Mudd’s iiieasureiuents arc not trustworthy ; those given for the
species arc from specimens in the herbarium ; the variety differs in
the size and form of the spores. ^
Hab. On maritime rocks.—Distr. Karo in S. and AV. Ireland.—
B. M. Kerry; Kilkee, Clare; Leenane, Doughruagh, Connemara,
Galway.
Var. minor A. L. Sm.—Thallus tartareous, very thin, greyish
or lirownish. Perithecia smaller th an in the species, numerous,
thinly scattered, hemispherical, shining black ; spores ellipsoid,
colourless, 0,014-17 mm, long, 0,006-7 mm. thick.
Bescmbling the species in habitat and type of thallus, but with
smaller perithecia and spores.
Hab. On rocks near the sea.—Distr. S.AV. coast of AVales;
Manorbeer, Tenby, Pembrokeshire.
37. V. limitata Krempelh. Lich. Fl. Bay. p. 241 (1861).—
Thallus tartareous-farinose, thin, glaucous-grey or brownish-grey,
continuous, irregularly traversed and limited by rather wide
brown or blackish lines. Perithecia minute, semi-immersed in the
thallus, hemispherical; peritheciai wall dimidiate ; spores ellipsoid,
small, 0,012-14 mm. long, 0,006 mm. thick.—Shackleton
’& Hebden in Naturalist, 1892, p. 17.
Differing in colour and form of the thallus from other species with
limited thallus and from V. muralis, to which it is allied in the
character of the perithecia, by the much smaller spores.
Hab. On limestone and other rocks.—Distr. Eare in N. England.
—B. M. Hartlepool, Durham.
38. V. muralis Ach. Meth. p. 115 (1803).—Thallus effuse,
white or greyish, tartareous, pulverulent, thin, sometimes faintly
cracked-areolate, often evanescent. Perithecia black, hemispherical,
small, semi-immersed ; peritheciai wall dimidiate, thick,
somewhat spreading a t the base, with a thin brown wall below the
base ; spores ellipsoid, 0,017-25 mm. long, 0,010-12 mm. thick,
or slightly smaller.—Hook, in Sm. Fngl. Fl. v. p. 154 pro parte?
Tayl. in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 91 pro pai’te? V. patula Leight.
Angioc. Lich. p. 61, t. 26, fig. 1 (1851). V. rupestris subsp.
muralis Nyl. in Maine et Loire Mem. Soc. Acad. iv. p. 32
(1858); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 114. Yav. muralis Mudd Man.
p. 292 (1861); Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 426; ed. 3, p. 456.
The perithecia though slightly immersed in the thallus are superficial
on the substratum, and do not leave pits in the stone. Specimens
are occasionally found with smaller spores, 0,015 mm. long,
0,007 mm. thick.
Hab. On brick walls, stones, mortar, &c.—Distr. Not uncommon
in the Channel Islands and throughout England, rare in Scotland and
Ireland.—B. M. Noirmont, Jersey; Luocomb, I. of AVight; AVorth-
ing and Downs, Sussex; Minohinhampton, Gloucestershire; Much
AVenlook, Shropshire; Norton and Malvern, AVoroestershire ; Carlton
Bank and Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire; Penmanshiels, Berwickshire ;
near Cork; Ballynahinch near Kylemore, Connemara, Galway.
Thallus tartareous, thin ; perithecia forming pits in the rocks.
39. V. rupestris Schrad. Spicil. p. 109 (1794) pro p a rte ;
DC. PL Franc, ii. p. 317 (1805).—Thallus white or greyish-white
or brownish, effuse, thin, tartareous, pulverulent. Perithecia
moderate in size, black, numerous, hemispherical, semi-immersed,
leaving shallow pits in the stone ; peritheciai wall dimidiate, a
th in brown wall passing under the base ; spores ellipsoid-oblong,
0,018-30 mm. long, 0,008-013 mm. thick.—Hook, in Sm. Engl.
Fl. v. p. 152 ; Tayl. in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 90 ; Mudd Man.
p. 291 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 114 (excl. vars.) ; Leight. Lich. Fl.
p. 425 ; ed. 3, p. 456 (excl. vars.).
Nearly allied to the following species bub with smaller dimidiate
perithecia, which are somewhat prominent and leave very shallow pits
when they drop out at maturity.
Hab. On stones and rocks, chiefly calcareous.—Distr. Frequent
throughout the British Islands.—E. M. Torquay, Devonshire;
Eottingdean and Newhaven, Sussex ; Sapperton, Gloucestershire ;
Twycross, Leicestershire; Trefriw, Carnarvonshire ; Appin, Argyll;
Middleton, Cork.
Var. suhalbicans Mudd Man. p. 292 (1821).—Thallus
greyish-white, thin, pulverulent. Perithecia slightly larger than
in the species and with a more developed wall below the base,
leaving scarcely perceptible pits in the substratum ; spores as in
the species.—Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 426 ; ed. 3, p. 45/. V. suhalbicans
Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 56, t. 25, fig. 1 (1851).
Exsicc. Leight. no. 200.
Difficult to distinguish from V. integra except in the persistently
smaller spores.
Hab. On mortar, plastered walls, kc.—Distr. Eather rare in
S. and N. England and N.AV. Wales.—E. M. Near Ayton, Cleveland,
Yorkshire ; Bangor, Carnarvonshire.
40. V. integra Carroll in Journ. Bot. iv. p. 25 (1866).—
Thallus white or greyish-white, subcrustaceous, tartareous, sub-
farinose. Perithecia black, numerous, moderate in size, semiimmersed,
leaving shallow pits in the rock, hemispherical, depressed
above ; peritheciai wall thick, black, somewhat spreading
a t the base with a thinner black wall beneath the base ; spores
ellipsoid-oblong, rather large, 0,023-32 mm. long, 0,010-20 mm.
th ic k .-L e ig h t. Lich. Fl. p. 426 ; ed. 3, p. 457. _ Y. rupestris var.
integra Nyl. in Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. sér. 3, i. p. 429 (1856) ;
subsp. integra Nyl. Lich. Scand. p. 276 (1861); Cromb. Lich.
Brit. p. 114. Sagedia ampullacea Deakin in Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 39, t. 4, fig. 11 (1854) ?
Differs from V. rupestris in the entire peritheciai wall and the
somewhat large perithecia and spores.
Hab. On rocks, mostly calcareous, mortar, ka.—Distr. Eather
rare in S., Central and N. England, among the Scottish Grampians