slender, discrete, often irreg u la r; epithecium minutely granulose,
yellow-ochraceous (K + rose-violet) ; hypothecium colourless
spores spherical, 0,0035-45 mm. in d iameter; hymenial gelatine
bluish with iodine.—Lecidea ochrophora Nyl. in Flora xlviii..
p. 355 (1865); Carroll in Journ. Bot. vii. p. 100 (1868);.
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 7 5 ; Leight. Lich. Fi. p. 3 5 4 ; ed. 3,
p. 383.
Distinguished amongst its allies by the ochrey-pulverulent
apothecia, which are a t times several aggregate; when the powdery
surface is rubbed off they become brown.
Hah. Spreading over decayed mosses on trunlis of trees in maritune
and upland districts.—Distr. Very local and rare in the Channel
Islands and S.W. Ireland.—B. M. Eozel, Je rsey ; Dinish, Killarney,.
Kerry.
3. B. moriformis Th. Pr. Lich. Scand. p. 401 (1874).—Thallus.
effuse, thinnish or thin, granulose-leprose, greyish or brownish
grey (K + yellow, CaCl + red), often evanescent. Apothecia
submoderate or small, sessile, somewhat plane or convex, immarginate,
blackish or brownish-black, greyish within ; paraphyses
very slender, indistinct, the epithecium seruginous-green or dark-
brownish olive; hypothecium colourless; asci tum id ; spores
globose, minute, 0,0025-35 mm. in diameter ; hymenial gelatine
deep-blue then dark with iodine.—B. resinse var. rubicundulse
Mudd Man. p. 191 (1861). Arthonia moriformis Ach. Syn. p. 5
(1814). Lecidea tantilla Nyl. in Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. xxi.
p. 363 (1856); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 76; Leight. Lich. FI.
p. 3 5 4 ; ed. 3, p. 382. L. improvisa Nyl. in Not. Sallsk. Faun.
& FI. Fenn. iv. p. 233 (1859); Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 76.
_ The thallus, greyish-green when moist, varies somewhat in
thickness, and is often either almost absent or obliterated by other
lichens associated with i t; it usually spreads extensively over the
substratum, especially when subevanescent. The apothecia are
numerous, scattered or approximate, unequal, sometimes two together;
when moistened, or when the plant grows in shady situations, they
are reddish-brown. The epithecium varies in colour from seruginous-
green to olive-brown or to a bright brown (described as Sarcogyne
pinícola Massal. in Lotos 1856, p. 78; Biatorella pinícola Th. Fr. I. c.).
Pycnidia occasionally occur, but they may not belong to the plant.
Hab. On old palings in lowland and upland tracts.—Distr. Somewhat
plentiful throughout England, rare in Wales, not recorded from
Scotland or Ireland.—B. M. Penshurst, Kent ; Eeigate, Surrey ;
Millhill, Middlesex; Spetohley, Whittington and Hindlip, Worcestershire;
Stableford, Port Hill, near Shrewsbury, Neescliff', Wellington,
Upton Magna and Bomere Pool, Shropshire; Nannau, Dolgelly,
Merioneth ; near Eedoar and Stokesley, Cleveland, Yorkshire.
4. B. resinsB Th. Fr. Lich. Arct. p. 199 (I860).—Thallus
effuse, very thin, leprose-granulose, greyish or greyish-green
(K —, CaCl — ), usually obsolete. Apothecia small or moderate,
adnate, somewhat concave or plane, pale-yellowish-brown or
orange-red, the margin thin, pale, a t length evanescent ; paraphyses
very slender, discrete, yellowish ; hypothecium pale ;
spores globose, 0,0025-35 mm. in diameter; hymenial gelatine
deep-blue with iodine.—Mudd Man. p. 191 (excl. var.). Lecidea
resinæLv. Obs. Myc. i. p. 180 (1815); Nyl. in Act. Soc. Linn.
Bord. ser. 3, i. p. 363 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 76 ; Leight. Lich.
FI. p. 354 ; ed. 3, p. 383 (excl. form) & in Grevillea i. p. 58, t. 4,
f. 9. Peziza resinse Fr. Syst. Myc. ii. p. 149 (1822); Cooke
Handb. Brit. Fung. p. 706.
Lxsicc. Leight. n. 277.
A plant variously referred by authors to Lichens or to Fungi. If
the thallus, as described above, be proper, it belongs to the former as
it contains gonidia. When the thallus is absent, often there is
sparingly visible a soft fungoid mycelium, which would seem to
indicate th a t it is a Peziza. I t is retained here from its apparent
affinity to other species of Biatorella. The spermogones, concolorous
with the apothecia, sometimes occur by themselves, when
they are known as Sphæria resinæ Fr.
Hab. On resinous bark and decorticated trunks of firs in hilly and
mountainous districts.—Distr. Seen from only a few scattered
localities in Great Britain ; not recorded from Ireland.—A. M. Shiere,
Surrey; Bettws-y-Coed, Carnarvonshire; Trefriw, Denbighshire;
Cliffrigg, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Staveley, Westmoreland ; Craig
Calliaoh and Ben Lawers, Perthshire; Countesswells Woods, near
Aberdeen; Eothiemurchus Woods, Invernessshire.
5. B. difformis Wainio in Helsingf. Faun. & FI. Fenn. Medd.
X. p. 143 (1883).— Thallus indistinct or absent (K — , CaCl — ).
Apothecia small, a t first concave and thinly margined, becoming
slightly convex and immarginate, black, opaque, concolorous
within ; paraphyses discrete ; epithecium and hypothecium brown ;
spores globulose, 0,0020—25 mm. in diameter ; hymenial gelatine
and asci deep-blue w ith iodine.—Peziza difformis Fr. Syst. Mycol.
ii. p. 151 (1823). Lecidea difformis Nyl. Peziz. Fenn. p. 68 (1868) ;
Cromb. in Grevillea xxii. p. 59. L. resinse f, cicatricicola Leight.
in Grevülea i. p. 59, t. 4, f. 9, c, e, g, h (1872) & Lich. FL ed. 3,
p. 383 ; Cromb. in Grevillea I. c.
Differs from the preceding in the colour of the apothecia and
hypothecium and in the rather smaller spores. The thallus, described
by Leighton as being brownish, greenish-brown, or purplish, is
evidently foreign ; it grows intermixed with A. resinæ. The spermogones,
not unfrequent, are black.
Hab. On resinous bark of firs in upland wooded districts.—AZsZr.
Seen from only two localities in England and Wales; no doubt
to be detected elsewhere.—A. M. Shiere, Surrey; Bettws-y-Coed,
Carnarvonshire.
6. B. Morio Mudd Man. p. 192 (1861) pro parte.—Thallus
greyish-black, areolate, the areolæ blackish or yellowish-copper-
coloured, plane, angular, somewhat shining, radiate-plicate a t
the circumference, hypothallns brownish-black. Apothecia minute.