t ic o t h b c ium ] EXCLUDED SPECIES 343
specific divergence from the type, but in many specimens individual
perithecia become larger or are more emergent.
Hah. On the bark of t r e e s . -R if e . Almost
thnn the species; not recorded from Scotland.—R. M. Jersey,
Sark- Withiel, Cornwall; Becky Falls, Ullaoombe, and Berry
Castle Totnes, Devon; Chelford, Gloucestershire; Wakehurst and
Hastings, Sussex; Bagley AVoods, B®rks ; Gloddaeth Conway Carnarvonshire
; Bolton AVoods, Lancashire; Kildale and Ayton, Cleve
land, Yorkshire; Derryouintry and Toro Mts., Cromaglown, Crogham
and Muokruss Demesne, Killarney, Kerry.
119 ANTHRACOTHECIUM Hampe ex Massal. in A tt. 1st.
Venet. ser. 3, v. p. 300 (1860); A. Zahlbr. in Engler & P ra n tl
Pflanzenf. i. 1*, p. 68 (1903). (PI. 55.)
Thallus crustaceous, superficial or developed w ith in th e
su b s tra tum . P e rith e c ia simple, sc a tte red or coherent, more or
less immersed, globose or somewhat a n g u la r with en tire p e rithec
iai w a ll; paraphyses unbranched, f r e e ; spores 1-8 m tn e
ascus, elongate or ellipsoid, brown, muriform, th e cells containing
lentiform, ro u n d or an g u la r guttie. Spermogones globose, sm a ll;
spermatia th read lik e , bent.
A corticolous, tropical and subtropical genus, with only one
representative in Europe.
1 A hihernicum A. L. Sm.—Thallus yellowish-olive or
brownish, waxy, continuous, smooth and somewhat shining
Perithecia globose, large, black, deeply immersed in the tissue ot
the substratum, solitary or usually several cohering, opening by a
pore, raising and splitting the thallus and cu tic le ; peritheciai
wall very thick, entire, with an inner very dark lay e r;
paraphyses numerous, slender; asci Kspored, th e spores vary-
ino- in form and size, usually ellipsoid and b lunt a t the ends,
sometimes slightly bent, colourless, usually becoming brown,
with 1-5 distinct septa and others less clearly marked, muriform
the walls between the cells swollen and indistinct, the
separate cells visible only as separate globose or angular guttse,
0 050-110 mm. long, 0,020-40 mm. th ic k .— Verrucaria Jiihernica
Nyl. in Flora li. p. 163 (1868). V. pyrenuloides war. hbermca
Carroll in Journ. Bot. vi. p. 101 (1868); Cromb. Lich. B n t.
p. 118 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 458; ed. 3, p. 490.
Considered by Nylander to be closely allied to, if not a variety of,
Vm-ruoaria vyrenuloides {Trypethelium pijrenuloides Mont. in Ann.
Sci. Nat. sér. 2, xix. p. 69 (1843) ), a plant of tropical and subtropical
regions. I t differs in the lighter-coloured thallus and somewhat m
the form of the spores. I have not seen a specimen of Montagne s
plant.
Hab. On hazel.—R. M. Toro Mt. and Eagle’s Nest, Killarney,
Kerry (the only localities).
I
Parasitic Species formerly included among lichens of the two
previous Natural Orders but now classified as fungi. {See Trans.
Brit. Mycol. Soc. iii. pp. 174-178 (1910).)
Species with brown 2-celled spores, parasitic on other lichens,
belong to Ticotheoium, now regarded as a genus of Pyrenomycetes.
These a r e :—
Ticothecium gemmiferum Koerb. Parerg. p. 468 (1865);
Mass. in Grevillea xvii. p. 4.— Verrucaria gemmifera Tayl. in
Mackay PI. Hib. ii. p. 95 (1836) ; Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 47,
t. 20, fig. 3 & Lich. Fl. p. 464 ; ed. 3, 495. V. rugulosa Borr.
ex Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 47, t. 21, fig. 1 & Lich. Fl. p. 440;
ed. 3, p. 470? V. Larbalestierii Leight. in Trans. Linn. Soo.
ser. 2, i. p. 242, t. 33, figs. 15-17 (1878) & Lich. Fl. ed. 3,
p. 471 (spore measurements too large). Endococcus gemmiferus
Nyl. in Maine et Loire Mém. Soc. Acad. iv. p. 64 (1858) ;
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 122. E. rugulosus Nyl. in Act. Soc. Linn.
Bord. sér. 3, i. p. 439 (1856) ; Cromb. I. c. Microthelia rugulosa
Mudd Man. p. 306 (1861). M. gemmifera Mudd tom. cit. p. 307.
T. calcaricolum Arn. in Verb. Zool.-Bot. Ges. xxiii. p. 521
(1873); Mass. in Grevillea I. c.— Microthelia calcaricola Mudd Man.
tom. cit. p. 306, t. 5, fig. 128 (1861). Endococcus calcareus Nyl.
ex Cromb. I. c. Verrucaria calcaricola Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 464 ;
ed. 3, p. 495.
T. perpusillum Arn. in Flora Ivii. p. 27 (1874); Mass. in
Grevillea I. c.— Endococcus perpusillus Nyl. in Act. Soc. Linn.
Bord. sér. 3, i. p. 439 (1856); Oromb. Jffch. Brit. p. 123.
Verrucaria. perpusilla Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 464; ed. 3, p. 496.
T. pygmseum Koerb. in Denkschr. Schles. Ges. Vaterl.
Kultur, p. 236, t. 6, fig. 12 (1853); Mass. in Grevillea tom. cit.
p. 5.— Microthelia pygmsea Koerb. Syst. Lich. Germ. j). 374
(1855); Mudd Man. p. 307.
A-^ar. ventosicola AVint. in Rabenhorst’s Krypt. Fl. i. 2,
p. 349 (1887).— Microthelia ventosicola Mudd Man. p. 307 (1861).
Sphæria ventosaria Lindsay in Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin. xxiv.
p. 439 (1866). Endococcus ventosus Nyl. ex Cromb. Lich. Brit,
p. 123 (1870). Verrucaria ventosicola Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 463;
ed. 3, p. 495.
T. squamarioides AVint. in Hedw. xxv. p. 17 (1886); Mass.
in Grevillea I. c.— Sphæria squamarioides Mudd Man. p. 130
(1861).
T. erraticum Massai. Symm. Lich. p. 94 (1855).— Endococcus
erraticus Nyl. in Maine et Loire Mém. Soc. Acad. iv. p. 64
(1858); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 122. Verrucaria erratica height.
Lich. Fl. p. 465 ; ed. 3, p. 496.