Var. siderella Nyl. in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherb. v. p. 131
(1857) & in Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. sér. 3, i. p. 405 (1856).—
Thallus usually smooth. Apothecia narrow, often slightly
flattened, growing in more or less radiate-stellate groups;
spermogones with shorter slightly-bent or straight spermatia
0,003-6 mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick.—Mudd Man. p. 233.
Var. subsiderella Nyl. Lich. Scand. p. 255 (1861); Cromb.
Lich. Brit. p. 99 ; f. subsiderella Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 385 (1871);
ed. 3, p. 407. 0. liapaleoides Nyl. in Flora Hi. p. 296 (1869) ?
Cromb. in Journ. Bot. xi. p. 135 (1873); Leight. Lich. Fl.
ed. 3, p. 408. Lichen siderellus Ach. Lich. Suec. Prodr. p. 24
(1798)?
Exsicc. Mudd n. 212; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 78 (as 0.
liapaleoides).
Hab. On bark of trees.—Distr. Somewhat rare throughout Great
Britain.—B. M. Near Lustleigh, Devon; near Brockenhurst, New
Forest, Hants ; near Lewes, near Poynings Springs, Beeding and
Blatchington, Sussex ; Broomfield and Booking, Essex ; Alfrick and
Norton, and near Claines,Worcestershire ; Dolgelly, Merioneth ; Easby,
Cleveland, Yorkshire; Nannau, Dolgelly, Merioneth; Barcaldine,
Argyll; Kenmore, Perth sh ire ; Carrigaloe, near Cork; Muckruss
Demesne, Killarney, Kerry ; Doughruagh Mt., Glendalough and Kylemore,
Connemara, Galway.
18. 0. areniseda Nyl. in Flora Iviii. p. 446 (1875).—Thallus
scarcely visible. Apothecia black, linear, very long, massed
in small heaps ; disc narrow ; hypotheoium blackish-brown ; paraphyses
slender, branched, conglutinate; spores colourless, fusiform,
3-5-septate, up to 0,030 mm. long, 0,004-6 mm. th ick ; spermogones
heaped in small groups with straight spermatia, 0,0035-45
mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick.—Cromb. in Journ. Bot. xiv. p. 362
(1876); Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 406. 0. actophila Nyl. in
Flora Ixiii. p. 13 (1880); Cromb. in Grevillea viii. p. 113 &
in Journ. Bot. xx. p. 276 (1882).
Nylander gives spore measurements as 0,014-16 inm. lo n g ; when
fully developed, however, they measure from 0,020-30 mm. in length,
and are usually 5-septate.
Hab. On sandy soil and old wood.—Distr. Very rare in the
Channel Islands (Jersey).—B. M. On sandy soil: Noirmont and
Beloroute Bay. On decayed rafters : St. Jo h n ’s.
19. 0. zonata Koerb. Syst. Lich. Germ. p. 279 (1855).—
Thallus reddish or reddish-brown, thin, subtartareous, smoothish,
with numerous yellowish-white soredia, limited and intersected
by raised blackish lines formed by the hypothallns. Apothecia
small, brownish-black, scattered, shortly oblong or round, the
margins elevated, often resembling the perithecium of a Verrucaria
; hypothecium subtended by a thinnish black line, colourless
or brownish ; paraphyses conglutinate ; spores elongate-fusiform,
5-septate, 0,016-21 mm. long, 0,003-4 mm. thick.—Leight. Lich.
Fl. ed. 3, p. 408. Verrucaria horistica Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 451
(1871) ; ed. 3, p. 482 & in Grevillea i. p. 60, t. 4, f. 1.
Well characterized by the presence of soredia, and usually by the
numerous, prominent, intersecting black lines.
Hab. On rocks.—Distr. Bare in the Channel Islands, N. Wales
and N England.-B. M. Port Gorey, Sark; Boulay Bay, Jersey;
Cader Idris, Merioneth ; Llyn Cwlyd, near Capel Curig, Bettws-y-
Coed and Trefriw, Carnarvon ; above Scroggs Bridge, Westmoreland.
■ 20. 0. cæsariensis Nyl. in Flora li. p. 477 (1868).—Thallus
white, indeterminate, thin, often only slightly developed. Apothecia
prominent, cylindrical, simple, subflexuose about 1 mm.
in length ; disc slit-like ; paraphyses conglutinate ; hypothecium
and epithecium dark-brown or blackish ; spores oblong-fusiform
colourless, 5-septate, 0,017-21 mm. long, 0,004 mm. th ick .-^
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 99; Leight. Lich. PI. p. 383 ; ed. 3,
Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 353 & Lich. Cæsar. n. 43 (?)
(improperly developed).
Hab On quartzose rooks.—Distr. Eare in the Channel Islands
and S. England. B. M. Sark; near Rozel, La Coupe, Noirmont and
L Etacq(?) ; Jersey; the Lizard and Pentire, St. Minver, Cornwall.
21. 0. lithyrga Ach. Lich. Hniv. p. 247 (1810) pro parte
ife Syn. p. 72 (1814) (mcl. var. steriza).—Thallus greenish-
grey, dark-coloured, or whitish, sometimes wanting. Apothecia
roundish, elongate-ovoid or usually elongate and slender, simple
or sometimes divided, rarely stellately arranged or in groups •
disc n arrow; margins incurved; paraphyses slender, distinct,’
not discrete; spores narrow, fusiform, colourless, 5-7-septate’
0,020-28 mm. long, 0,003, rarely 0,004-5 mm. thick ; spermogones
with straight or slightly-bent spermatia, 0,004-5 mm. lono-
0,001 mm. thick.—0. vulgata vars. lithyrga & steriza Nyl. Lich!
Scand. p. 255 (1861) ; f. lithyrga Stiz. in Nov. Act. Acad
Leop.-Carol. xxxii. 4, p. 7, t. 1, f. 2 (1865) ; Cromb. Lich. B rit’
p. 99; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 385; ed. 3, p. 408; f. steriza
Leight. ll. c.
Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Hb. nos. 318, 354; Lich. Cæsar. n. 42.
Distinguished by the usually slender thread-like apothecia and bv
tJie narrow spores resembling those of 0. vulgata.
Hab On rooks.—Distr. Eare in the Channel Islands, Central
England and S. and W. Ireland.—B. M. St. Brelade’s Bay and Noirmont,
Jersey; Crogham, Killarney, Kerry.
22. 0. lithyrgodes Nyl. in Flora Iviii, p. 106 (1875).—
Thallus reddish-brown, thin, continuous. Apothecia minute,
scattered, shining-black, sessile, oblong or linear-oblong ; disc
narrow; margins thickish, round, inflexed; spores elongate,
E 2