liave the spermatia arcuate, 0,014-18 mm. long, 0,005 mm.
Hab On boulders in an upland situation.—A. M. Charnwood
Forest, Leicestershire (the only locality).
97. L. vitellinaria Nyl. in Bot. Not. 1852, p. 177.—Thallus
absent. Apothecia sessile, minute, concave, a t length plane,
margined, black, the margin slightly prominent, shining, within
greyish-black ; paraphyses concrete, greenish-black a t the apices ;
hypothecium thin, brownish; spores elliptical or oblong, 1 or 2-
guttulate, 0,010-12 mm. long, 0,006 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine
muish th en violet with iodine.—Mudd Man. p 212 t 3 f 7 7 -
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 78 ; Leight. Lich. FI. p. 355 ; ed. 3, ’p. 384'
Exsicc. Leight. n. 182.
A singular species, easily recognized by the contrast of colour
between the fructification and the host. The apothecia in structure,
as observed by Nylander (Lioh. Scand. p. 218), are almost those of
E. parasema or some of its varieties.
Parasitic on the thallus of Lecanora vitellina upon rocks
w UxT® ^ ,upland situations.—AfsZr. Only a few localities in
W. and N. England and the S. and Central Grampians, Scotland.—
A. M. Lyth Hill and Haughmond Hill, Shropshire; Malvern, Worcestershire
; near Newton and Battersby, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; near
Lawers Inn and a t Blair Athole, Perthshire.
98 L. fuliginosa Tayl. in Mackay PI. Hib. ii. p. 131 (1836)
-- ih a lJ u s dark-brown or reddish, granular-squamulose, conglomerate
( K - , C aC l- ) , hypothallns blackish-brown, byssoid.
Apothecia, black, small, solitary or aggregate, somewhat convex,
with a thm margin which is soon o b lite ra ted ; hypothecium
thick, brownish-black ; paraphyses coherent, pale-yellowish-brown,
bluish-black a t the apices; spores ellipsoid, small,
0,008-10 mm. long, 0,004-6 mm. th ick ; hymenial gelatine,
especially the asci, bluish with iodine.—Mudd Man p 208 ■
Cromb Lich Brit. p. 7 7 ; Leight. Lich. PI. p. 255 ; ed'. 3,'p. 47^
L. confusa Nyl. Lich. Scand. p. 216 (1861).
Exsicc. Leight. n. 305.
At once distinguished by its scattered and friable squamulose thallus,
and brownish-black somewhat byssoid hypothallns. Aooording to Th.
Scand. p. 421) the hypotballus is a species of Sirosiphon,
which grows intermixed with this lichen.
’^ooks.—Distr. In mountainous districts through-
out the British Islands.—A. M. Barmouth, Merioneth; Llanbedrog
and Llyn Geirionydd, Carnarvon : Glen Fender, Blair Athole, Perth
D„„gh„i.gh
Var. suhconfusa A. L. Sm.—Differs from the type in the
some what darker more finely granular thallus, in the small innate
apothecia, and the rather smaller spores, 0,007-8 mm. long, and
0,0035 mm. thick. The thallus is intermixed with Sirosiphon
and Pyrenopsis sp.—L. suhconfusa Nyl. in Flora Hi. p. 84 (1869) ;
Cromb. in Grevillea v. p. 27 ; Leight. Lich. PI. ed. 3, p. 332. '
Hab. On siliceous rocks.— A. Af. Tullywhee Bridge, near Kylemore,
Connemara, Galway.
99. L. arctica Sommerf. Suppl. PI. Lapp. p. 156 (1826).—
Thallus effuse, composed of minute, subglobose, papillose granules,
crowded or subdiscrete, whitish or brownish-grey (Kf + yellow,
medulla, CaCl + orange-red). Apothecia small, black, bluish-
pruinose or naked, convex, immarginate ; hypothecium pale-
brownish ; paraphyses indistinct, sordid-greenish-black towards
the apices; spores oblong or ellipsoid, 0,013-18 mm. long,
0,006-8 mm. th ic k ; hymenial gelatine slightly blue with iodine.
—Mudd Man. p. 200 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 79 ; Leight Lich
FI. p. 273 ; ed. 3, p. 274.
A high alpine species with an entirely northern distribution.
Hab. On mosses in alpine districts.—AZsZr. On the high altitudes
of the Scottish Grampians.—A. M. Ben Lawers, Ben Vraokie and
Craig Calliach, Killin, Perthshire; Ben Maodhui and Loohnagar,
Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
100. L. limosa Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 182 (1810).—Thallus
effuse, thin, furfuraceous, whitish-grey (K —, CaCl — ). Apothecia
black, adnate, convex or subglobose, immarginate ;
hypothecium colourless or pale-brownish; paraphyses thickish,
coherent, usually bluish-green a t the apices ; spores ellipsoid,
fusiform-ellipsoid or oblong, 0,009-18 mm. long, 0,004-6 mm.
thick ; hymenial gelatine blue then sordid-wine-red or yellowish
with iodine.—Carroll in Journ. Bot. iv. p. 24 (1866); Cromb.
Lich. Brit. p. 79 ; Leight. Lich. FI. p. 258 ; ed. 3, p. 252. L.
Wulfenii Mudd Man. p. 200 pro p arte (non Hepp. fide Carroll).
Exsicc. Cromb. Lich. Brit. n. 90.
This species is nearly allied to the next, but the thallus is less
granular and the spores are shorter.
Hab. On the earth in mountainous districts.—Distr. Local and
rare on the higher Scottish hills.—A. M. Canlochan, Forfarshire;
Ben Lawers and Ben-y-gloe, Blair Athole, Perth sh ire ; Ben Cruachan,
Í Ben-naboord and Lochnagar, Braemar, Aberdeenshire.
101. L. alpestris Sommerf. in K. Norske Vidensk. Skrift. ii.
p. 54 (1824-7).—Thallus effuse, thin, granular or minutely
warted-areolate, whitish or greyish on a whitish hypotballus
(U CaCl —). Apothecia appressed convex, immarginate,
subconglomerate, black ; hypothecium colourless or pale-
brownish ; paraphyses coherent, dark brownish-blue-green a t the
apices; spores elongate-ellipsoid or oblong, 0,014-25 mm. long,
0,003-4 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine blue then tawny-yellowish