li. p. 165 (1868); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 73 pro parte. L. effusa
Y&r. fuscella Leight. Lich. FI. p. 344 (1871); ed. 3, p. 371.
Exsicc. Mudd n. 148 ; Leight. nos. 211, 279.
Hah. On smooth trunks of trees in upland districts, rarely on
old palings.—Distr. Here and there sparingly in Great Britain,
rare in S.W. Ireland.—B. M. Brading Woods, Isle of Wight; near
Lyndhurst, New Forest, Hants; Ilsham, Torquay and Ullacombe,
near Bovey Tracey, Devon ; Hurstwood, Tunbridge Wells, Sussex ;
Rayleigh Wood, Maldon, Hadleigh Woods, Langford and Wellington,
Essex; Bathampton Downs, Somersetshire; Northleaoh, Colesborne
and Bodmarton, Gloucestershire ; Warringdon, near Worcester ;
Dolgelly, Merioneth; Brilley, Eadnorshire; Airyholme Wood, Cleveland,
Yorkshire; High Force, Teesdale, Durham; Barcaldine, Argyll;
near Killin, Ben Lawers and Falls of Moness, Aberfeldy, Perthshire ;
Abergeldie and Craig Cluny, Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Muokruss
Demesne and Upper Lake, Killarney, Kerry.
Var. hypnæa A. L. Sm.— Thallus very thin, granulose-
verrucose. Apothecia a t length convex, brown or blackish;
spores 0,045-70 mm. long; hymenial gelatine bluish with iodine.
—Lecidea arceutina var. hypnæa Nyl. in Flora li. p. 165 (1868).
L . effusa var. y arceutina f. hypnæa Cromb. in Grevillea xxii.
p. 58 (1893).
Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Cæsar. n. 83.
Hab. Incrusting mosses and hepatics ou shady rocks in a maritime
locality.—B. M. The Warren Noirmont, Jersey (the only locality).
19. B. Beckhausii Koerb. Parerg. Lich. p. 134 (I860).—
Thallus effuse, thin, granular, unequal, whitish or greyish or
evanescent (K —, CaCl — ). Apothecia small, a t first plane with
a thickish margin, becoming convex and immarginate, black or
somewhat paler when moist; hypothecium colourless or pale-
brownish ; paraphyses conglutinate, olive- or greenish-black
towards the apices ; spores rod-shaped, blunt a t the ends,
2—/-septate, 0,016—32 mm. long, 0,002—3 mm. th ick ; hymenial
gelatine pale-bluish then wine-red with iodine.—Biatora steno-
spora Hepp Flecht. Eur. n. 516 (1860). Lecidea umbrina subsp.
bacillifera Nyl. Lich. Scand. p. 210 (1861). L. bacillifera
Carroll in Journ. Bot. iii. p. 290 (1865); Cromb. Lich. Brit,
p. 74 pro parte & in Grevillea xxii. p. 59 ; Leight. Lich. FI.
p. 342 ; ed. 3, p. 370 (excl. var. alpina). L. stenospora Nyl. in
Flora Iii. p. 413 (1869) ; Oromb. in Grevillea xxii. p. 59.
Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 516.
Distinguished by the somewhat narrow hymenium, with shorter
asci and spores, and by the dark colour of the epithecium which
penetrates downwards. A form with rather large apothecia scattered
or aggregate in small groups was found by Crombie parasitic on
the squamules of Cladonia pyxidata Y&r. pocillum.
Hab. On bark of trees.—DZsir. Somewhat rare throughout the
British Isles.—E. M. Near Lyndhurst, Hants ; Brandon Park, Suffolk ;
Dolgelly, Merioneth ; Aberfeldy, Perthshire ; Barcaldine, Argyll.
Var. polisena Arnold in Flora liv. p. 53 (1871).—Thallus as
in the species. Apothecia pallid, leaden-coloured or subolivaceous,
usually whitish-pruinose.—Bacidia luteola var. 8 csesiopruinosa
Mudd Man. p. 183 (1861) (excl. hab. on rocks). Lecidea umbrina
subsp. polioina Nyl. Lich. Scand. p. 210 (1861). L. effusa var.
csesiopruinosa Leight. Lich. FI. p. 344 (1871); ed. 3, p. 271.
Exsicc. Leight. n. 150; Mudd n. 150.
R Lees.—Distr. Eare in W., central and N. England.—
E. M. Near Dursley, Gloucestershire ; Broome, Shropshire; Pirton
near Worcester ; Cleveland and Stagdale, Yorkshire.
20. B. incompta Anzi Cat. Lich. Sondr. p. 70 (I860).—Thallus
effuse, thinnish, granulose-pulverulent, greyish - green (K —,
CaCl — ). Apothecia small, adnate or appressed, black or purplish-
black, plane and thinly margined, the margin flexuose, a t length
somewhat convex, difform, and immarginate (K + reddish-violet) ;
hypothecium thick, reddish-black ; paraphyses coherent, sordid-
reddish ; spores shortly acicular, 1-7- usually 3-septate, 0,015-29
mm. long, 0,002-3 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine pale-bluish then
wine-red with iodine.—Mudd Man. p. 184 (lexcl. var. atro-
sanguinea). Lecidea incompta Borr. in Engl. Bot. Suppl. t. 2699
(1831); Hook, in Sm. Engl. FI. v. p. 180; Leight. Lich. FI.
p. 325 ed. 3, p. 345; Cromb. in Grevillea xxii. p. 59.
L. umbrina subsp. bacillifera var. incompta Nyl. Lich. Scand.
p. 210 (1861). L. bacillifera subsp. incompta Cromb. Lich. Brit,
p. 74 (1870) (incl. f. minor).
Exsicc. Leight. n. 162; Mudd n. 151 ; Larb. Lich. Hb
n. 174.
The apothecia are numerous and sometimes several confluent;
they are well characterized by the reddish colour internally. The
thallus is usually well developed, closely covering the inequalities of
the bark, but a state has been found growing on wood where it is
reduced to a few granules. Form minor {Secoliga atrosanguinea
var. incompta f. minor Stiz. in Acad. G/es. Leop. Nova Acta xxx. 3,
p. 20 (1863) ) is distinguished by the finer granules of the thallus
and the smaller apothecia.
Hdb. On the trunks of old trees in maritime and upland wooded
districts.-EisZr. Uncommon in England, though plentiful where
it occurs; rare in Scotland, Ireland, and the Channel Islands.—
E. M. Near Eozel, Jersey; Penshurst, Kent; Albourne, Sussex;
near Shanklin, I. of Wight; Lyndhurst, New Forest, Hants; near
Exeter, near Newton Abbot and Ugbrook Park. Devon; near St.
German’s, Cornwall; Albourne, Glynde, Dawny and Wakehurst,
Sussex ; Gosfield Hall, Essex ; Thorngate, near Cirencester, Gloucestershire;
Oswestry, Shropshire; Wimpole Park, Cambridgeshire; Gopsall
Park, Leicestershire ; Hindlip and Kempsey, near Worcester;
Nannau, Dolgelly, Merioneth ; Barcaldine, Argyll; Adare, Limerick ;
Dinish, Killarney, Kerry.
21. B. muscorum Mudd Man. p. 184 (1861).—Thallus effuse,
thin, granulose, greyish-white or whitish ( K - , C aC l- ) . Apo