Malvern and Norton, Worcestershire; Birkland, Nottinghamshire;
Nesscliff, Shropshire; Builth, Brecknockshire; Stanton Park, Derbv-
shire ; Ingleby and Kildale, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Craig Forth, near
Stirling ; Blair Athole, Perthshire ; Ardrum Demesne, Cork ; Ballynagarde,
Limerick.
Var. lutescens Mudd Man. p. 230 (1861).—Margins of
apothecia greenish or yellowish pruinose, otherwise similar to
the species.—F. ochrocheila Leight. Lich. PI. ed. 3, p. 406 (1879).
0. mlvella var. lutescens Ach. Syn. p. 77 (1814).
Hab. On trees and branches.—Distr. N. England and W. Ireland.
—B. M. Ayton and Ingleby, Cleveland, Yorkshire; Doughruagh Mts.,
Connemara, Galway.
Var. notha Fr. Lich. Eur. p. 364 (1831).—Apothecia oblong
or roundish, difibrmed, small or large, disc plane or convex, the
margins often obliterated, otherwise as in the species.—Leight.
in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 95 (1854); Mudd Man.
p. 230; f. notha Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 97 (1870); Leight. Lich.
Fl. p. 381 ; ed. 3, p. 404. Lichen nothus Ach. Lich. Suec. Prodr.
p. 19 (1798). Opegrapha notha Ach. Meth. p. 17 (1803) pro
parte ; Sin. Engl. Bot. t. 1890 ; Grev. PI. Edin. p. 352. Alyxoria
notha S. F. Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 504 (1821).
Exsicc. Leight. n. 66.
Connected with the species by intermediate forms, but generally
distinguished by the broader and more rounded apothecia.
Hab. On trees ; rarely on' old palings.—Distr. Coextensive with
the species.—B .M . Lustleigh, Devon; near Bartley Lodge, New
Forest, Hants; Millhill, Middlesex; Epping Forest and Ulting,
Essex; Fishguard, Pembrokeshire; Malvern and Tibberton, Worcestershire
; Bardon Hill, Leicestershire; Montford Bridge, near
Shrewsbury and Llanyblodwell, Shropshire ; Llangollen, Denbighshire
; near Yarmouth, Norfolk ; Bilsdale, Ayton and near Guisbrough,
Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Muckruss Demesne, Killarney, Kerry; Eos-
tellan, near Cork; Adare and near Limerick; near Ballinakill,
Connemara, Galway.
Var. rimalis Fr. Lich. Eur. p. 365 (1831).—Apothecia short
or elongate, simple, straight or flexuose, n a rrow ; disc narrow ;
margins elevated, inflexed ; spores usually 5- sometimes 4-septate.
—Mudd Man. p. 231 pro p a rte ; Leight. Lich. PI. p. 383; ed. 3,
p. 406. 0. rimalis Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 260 (1810). 0. varia
f. herhicola Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 406 (1879). 0, diaphora
var. herhicola Nyl. in Flora Ix. p. 463 (1877).
Exsicc. Leight. n. 192 ; Mudd n. 207.
Hah. On trees, shrubs or ferns ; rarely on wood.—Distr. Common
and coextensive with the species.—B. M. Withiel, Cornwall; Crawley,
Sussex; Epping Forest and Stansted Mountfitchet, Essex ; Gopsall,
Leicestershhe; Kildale and Cleveland, Yorkshire; Malvern, 'Worcestershire
; Craig Tulloch, Blair Athole, Perthshire ; Carrigogunnel,
Limerick ; Doughruagh Mts., Connemara, Galway.
GRAPHIDACEiE 241
17. 0. vulgata Ach. Meth. p. 20 (1803).-T h a llu s effuse,
membranaceous, smooth or cracked and scaly, sometimes pulverulent
greyish-white or brownish. Apothecia prominent
scattered or crowded, varying in size, short and roundish or
oblong, or elongate, slender, linear, sometimes bent and wavy
occasionally b ranched; disc narrow, uniform; margins round,’
inflexed ; hypothecium dark-brown, paraphyses slender, branched
above ; epithecium b row n; spores colourless, elongate, narrowly
W o rm , o-/-septate (rarely 9-septate ?), 0,01-5-29 mm. long,
0 002-4 mm. thick, usually about 0,025-27 mm. long, 0,003 mm.
thick ; spermogones with curved slender spermatia, 0,014-16 mm.
long or shorter, 0,001 mm. thick.—Engl. Bot. t. 1811 : Hook PI
P- i^rev. Fl. Edin
p 3o2 ; Tayl in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 106; Leight. in Ann.
Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 208, t. 5, f. 13a (excl. ff. lithyrga
auAstenza, mcl. var. stenocarpa Leight. I. c. p. 209, f. 13a, 1 (1854))
1 (inch f. stenocarpa); Mudd
Man. p. 232 (incl. vars. stenocarpa Leight. <fe duhia Mudd) •
Cromb Lich. BrR. p. 99 (excl. f. lithyrga). 0. stenocarpa Ach.
Lich. Univ. p. 257 (1810) pro parte. 0. ampliotera Nyl. in Flora
xhx. p. 374 (1866); Leight. in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist, ser 3
XIX p ^406 (1867) & Lich. PI. p. 386 ; ed. 3, p. 410; Cromb!
Lich. B n t. p. 99. O. devulgata Nyl. in Flora Ixii. p. 358 (1879) •
Oromb. in Grevillea vii. p. 113. Lichen vulgatus Ach. Lich’
Suec. Prodr. p. 21 (1798) (excl. syn.). Hysterina vulgata Gray
Nat. Arr. i. p. 506 (1821). / J y
Exsicc Bohl n. 127; Leight. nos. 194, 312 (as 0. duhia
Leight.), 381 ; Mudd n. 211 ; Larb. Lich. Hb. 110.
Distinguished from the preceding species by the form of the
spores, which show considerable variation in length and septation
according to the stage of development. The apothecia vary Weatlv
in size, being sometimes very long and numerous (f. stenocarpa)
though usually both short and long fruits occur on the same specimen,
ib e thallus, usually browmsh-green, is greyish and continuous when
it occurs on pmes (0. ampliotera Nyl.).
Hab. On the bark of trees ; rarely on wood.—Disir. Frequent in
the Channel Islands, England and Ireland; somewhat rare in Scot-
land though probably overlooked.—B. M. Eozel Manor, Jersey;
Withiel and near Penzance, Cornwall; Torquay, Devon ; New Forest
w f S a d d l e s c o m b , Mount Harry, Hayward’s Heath,’
Wivelsfield Charlton Forest and near Plumpton, Sussex; Brastead,
Kent; Northampton; Twycross, Leicestershire; Suffolk; Sutton
Haughmond Hill and near Shrewsbury, Shropshire ; Mundon’
Chalkney Woods, Hadleigh Woods, Ulting and Epping Forest, Essex ’
Worcestershire ; Coltishall and Yarmouth, Norfolk ; Madingley Park
Cambridgeshire; Easby AYood and Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire’
Monmouth; Dolgelly, Merioneth; Trefriw, Gwydir Woods, Bettws-
y-Coed and Bryn Maelgwyn, Carnarvonshire; Airds, Appin, Arevll •
near Callander, Perthshire; Deer Park, Castlemartyr and near Cork ’
Blaokwater Bridge, Dinish, Tore Mt., Deer Park and Derrycunihy KiL
larney, and Glencar, Kerry; Castleoonnel and Carrigogunnel, Limerick.
"■ . E