was given by Nylander to a species of the same genus from New
Granada, with somewhat similar spores, but with the margins of the
apothecia distinctly furrowed; it does not occur in Great Britain.
Hab. On trees in wooded regions.—Distr. Frequent in England,
more especially in the Southern Counties and in S. and AV. Ireland,
rare in Scotland.—B. M. Gwiney Moor, Cornwall; Baloombe and
St. Leonard’s Forest, Sussex; Bath, Somerset; Church Stretton,
Shropshire; Gosfield, Hadleigh and Hockley AVoods, Essex; King’s
AVood, Roche Abbey, Airyholme AAteod and Kildale, Cleveland,
Yorkshire; near Corwen, Carnarvonshire; Inishannon and Castle
Bernard, Cork ; Clonmell, Tipperary; McCarthy’s Island, Killarney,
Kerry; Doughruagh Mts., Connemara, Galway.
Porm radiata A. L. Sm.— Thallus as in the species. Apothecia
rather short, arranged in stellate radiate g ro up s; disc narrow,
tapering towards the ends, rarely slightly pruinose.— Graphis
scripta var radiata Leight. in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii.
p. 266 (1854). Stenographa anguina var. radiata Mudd Man.
p. 236 (1861). Graphis sophistica f. radiata Leight. Lich. Fl.
p. 371 (1871); ed. 3, p. 434.
Exsicc. Mudd n. 215; Leight. n. 339.
Hab. On trees.—Distr. Somewhat rare, but oo-extensive with the
species.—B. M. Gosfield, Chalkeney AVoods and Hadleigh AVoods,
Essex; Gwydir AVoods and Gloddaeth AVoods, Conway, Carnarvonshire
; Hoggart’s AVood, Ingleby, Yorkshire; Ballyedmond, Cork.
Var. pulverulenta A. L. Sm.—Thallus thicker and whiter
th an in the species, tartareous, and generally pulverulent, especially
near the apothecia, effuse or in definite roundish patches.
Apothecia more deeply immersed, lying in all directions, flexuose,
simple or branched, disc narrow or dilated and often whitish-
pruinose, tapering towards the ends.—Opegrapha pulverulenta Sm.
Engl. Bot. t. 1754 (1807) ? (excl syn.) (non Pers.). Graphis scripta
vars. flexuosa and divaricata Leiglit. in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.
ser. 2, xiii. pp. 265, 266 (1854). G. Leight. tom. cit.
p. 268. t. 6. f. 18. G. sophistica &. flexuosa and divaricata; var.
pulvendenta Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 371 (1871); ed. 3, p. 434; var.
dendriticoides Leight. I. c. p. 435 (1879). Stenographa anguina
wars, flexuosa and pulverulenta Mudd Man. p. 236 (1861).
Exsicc. Leight. n. 18 (as Graphis scripta yav. flexuosa), n. 19
pro parte (as G. scripta var. divaricata), n. 20 as G. pulverulenta ;
Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 236.
Differs from the species, more particularly in the character of the
thallus, which is often very pulverulent. The apothecia are usually
narrow, as in the species, but frequently become dilated and pruinose.
Smith’s figure of Opegrapha pulverulenta in Engl. Bot. closely
resembles the outward aspect of the plant, but I have been unable to
find a specimen in his herbarium to verify the internal structure.
Hab. On trees in wooded regions.—Distr. Somewhat frequent in
the S. of England and in S. and AV. Ireland, rarer in N. England and
AVales, evidently not yet found in Scotland.—B. M. Lyndhurst, New
Forest, and I. of AVight, Hants ; Tilgate, Ardingly and Balcombe,
Sussex ; Hadleigh and Hockley AVoods, Messing, Stansted Mountfitchet
and Bpping Forest, Essex; Gloddaeth, near Conway and Gwydir
AVoods, Bettws-y-Coed, Carnarvonshire ; Holly Park, near Stokesay,
Shropshire ; Newton AVood and Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ;
Crosshaven, Cork ; Castleoonnel, Limerick ; Killaloe, Clare ;
Killarney, Kerry ; near Clifden, Connemara, Galway.
2. Gr. inustula A. L. Sm.—Thallus thin, white, slightly
warted and wrinkled, subdeterminate (K + yellow). Apothecia
immersed, thinly scattered, short, obtuse, simple or branched ;
disc broad, plane, whitish-pruinose, proper margins thin, elevated ;
hypothecium colourless, the apothecial walls lateral only ;
paraphyses slender, subdiscrete ; epithecium blackish-brown ;
spores muriform, colourless, 0,035-48 mm. long, 0,012-20 mm.
thick.—Graphis inustula Nyl. in Plora Ix. p. 566 (1877); Cromb.
in Grevillea vi. p. 114; Leight. Lich. PI. ed. 3, p. 435.
Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Hb. without a number.
Differs from the preceding species in the flat short pruinose
apothecia which somewhat resemble those of Phæographis inusta.
Hab. On holly.—B. M. AVestport, Mayo (the only locality).
3. Gr. Ruiziana Muell.-Arg. in Flora Ixiii. p. 20 (1880).—
Thallus greyish-cream-coloured, thin, smooth, determinate or
effuse, sometimes limited by a black line. Apothecia black,
prominent, sessile or slightly immersed a t the base, linear-oblong,
rather short, straight or subflexuose ; usually simple ; disc narrow,
sometimes slightly dilated ; proper margins tumid, connivent ;
hypothecium blackish-brown, the apothecial wall continuous
under the base ; paraphyses slender, conglutinate ; epithecium
blackish-brown ; spores oblong-ovoid, colourless, 0,030-45 mm.
long, 0,010-18 mm. thick.—Opegrapha Buiziana Fée Ess. Crypt,
p. 27 (1824). 0. anomala Leight. in Ann. Mag. Hist. ser. 2,
xix. p. 129, t. 8, figs. 1-6 (1857). Stenographa anomala Mudd
Man. p. 236 (1861). Graphis Buiziana Nyl. in Act. Soc. Sci.
Fenn. vii. p. 464 (1863) ; Carroll in Journ. Bot. iii. p. 291
(1865); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 9 6 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 370 ;
ed. 3, p. 433.
Exsicc. Cromb. n. 193.
Hab. On bark.—Distr. Not uncommon in S., AV., and Central
England, AVales, and S. and AV. Ireland.—B. M. St. Breock, AVadebridge,
and near Bodmin,Cornwall; Ivybridge and Ilsham, Torquay, Devon;
Lymington, Hants; Malvern, AVorcestershire; Dolgelly, Merioneth,
Glenbower, Glengariff, and Castlemartyr, Cork ; Tore Mt., Croghan,
and Cromaglown, Killarney.