apices, and there usually separate; spores ellipsoid, 0,008-11 mni.
long, 0,006-7 mm. th ic k ; hymenial gelatine pale-bluish with
iodine.—Cromb. Lieh. Brit. p. 85 ; Leight. Lich. FL p. 291 ; ed.
3, p. 297.
The thallus is sometimes niuoose-gelatinous, resulting probably
from the habitat. In our specimens the apothecia are somewhat
scattered. The spermogones are frequent, with simple, short sterigmata
and ellipsoid, oblong spermatia, about 0,004 mm. long,
0,0015 mm. thick.
Hah. On shady rocks in mountainous districts.—Distr. Local and
scarce in N. Wales and S.W. Ireland.—B. M. Trefriw Falls, Denbighshire
; Croghan, Killarney, Kerry.
176. L. alienata Nyl. in Flora Ixii. p. 362 (1879).—Thallus
effuse, somewhat granular or leprose, unequal, thin, scattered,
greyish-yellow (Kf + yellowish, K(CaCl) + pale-tawny-reddish).
Apothecia minute, prominent, thinly margined, glomerulose-
connate, b la c k ; paraphyses moderate, pale-bluish a t the apices;
hypothecium blackish; spores ellipsoid, 0,012-15 mm. long,
0,007—8 mm. th ic k ; hymenial gelatine scarcely tinged, bu t the
asci bluish then tawny, with iodine.— Lithographa Larhalestierii
Leight. Lich. FI. ed. 3, p. 394 (1879).
Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 153.
From its graphideine aspect referred by Leighton to Lithographa.
In the absence of spermogones its systematic place is.
doubtful. The fructification constitutes irregular, scattered glomerules,
each of which is composed of 12 or more apothecia. The
gonidia are either simple or subglomerulose.
Hab. On moist schistose rocks.—B. M. Kylemore Lake, Galway.
177. L. advertens Nyl. in Flora xlix. p. 419 (1866).—Thallus
indeterminate, thin, subfurfuraceous, byssoid, olive-black (K —,
CaCl — ). Apothecia minute, a t length somewhat convex ana
immarginate, b la c k ; paraphyses concrete; epithecium sordid-
bluish ; hypothecium black or brownish-black ; spores ellipsoid,
0,011-14 mm. long, 0,007-9 mm. th ick ; hymenial gelatine bluish
with iodine.—Leight. in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, ix. p. 468
(1867) & Lich. FI. p. 255 ; ed. 3, p. 2 5 1 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit.
p. 86.
Associated with a cyanophyceons alga, and has the aspect externally
of Spilonema revertens.
Hab. On calcareous rocks in maritime and subalpine tracts.—
Distr. Found only in Wales and N. W. Ireland.—B. M. Giltar Point,
Tenby, Pembrokeshire.
178. L. segregans Nyl. in Flora xlix. p. 372 (1866).—
Thallus indeterminate, verrucose-graniilar, whitish or greyish-
white, the granules more or less segregate, or here and there
confluent; hypothallns blackish, usually little visible. Apothecia
small, subplane, immarginate, a t length convex, often aggregateconfluent
and then ra th e r small, b la c k ; hypothecium brown ;
paraphyses not well discrete, spores oblong, 0,010-13 mm. long,
0,0035-45 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine pale-bluish then tawny-
wine-coloured with iodine.—Leight. in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist,
ser. 3, xix. p. 332 (1867) & Lich. FI. p. 282 ; ed. 3, p. 286;
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 92. Specimen not seen.
Nylander places this near L. melancheima Tuck, though in the
absence of the spermogones, its position is uncertain.
Hab. On a mica-schist rock.—Distr. Ben Lawers, Perthshire.
179. L. neglecta Nyl. in Not. Sallsk. Faun. & FL Fenn
iv. p. 233 (1859) & Lich. Scand. p. 244.—Thallus sub
determinate, thinly granulose, greyish-white or leaden-greyish
the granules minute, subconfluent in patches (K + y e llow
CaCl — ). Apothecia minute, superflcial, somewhat plane, black
opaque, the margin obtuse, a t length evanescent; paraphyses
dark-brownish a t the apices; hypothecium brownish or dark
spores oblong or fusiform-oblong, 0,008-11 mm. long, 0,003—4 mm.
thick; hymenial gelatine not tinged or only sordid-yellow with
iodine.—Cromb. in Journ. Bot. xiii. p. 141 (1875); Leight. Lich.
FI. ed. 3, p. 276,
Exsicc. Cromb. n. 189.
A very distinct and rather peculiar species, which in a sterile
condition might readily be taken for a rudimentary condition of a
Stereocaulon. The thallus, normally orbicular, becomes, through the
confluence of several, more or less effuse. Apothecia rare.
Hab. Incrusting mosses (Grimmias and Andreaeas) on boulders
in a subalpine district.—Distr. Local and scarce on the S. Grampians,
Scotland, and in N. England.—B. M. Ben Lawers, Perthshire.
180. L. ohsoleta Nyl. in Flora xlviii. p. 604 (1865).—Thallus
not visible. Apothecia minute, opaque, black, concolorous
within, the margin obtuse or indistinct ; paraphyses discrete,
the apices subclavate, thickened, nearly colourless ; hypothecium
sordid brownish; spores oblong, sometimes obsoletely septate,
0,009-11 mm. long, 0,003 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine scarcely
tinged with iodine.—Leight. in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3,
xvii. p. 350 (1866) & Lich. FI. p. 299 ; ed. 3, p. 309 ; Cromb.
Lich. Brit., p. 92. Specimen not seen.
Differs from the preceding in the absence of a proper thallus and
in the character of the paraphyses.
Hab. On cretaceous soil in an upland situation.—Distr. The
Downs, near Lewes, Sussex.
181. L. pedatula Nyl. in Flora lix. p. 236 (1876).—Thallus
effuse, thin, granulose, whitish (K + yellow). Apothecia minute,
somewhat convex, stipitate, immarginate, bla ck ; hymenium
in thin section bluish, the epithecium d a rk e r; hypothecium
stipitiform, reddish; spores not seen fully developed ; hymenial
II. H