled ;
spores 8 in the ascus, oblong-clavate, 3-septate, round a t the
ends, almost breaking up into halves, 0,20-22 mm. long,
0,005-6 mm. thick.
Differs from A. suhmicans in the form of the spores and the
presence of paraphyses. The two specimens in the British Museum
were collected at the same locality by Crombie, and one of them was
determined by Nylander as A. grisea Koerb. ; the latter, however, has
1-septate rather fusiform spores.
Hah. On bark of trees (alder).—B. M. Banks of the Garry, Blair
Athole, Perthshire.
31. A. suhmicans A. L. Sm.—Thallus yellowish or pale-
reddish-brown, thin, effuse. Perithecia numerous, small, hemispherical,
shining, black, the ostiole minutely poriform; peritheciai
wall dimidiate ; paraphyses very scanty or none ; asci
obclavate, rather short ; spores 8 in the ascus, linear-oblong or
slightly clavate, 4-guttulate, 1- then 3-septate, colourless, sometimes
becoming brownish, 0,016-22 mm. long, 0,004-6 mm.
thick.— Verrucaria suhmicans Nyl. in Plora Iv. p. 363 (1872);
emend. Leight. Lich. PI. ed. 3, p. 471 (1879).
The spores origmally described by Nylander as 2-celled only,
remain so for a long time, the presence of the large guttulæ also tends
to obscure the additional septa.
Hab. On trees.—Distr. Eare in S. and N. England, Wales and
Ireland.—B. M. Bosnieves, Cornwall; Lyndhurst, New Forest, Hants;
Torquay, Devon; Capel Curig, Carnarvonshire; Ingleby and AVesterdale,
Cleveland, Yorkshire ; near Muckruss, Killarney and Dromore,
Kerry.
Growing on trees ; spores 3-7-septate.
32. A. platypyrenia A. L. Sm.—Thallus effuse, thin, faintly
brownish-yellow. Perithecia black, immersed a t first, hemispherical
depressed, the ostiole a very minute pore ; peritheciai
wall dimidiate; paraphyses branched, soft and irregular or
in d istin c t; spores ellipsoid-oblong, 3-5-septate (rarely 7-septate),
the central cells largest, colourless, sometimes becoming smoky-
brown when old, 0,023-30 mm. long, 0,009-011 mm. th ick .—
Verrucaria platypyrenia Nyl. in Flora xlviii. p. 358 (1865) ;
Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 450; ed. 3, p. 481. V. epidermidis var.
plahjpyrenia Carroll in Journ. Bot. iv. p. 25 (1866) ; Cromb.
Lich. Brit. p. 119 (1870).
Distmguished- by the flattened perithecia and by the peculiar spore
characters.
Hab. On bark of ivy and other trees.—Distr. Eare in S. and
S.AV. Ireland.—B. M. Ballyedmond, Enniskeam and Glenbower,
Cork ; Old Dromore, Kerry.
33. A. chlorococca A. L. Sm.—Thallus green, thickish, sub-
squamulose-granular. Perithecia minute, black, innate, convex
or depressed above, the ostiole a minute p o re ; peritheciai wall
black, thin, scarcely visible under the b a se ; asci ellipsoid rather
sh o r t; paraphyses slender, mucilaginous, disappearing; spores 8
in the ascus, colourless or faintly yellowish, broadly fusiform,
obtuse a t the apices, 5-7-septate, 0,030-37 mm. long, 0,004-5 mm.
thick.— Verrucaria chlorococca Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 484
(1879) emend.
Hab. On mossy bark of tree.—B .M . Stokenchurch, Chiltern Hills,
Oxfordshire (the only locality).
34. A. desistens A. L. Sm.—Thallus scanty. Perithecia
minute, black, prominent, the upper p a rt convex; peritheciai
wall e n tire ; paraphyses none ; spores 8 in the ascus, colourless,
fusiform, 3-5-septate, 0,011-16 mm. long, 0,003-4 mm. th ick ;
hymenial gelatine wine-red with iodine.— Verrucaria desistens
Nyl. in Flora 1. p. 180 (1867); Carroll in Journ. Bot. v. p. 260
(1867); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 122; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 450;
ed. 3, p. 481. Specimen not seen.
Hab. On old trees.—Distr. Eare in S.W. Ireland (Toro Mt.,
Killarney, Kerry).
114. LEPTORHAPHIS Koerb. Syst. Lich. Germ. p. 371
(1855). (PI. 50.)
Thallus crustaceous, thin, usually developed within the bark.