often confluent, innate-sessile, plane then convex, the th in
smooth entire margin eventually obliterated ; hypothecium
reddish-brown; paraphyses loosely coherent, blackish-green a t
the tips ; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 0,011-14 mm. long, 0,007-8 mm.
thick ; hymenial gelatine blue with iodine.—Mudd Man. p. 207 ;
Leight. Lich. FI. p. 271; ed. 3, p. 270. L. scahra Tayl. in
Mackay FI. Hib. ii. p. 121 (1836). L. enteroclilora Tayl. ex
Leight. Lich. FI. 271; ed. 3, p. 271.
Exsicc. Leight. n. 299 ; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 67 ; Johns, n. 378.
Hab. On rooks and stones in maritime and upland districts.—
Distr. Bather frequent in England and Wales, rare in the Channel
Islands, Scotland and S.W. Ireland.—A. M. Trinity, Jersey; near
Penzance, Cornwall; Whitesand Bay; E ast Lyn and Torquay,
Devon; Boro’ Green, Ken t; Barmouth, Merioneth; Pwlheli, Carnarvonshire
; Ayton and Langbaurghrigg, Cleveland, Yorkshire; near
Rigg, Kincardineshire; Derriquin, Kerry ; Ballinakill and Cloghan,
Connemara, Galway; Cliffs of Moher, Clare.
Form meiococca A. L. Sm.—Thallus similar to the type.
Apothecia paler, somewhat reddish-brown ; paraphyses distinct,
colourless a t the tips.—Lecidea meiococca Leight. Lich. FI. ed. 3,
p. 277 (1879). L. scahra f. meiococca Nyl. in Flora lix. p. 578
(1876).
Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Hb., without number.
Hab. On maritime rocks.—Distr. Rare in N.E. Scotland and N.W.
Ireland.—A. M. Nigg, Kincardineshire ; Lettermore and Ballinakill
Bay, Connemara, Galway.
Var. suhviridans A. L. Sm.—Thallus sulphur-yellow,_ thin
sometimes scattered, sorediate.—L. continuior var. suhviridans
Nyl. in Flora xl. p. 463 (1877) ; Cromb. in Grevillea vi. p. 13
Leight. Lich. FI. ed. 3, p. 278.
Nylander described the variety on specimens sent by Larbalestier
two specimens from Larbalestier in the British Museum differ from
L. protrusa only in the more brightly coloured and more sorediate
thallus.
Hah. On walls.—A. M. Lough Feagh, Connemara, Galway (the
only locality).
78. L. duhia Hook, in Sm. Engl. Flora v. p. 176 (1833).—
Thallus effuse, subleprose, pale-greenish, extremely pulverulent
or almost smooth and minutely areolate (K + yellow,
CaCl + orange-red). Apothecia black, usually numerous,
scattered or confluent, subsessile, plane, becoming convex and
immarginate, the disc smooth or granular; hypothecium somewhat
brownish; paraphyses distinct, bluish-green a t the apices,
the colour extending downwards; spores oblong, 0,014 mm. long,
0 007 mm. th ic k ; hymenial gelatine deep-blue with iodine.—
TayL in Mackay FI. Hib. ii. p. 120 (1836); Leight. Lich. FI.
p. 263 ; ed. 3, p. 260. Lichen dubius Sm. Engl. Bot. t 2547
(1814).
The type specimen was renamed by Nylander L. parasema var.
flavens, and another specimen in the Sowerby herbarium was similarly
labelled by Crombie. Cur specimens form a well connected series in
which the surface of the thallus varies from being almost smooth to
completely powdery. They also differ from L.parasema in the larger
and more crowded apothecia.
Hab. Cn old palings.—Dist. Local and not uncommon in the S.
of England, extending as far north as Cambridgeshire.—A. M. Near
Penzance, Cornwall ; Penshurst, Kent ; Shiere, Surrey ; Ulting and
Chalk End, Essex; Finchley, Middlesex; Great Comberton, Worcestershire
; Cakington, Cambridgeshire.
79. L. sporadiza Stirton in Grevillea iii. p. 33 (1874).—
Thallus yellow or greenish-yellow, granular, the granules often
conglomerate or pulverulent (K + yellow, CaCl + orange-red).
Apothecia black, sessile, small or medium-sized plane, rugose,
marginate; hypothecium colourless; paraphyses few, irregular,
indistinct ; spores ellipsoid, small, 0,006-7 mm. long, 0,004-6 mm.
thick ; hymenial gelatine not stained with iodine.—Leight. Lich.
FI. ed. 3, p. 266. Specimen not seen.
Said by Stirton to be allied to L. neglecta, but judging from the
description its place seems to be here.
Hab. Cn old worked wood. Collected by Dr. Stirton near Gran-
town, Inverness.
80. L. parasema Ach. Meth. Lich. p. 35 (1803) pro parte •
Nyl. in Bot. Not. (1852) p. 175 & Lich. Scand. p. 217 pro
parte.—Thallus determinate or subdeterminate, thin or thinnish
granulose or rather smooth, whitish or grey coloured (K +
yellowish, C aC l- , K (CaOl) + orange-red) ; hypotballus black,
at times limiting the thallus. Apothecia small, a t first plane
and thinly margined, a t length somewhat convex and immarginate,
black, within blackish, greyish under the epithecium ;
paraphyses subcoherent, dark-bluish-green a t the apices ; hypo-'
thecium brownish ; spores ellipsoid, 0,010-16 mm. long, 0,005-8
mm. th ick ; hymenial gelatine bluish then dark-violet wdth
iodine —Hook, in Sm. Engl. PI. v. p. 176 (1833) ; Tayl in
Mackay FI. Hib. ii. p. 119; Mudd Man. p. 200 pro p a rte ;
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 77 pro parte ; Leight. Lich. El. p. 269 ;
ed. 3, p. 268. Lichen parasemus Ach. Lich. Suec. Prod. p. 64
(1798) pro parte. Lichenoides leprosum, crusta cinereo-virescente
&c.. Dill. Hist. Muse. p. 126, t. 18, f. 3 (1741) pro parte.
Exsicc. Leight. nos. 308, 327; Johns, nos. 346, 379.
The species as here understood includes only corticolous forms,
ihose growing on rocks, formerly considered as varieties, differ considerably
in the thallus or in the apothecia, and are dealt with under
the species th at foUow. When the thallus is almost or quite
evanescent it is var. ecrustaoea Leight. Lioh. PI. ed. 3, p. 270.
E 2