p. 161 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 78 ; Leight. Lich. FL p. 356 ; ed. 3,
p. 385.
Hab. Parasitic on the thallus of iecareora caZcarea.—Bistr. Somewhat
rare though widely distributed in the British Isles.—B. M. Near
Yatton, Somerset ; Barnsley Park and Cirencester, Gloucestershire ;
Aran Mawddwy, Merioneth ; Trefriw and Great Orme’s Head,
Carnarvonshire ; Craig Tulloch, Blair Athole, Perthshire ; Cong,
Lough Corrib, Galway.
41. B. cristata A. L. Sm.—No proper thallus. Apothecia
black, very minute, solitary, or clustered, or in narrow flexuose
lines, concave, the margin thick and obtuse ; hypothecium black,
carbonaceous ; spores linear-oblong, minute, faintly 1-septate,
0,006-8 mm. long, 0,002-3 mm. thick.—Lecidea crista,ta Leight.
Lich. FI. p. 356 (1871) ; ed. 3, p. 385. Specimen not seen.
Hdb. Parasitic on the thallus of Lecanora subcarnea.—Distr. Eare,
found only in Wales (Barmouth, Merioneth).
42. B. Stereocaulorum Th. Fr. Lich. Arct. p. 188 (1860).—
Thallus absent. Apothecia parasitic, small, plane, a t length
convex, immarginate, black, blackish or pale, dark within ;
paraphyses clavate and yellowish-brown a t the apices; hypothecium
somewhat yellowish; spores oblong-fusiform (usually
thicker above), 0,013-19 mm. long, 0,004-6 mm. thick ; hymenial
gelatine tawny-wine-red, the asci bluish and th en violet a t the
apices, with iodine.—Lecidea stereocaulorum Nyl. in Not. Sallsk.
Faun, à PI. Fenn. n. ser. v. p. 182 (1866); Cromh. in Grevillea
xxii. p. 11. Specimen not seen.
Hdb. On the squamules of Stereocaulon in mountainous regions,
43. B. epihlastematica A. L. Sm. — Thallus effuse, thin,
scattered, minutely granulate, whitish or obsolete. Apothecia
small, a t first subplane w ith paler margin, then convex and immarginate,
sordid-pale-brown, a t length blackish ; paraphyses slightly
incrassate a t the apices ; hypothecium colourless or brownish ;
spores fusiform-ellipsoid or ovoid, simple or 1-septate, 0,012-15
mm. long, 0,005-7 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine pale-bluish
then wine-red with iodine.—Peziza epihlastematica Wallr. PI.
Crypt. Germ. ii. p. 464 (1833), fide Arnold ex Rehm in Raben-
horst’s Krypt.-Pl. i. 3, p. 323 (1890). Scutula Wallrothii Tul. in
Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, xvii. p. 119, t. 14, figs. 14-24 (1852).
Biatora Heerii Hepp in Schær. Lich. Helv. n. 630 (1852).
Lecidea Heerii Nyl. in Not. Sallsk. Faun. & PI. Fenn. n. ser. v.
p. 150 (1866) ; Cromb. in Journ. Bot. xx. p. 275 (1882).
L . Wallrothii Nyl. I. c. ; Cromb. in Journ. Bot. xii. p. 148 (1874) ;
Leight. Lich. PI. ed. 3, p. 388.
In the few British specimens the thallus described by Nylander
is entirely absent. The parasitic apothecia are either solitary or
more frequently aggregate on the host. Small brick-red pycnidia also
occur with oblong, straight or slightly arcuate, simple or 1-septate
stylospores 0,014-28 mm. long, 0,004 mrn. thick {vide Nylander Lioh.
Env. Par. Suppl. p. 6 (1897)).
Hab. On the thallus of species of Peltigera andi of Solorina sacoata
in subalpine tracts.—E. M. Craig Calliach and Ben Lawers,
Perthshire.
74. BILIMBIA D eNo t. in Giorn. Bot. Ita l. ii. p. 190 (1846).
Toninia Massal. Ric. Lich. p. 107 (1852); Mudd Man. p. 173.
(PL 11.)
Thallus minutely squamulose or variously crustaceous, some
times obsolete. Algal cells. Protococcus. Apothecia light
coloured or dark and carbonaceous, immarginate or with a
proper margin only; spores usually 8 in the ascus, oblong or
fusiform, 2- to pluri-septate, usually 3-septate, colourless,
1. B. caradocensis A. L. Sm. — Thallus effuse, minutely
squamulose-granulose, rimose-areolate, pale-greyish- or greenish-
olive (K + yellow, CaCl + orange-yellow), the squamules adnate,
convex, crowded, somewhat rugose, more or less crenulate a t the
margins. Apothecia very small, innate-sessile, margined, black,
the margin thick, flexuose ; hypothecium reddish- or dark-brown ;
paraphyses concrete, brown a t the apices; spores ellipsoid-fusiform,
3-septate, 0,011-15 mm. long, 0,004-5 mm. th ick ; hymenial
gelatine bluish with iodiue.— Lecidea caradocensis Leight.
ex Nyl. in Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. ser. 3, p. 383 (1856); Leight.
in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, xiv. p. 404, t. 9, figs. 6, 7, 10
(1864) & Lich. PI. p. 325 ; ed. 3, p. 344 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 92.
Psora caradocensis Mudd Man. p. 169 (1861) pro parte.
Exsicc. Leight. n. 160; Cromb. n. 9 3 ; Johns, n. 395.
Externally resembling Lecidea Friesii. I t is frequently ste rile ;
the apothecia when present are numerous and often confluent and
difform. The immature spores are sometimes only 1- or 2-septate.
Hab. On trunks of firs, more frequently on old palings.—Distr.
Local but plentiful in S. and central England, rare in N. England.—
B .M . Near Lyndhurst, H an ts; Penshurst, Kent; near Eeigate,
Surrey; Hendon and near Mill Hill, Middlesex; near Highbeach,
Epping Forest, E ssex ; Chalford, Gloucestershire; Windsor Great
Park, Berkshire; near Elstree, H e rts ; Gopsall and Twycross,
Leicestershire; near Upper Howell, Malvern, Worcestershire; Caer
Caradoc, Shropshire; Park End, Wark-on-Tyne, Northumberland.
2. B. aromatica J a tta Syll. Lich. Ita l. p. 402 (1900).—
Thallus indeterminate, thickish, globulose-squamulose or granu-
lose-congested, rugose, greyish-white (K—, CaCl — ). Apothecia,
small, subsessile, plane and thinly margined, a t length convex and
immarginate, b la ck ; hypothecium thick, reddish-brown, reddish-
black in thick section; paraphyses somewhat lax, clavate and
dark-greenish-blue a t the apices ; spores oblong - cylindrical,
simple or thinly 3-septate, 0,013-25 mm. long, 0,004-6 mm.
thick ; hymenial gelatine deep-blue then wine-red with iodine.—