P innatifid (Lat. findo, fidi, to cut), pinnately cut.
PiSTiLLAR (Lat. pistillum, a pestle), club-shaped.
PiSTiLLARi-BAOiLLAR, te rm applied to sp erm atia which are oblong a n d
s lig h tly th ick e r a t th e ends.
P lacodioid, like the genus Placodium, with the thallus orbicular, adpressed,
lobed at the circumference.
P latygonidia (Gr. plains, broad, gonos, offspring), gonidia in broadly
spreading groups (Cephaleuros).
P latyphyllous {Qr. plains, hmad, phullon, a leaf), broadly lobed.
P licate (Lat. plico, to fold), folded in plaits—P lioiform.
Plubi-, Latin prefix signifying many.
P lueilocular, many-celled.
PoDETiUM (Gr. pous, podos, a foot), a stalk-like th a llin e elevation su p p o rtin
g an apothecium.
PoLARi-BiLOCULAB, of two-cellcd spores w ith a th ic k c e n tra l wall trav e rsed
by a con n ec tin g tube, th e lum en of th e cells a t th e extreme ends.
P oly-, Greek prefix signifying many.
POLYMOBPHODS (Gr. polus, many, morphe, a change), with several or
various forms.
P olyphyllous (Gr. polus, many, phullon, a leaf), many-leaved.
P bolifbrous (Lat. proles, offspring, fero, to bear), bearing offshoots.
P bopeb margin, th e rim or m a rg in en circ lin g th e a p o th e cium , as d is tin c t
from th e th a llin e margin.
P rotococcoid, like the genus Protococcus.
P ruina (Lat., hoar frost), powdery secretion or bloom on the surface of
plants—P ruinose.
P seudo- (Gr. pseudos, false), used as a prefix signifying false or spurious.
PuLVERAOEO-DKLiTESOBNT (Lat. pulvis, powder, delitesco, to lie hid),
covered with a layer of powdery granules.
PULVERULENT (Lat. pulvis, powder), powdery.
P ulvinate (Lat. pulvinatus, cushion-shaped), thallus growing in cushionlike
masses.
PuLviNULUS, a small cushion-like outgrowth.
P ycnidb (Gr. puknos, dense), a closed fructification containing stylospores.
P yeenium (Gr. puren, a kernel), the outer wall of a perithecium or
sometimes of a fructification.
P yrenocarp (Gr. carpos, fruit), a closed fructification (perithecium) opening
above by a pore or slit.
P yebnodeine (P yrbnodine), (Gr. eidos, like), a term applied to perithecia
—P yrbnoid.
P yrenopsidian, similar to the genus Pyrenopsis.
P yriform (Lat. pyrus, a pear), pear-shaped.
R adiate (Lat. radius, a ray or the spoke of a wheel), spreading outwards
from a centre.
R adius, R a d ii, th e o u te rm o s t lobes or squamules.
R amose (Lat. ramus, a branch), branching.
R amuli, b ran c h le ts or secondary branches.
R a phides (Gr. raphis, a needle), needle-shaped crystals.
B bobptacle (Lat, receptaculum, a reservoir), term used for the base or
surrounding tissue of the apothecium.
R eniform (Lat. renis, a kidney), kidney-shaped.
R epand (Lat., bent backwards), w ith an uneven margin, less so than
sinuous.
R eticulate (Lat. rete, a net), resembling a net-work.
R e tuse (Lat. retusus, blunted), with a shallow notch in a rounded apex.
B evolutb (Lat. re, back, volvo, to roll), rolled back from the margin or
R hagadiose (Gr. rhagas, a chink), cracked or fissured.
R h iz in a , pi. R h iz inæ (Gr. rhiza, a rcot), root-like strands or hairs.
B ima (Lat., a cleft), a chink or cleft—R imóse.
B ivulosb (Lat. rivus, a stream), having sinuate channels or lines.
R osulatb (Lat. rosa, a rose), collected into a rosette.
R otundate (Lat. rotundus, round), rounded.
R ubricóse (Lat. ruber, red), reddish.
R ugose, R ugulose (Lat. i-uga, a wrinkle or fold), wrinkled.
Saccate (Lat. saccus, a hag), swollen, sack-shaped.
Sanguineous (Lat.), blood-red.
Saxicolb, Saxicolous (Lat. saxum, a rock, colo, to inhabit), growing on
rocks or stones.
Scabrid, Scabrous (Lat.), rough with minute elevations.
ScHOBicuLATB (Lat. scrohiculus, a little tren ch ), m a rk ed w ith small pits.
Scutbllate (L at. scutella, a salver), shaped like a p la tte r—Scutellifoem.
ScYPHUS (Gr. skuphos, a cup), a cup-like d ila ta tio n of th e p o d e tium in
lich en s on th e edges of which are borne th e apothe cia—Scyphiferou.s
(SoYPHiPHOHOUs), b e arin g scyphi.
Second (Lat. secundiis, second or following), with parts directed to one
side only.
Septate (Lat. septum, a fence or enclosure), divided by a partition or
cell-wall.
Se s s il e (Lat. sessilis, sitting), without any stipe or stalk.
Setaceous (Lat. seta, a bristle), slender, bristle-like—Sbtuliform.
Sinuate (Lat. sinus, a curve), with a deep wavy margin.
Sinus (Lat., a curve or fold), a recess or re-entering angle.
SiEOSiPHOiD, resembling the genus Sirosiphon (Stigonema), where the
cells occur usually in two or more rows.
Smaragdine (Gr. smaragdos, an emerald), emerald or dark-bluish-greon.
Sordid (Lat. sordidus, fouled), dirty in tint.
Spadiceous (Gr. spadix, a palm-branch), bright date-brown in colour.
Spbirogonimia (Gr. speiro, to sow, to scattei/ gonimia single, scattered.
SpermATiUM (Gr. sperma, a seed), a spore-like body formed in the spermo-
gone, regarded as a non-motile male cell or as a spore.
Spebmogonb (Gr. sperma, a seed, gonos, offspring), closed receptacle
containing spermatia.
Sphinctbifohm, like the genus Sphinctrina (apothecia almost sessile).
Spinosb, Spinulosb (Lat. spina, a thorn), beset with spines.
Spongiose (Lat. spongia, a sponge), soft and spongy.
Spore (Gr. spora, a seed), a reproductive body which becomes free and
germinates to form a new plant.
Spurious (Lat. spurius, illegitimate), counterfeit, apparent hut not real.
Squamule (Lat. sguama, a scale), a small thalline lobe.
Stellate, Stellato- (Lat., starry), star-shaped or radiating like the rays
of a star.
Sterigma, pi. Sterigmata (Gr. sterigma, a prop), the stalk (spermatio-
phore) from which the spermatia are abjointed.
Stipatb (Lat.), crowded.
St ipe s (Lat., a trunk of a tree), stalk—St ip ita t e .
Stramineous (Lat. stramen, straw), straw-coloured.
Stratum (Lat.), a layer of tissue.
Striate (Lat. stria, a furrow), marked with parallel lines or ridges—
Sthiatulate.
Strumosely (Lat. struma, a scrofulous tumour), with cushion-like
swellings.
Stylospobb (Gr. stulos, a column, spora, a seed), a spore borne on a
filament.
Sub-, Latin prefix, signifying under, below or partly.
Subiculum (Lat., an nnderlayer), a felted undergrowth of hyphæ.
Subulate (Lat. subula, a small weapon), shaped like an awl.
Sulcate (Lat.), furrowed or grooved.
Suture (Lat. sutm-a, a seam), a line of opening.