somewhat prominent, convex, simple or conglomerate and
verrucose, brown, dark within ; paraphyses coherent; epithecium
colourless ; hypothecium b row n ; spores ellipsoid, 0,006-9 mm.
long, 0,0035-45 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine tawny-wine-red
with iodine.—Leight. Lich. FI. ed. 3, p. 247.
Closely allied to L. botryocarpa Nyl., which does not occur in
Great Britain, externally agreeing w ith it in the thallus and apothecia.
The thallus looks as if minutely appresso-squamulose, and, as
Nylander states, the hypothecia are confluent in one common brown
hypothecium in each glomerule of the apothecia. British specimen
not seen.
Hab. On schistose rooks in a mountainous district.—Distr.
Extremely local and scarce on the S. Grampians, Scotland (Ben
Voirlioh, Perthshire).
72. L. grumosa Leight. in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, i. p. 242,
t. xxxiii. figs. 7 & 9 (1878).—Thallus evanescent. Apothecia
reddish-brown, minute, scattered, adnate, sessile, somewhat convex,
the slight margin soon obliterated ; hypothecium colourless;
hymenium yellow, grumous; paraphyses indistinct, colourless ;
spores oblong, with granular contents, 0,013-15 mm. long,
0,007—9 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine blue then yellowish with
iodine.—Leight. Lich. FI. ed. 3, p. 309. Specimen not seen.
Hab. On pine bark, rare. Collected by Larbalestier at Ballina-
hinch, Galway.
73. L. callicarpa Larb. ex Leight. Lich. FI. ed. 3, p. 266
(1879). — Thallus pale-whitish sulphur-coloured, pulverulent,
granular, effuse (K —, CaCl — th en reddish). Apothecia pallid
flesh-coloured, minute, clustered or scattered, convex, somewhat
pruinose, immarginate; hypothecium colourless; paraphyses
coherent, apices colourless; spores not seen. Specimen not
seen.
Hah. On damp perpendicular rocks at Gleneorbot, near Kylemore,
Galway.
74. L. leptostigma Nyl. in Flora li. p. 344 (1868).—Thallus
subdeterminate, somewhat thick, rimulose, greyish-white (K — ,
CaCl — ). Apothecia small, innate, thin, gregarious, brownish-
black ; paraphyses moderate, thickened upwards, sordid-yellow
towards the apices ; hypothecium pale-yellowish ; asci cylindrical;
spores globose or globoso-ellipsoid, uniserate, 0,005-9 mm. in
diameter ; hymenial gelatine not tinged with iodine.—Cromb.
in Journ. Bot. vii. p. 49 (1869) & Lich. Brit. p. 76 ; Leight. JAch.
FI. p. 356 ; ed. 3, p. 385.
A rather obscure plant, differing from the other species of this
sub-section in the form of the spores and the other characters
given. The thallus, however, in all probability is not proper. In
this case, and from the absence of any reaction of the hymenial
l e c id e a ] LECIDBACB® 49
gelatine, the numerous parasitic apothecia would perhaps rather'
belong to the Fungi.
Hab. On a mica-schistose boulder in a subalpine situation.—B. M.
Near Loch-na-Gat, Ben Lawers, Perthshire (the only locality).
75. L. calpodes Stirton in Trans. Glasgow Soc. Nat. 1875,
p. 88.—Thallus dark-grey, cracked-areolate, the areolse somewhat
convex, contiguous or dispersed. Apothecia black, minute,
numerous, innate-sessile, concave, suburceolate, acutely margined,
becoming p lane; hypothecium brown or pallid-brown, thin ;
paraphyses irregular, indistinct, branching, brownish a t the apices;
spores eJlipsoid, almost spherical, 0,007-9 mm. long, 0,006-7 mm.
th ick ; hymenial gelatine slightly blue then wine-red with iodine.
—Leight. Lich. FI. ed. 3, p. 288. Specimen not seen.
Hab. On rocks.
Collected by Dr. Stirton at Killiecrankie, Perthshire.
76. L. ruhidula Nyl. in Flora Ixvii. p. 214 (1884).—Thallus
effuse, scarcely visible. Apothecia small, subglobose, ferruginous-
red ; subconcolorous w ith in ; hypothecium not d a rk ; paraphyses
slender, not well discrete ; epithecium tawny-ochraceous (K +
purplish); asci saccate; spores globose, 0,006-7 mm. in
diameter; hymenial gelatine pale-bluish then tawny-wine-red
with iodine. Specimen not seen.
A well-marked species with much of the aspect of Biatorella
ochrophora. Nylander observes th a t the thalamium and hypothecium
contain chrysophanic acid, though in less degree th an the epithecium
Origmally found m Behring’s Straits, it has since been detected
sparingly in Yorkshire {fide Nyl. Lich. Labuan et Singapore, p. 44).
Hab. On calcareous rocks in a hilly district.—D7«Zr. Onlv in
N. England (Hebden, Yorkshire).
§ iii. E d lec id ea Nyl. in Not. Sallsk. Faun. & El. Fenn
n. ser. v. p. 157 (1866) (PI. 7).
Thallus very variable, a t times evanescent or entirely absent.
Apothecia lecideine, plane or convex, black, rarely brownish-
black ; asci usually 8- spored; spores simple, rarely 1-septate,
colourless or brownish. Spermogones with simple or simplish
sterigmata and straight occasionally arcuate spermatia.
Contains a large number of species growing, with few exceptions,
on rocks, stones or earth, and occurring most frequently in upland or
alpme regions. The apothecia are usually black and carbonaceous,
though sometimes coloured and almost biatorine.
77. L. protrusa Er. Lich. Eur. p. 324 (1831).—Thallus effuse,
pale, sulphur-coloured, thickish, crustaceous, granular-verrucose,
the granules contiguous or scattered, sometimes sorediate
(K + yellow, CaCl + orange-red). Apothecia black, numerous,
E