Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, xvii. p. 116, 1 .16, fig. 27 (1852); Lindsay
in Microscop. Journ. v. t. 4, fit. 15, 16; Mudd Man. p. 225.
Exsicc. Leight. n. 281.
Hab. Parasitic on various Parmelice—e.g. P. saxatilis f. fu r-
furacea, P. conspersa var. stenophylla, P. fuliginosa, in maritime
and upland districts.—Aisir. Bather local in S.W. England, Wales,
the Highlands of Scotland, and S.W. Ire la n d ; not seen from the
Channel Islands.—B. M. Near Launceston, Cornwall; near Abergavenny,
Monmouthslihe; Barmouth and Dolgelly, Merioneth ; Barcaldine
and Appin, Argyll; Craig Calliaoh, Pass of Leny and Dunkeld,
P e rth sh ire ; Portlethen, Kincardineshire; Morrone, Braemar, Aberdeenshire;
Dunkerron, Kerry.
197. L. cladoniaria Nyl. in Mem. Soc. Cherb. v. p. 339
(1857).—Thallus absent. Apothecia minute, opaque, subconvex,
slightly prominent, rugulose, black, internally dark or concolorous;
paraphyses moderate; hypothecium slightly blackish
b en e a th ; spores oblong, 0,010 mm. long, 0,0035 mm. th ic k ;
hymenial gelatine bluish then sordid with iodine.—Cromb. Lich.
Brit. p. 94 ; Leight. Lich. PI. p. 358; ed. 3, p. 388. Specimen
not seen.
In this country the apothecia are known to occur only on the
thallus of Cladonia bellidiflora, though they were originally detected
on th a t of Cladina uncialis; in both oases they give the host a
deformed and verruoose-rugose aspect.
Hdb. Parasitic on Cladonia bellidiflora in an upland situation.
—Bistr. Kelly’s Glen, near Dublin.
198. L. imponens Leight. in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, i.
p. 238, t. 32, figs. 7 & 8 (1876).—Thallus obsolete. Apothecia
black, minute, numerous, scattered, plane or subconcave, the thin
margin disappearing ; hypothecium colourless ; paraphyses stout,
coherent, blackish a t the apices; spores ellipsoid, 0,014-15 mm.
long, 0,0055 mm. thick.
Hdb. Parasitic on the thallus of Lecanora polytropa.—B. M. Port
Hill, near Fishguard, Pembrokeshire (the only locality).
199. L. epiphorbia Stirton in Crevillea ii. p. 108 (1873).—
“ Apothecia resemble externally and internally those of L.
{Buellia) parmeliarum, except th a t the paraphyses are neither
thickened nor darker-coloured a t their apices. The spores are
colourless, or present, in a few instances, a faint tinge of yellow,
and the reaction on the hymenial gelatine by means of iodine
.shows a deep vinous red without any preceding coerulescent
tints, instead of being negative as in L. parmeliarum. This
lichen bears the same relationship to L. parmeliarum th a t L.
solorinaria does to L. oxyspora.”—Leight. Lich. PI. ed. 3, p. 388.
Specimen not seen.
Crombie (Journ. Bot. xii. p. 148 (1874)) suggests th a t this may be
Biatorina Wallrothii, but this is denied by Stirton (Grevillea iii. p. 25).
Hdb. Parasitic on Solorina bispora. Collected by Dr. Stirton on
Ben Lawers, Perthshire.
200. L. insita Stirton in Scott. Nat. 1879, p. 17.—Thallus
none. Apothecia black, small, convex, immarginate, generally
nearly spherical, internally rufescent; hypothecium reddish or
reddish-black; paraphyses distinct, slender, filiform, reddish or
almost colourless a t the apices; spores 12-16 in the ascus,
spherical; hymenial gelatine intense-blue then deep-wine-red
with iodine.—Leight. Lich. FI. ed. 3, p. 545. Specimen not
seen.H
ab. Parasitic on Peltidea aphthosa. Collected by Dr. Stirton
at Craig-na-Lochan, Scotland.
§ iv. M y c o b l a s t u s Th. Fr. Lioh. Scand. p. 479 (1874); Norm,
in Nyt. Mag. Nat. vii. p. 250 (1852) as genus. (PI. 8.)
Thallus crustaceous. Spores usually 1, rarely 2 or 3 in the
ascus; spermogones with simple sterigmata and straight
spermatia.
201. L. sanguinaria Ach. Meth. p. 39 (1803) & Lich. Univ.
p. 170.—Thallus effuse, moderate or thickish, granulose-unequal
or granulose-concrescent, greyish-white or whitish (K + yellow,
CaCl —) ; medulla blood-red beneath the apothecia. Apothecia
adnate, moderate or somewhat large, convex, immarginate, black,
greyish w ith in ; paraphyses concrete, dark-bluish a t the apices ;
hypothecium thin, pale or slightly d a rk ; spores solitary, very
large, with a broad epispore, 0,070-0,100 mm. long, 0,028-38
mm. th ic k ; hymenial gelatine, especially the asci, deep-blue with
iodine.—Hook. PI. Scot. ii. p. 37 ; S. P. Cray Nat. Arr. i.
p. 464; Hook, in Sm. Fngl. FI. v. p. 177 ; Tayl. in Mackay PI.
Hib. ii. p. 120; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 93; Leight. Lich. FI.
p. 365; ed. 3, p. 262. Lichen sanguinarius L. Sp. PI. p. 1607
(1753); Huds. FI. Angl. p. 442 pro parte ; Lightf. FI. Scot. ii.
p. 803 pro p a rte ; Fngl. Bot. t. 155 ; With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 6.
Megalospora sanguinaria Massal. Ric. Lich. p. 106 (1852) ; Mudd
Man. p. 213, t. 4, f. 79.
Exsicc. Bohl. n. 4 6 ; Leight. n. 307; Mudd n. 184; Cromb.
n. 94.
Easily recognized by the blood-red colour of the medulla under
the apothecia which a t times is also visible elsewhere in the thallus,
in which case it is form polyerythrina Nyl. ex Th. Fries Lich. Scand.
p. 480. The thallus varies somewhat in thickness according to the
nature of the substratum, and when musoicolous is usually rather
thin. The apothecia are numerous, scattered or crowded, sometimes
confluent and difform ; in our speoimena a few occasionally^ appear as
if crowned by the well-developed thallus, showing a transition to var.
lecanoroidea Nyl. Lich. Jap. p. 77. The not unfrequent spermogones
are very minute, punctiform, black, with spermatia shortly acicular,
0,006-9 mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick.