xix. p. 305 (1875)) calls attention to the very considerable variation in
form and size of the spores of maritime lichens.
Hah. On maritime rocks, rarely on pebbles in streams.—Distr. Eare
in the Channel Islands, S. Wales, E. and W. Scotland, and N., S. and
W. Ireland.—B. M. St. Aubin’s Bay and St. Ouen’s Bay, Jersey ; Coast
of Alderney ; Manorbeer Bay near Tenby, Pembrokeshire ; Ardrishaig,
Argyll ; Caber Mountain, Kerry ; Kilkee, Clare ; Killery Bay, Connemara,
Galway ; Barclay’s Eock, Down.
3. V. microspora Nyl. in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 4, iii. p. 175
(1855) (incl. f. lialophila).—Thallus olivaceous or blackish-green,
thin, continuous, gelatinous, smooth, effuse or determinate.
Perithecia moderate in size, numerous, crowded, semi-immersed,
black and shining, opening by a pore or somewhat depressed a t
the apex ; peritheciai wall dimidiate ; spores minute, ellipsoid
0,007-0,010 mm. long, 0,004-5 mm. th ic k ; hymenial gelatine
faintly wine-red with iodine.—Carroll in Journ. Bot. iii. p. 292
(1865) ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 113. F. lialopliila Nyl. ex Leight.
Lich. Fl. p. 413 ; ed. 3, p. 445 (excl. syns. F. aqnatilis and
F. leptotera). V. Wliichcotii Larb. ex Leight. ll. c. V. littoralis
Tayl. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vi. p. 154 (1847) ?
Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 195 & Lich. Cæsar. n. 100 ; Mudd
n. 970 ; Leight. n. 33 pro parte (as F. maura).
Differs from F. mucosa, to which it is closely allied, in the thinner
thallus, and the more prominent perithecia. A specimen from Jersey
labelled F. littoralis Tayl. is intermixed and almost obscured by the
red encrusting alga, Hildenhrandtia rosea. Miiller-Argau (Flora
Ixxi. p. 550 (1888)) may have had a similar specimen, or part of a
specimen in view when he referred the whole of Taylor’s F. littoralis
to the alga.
Hdb. On maritime rocks or stones washed by the sea.—Distr.
Eare on the sea coasts of the British Isles.—B. M. Grève-au-Lançon
and St. Aubin’s Bay, Je rsey ; Baggy Point, Mudstone and Brixham,
Devon ; Luccombe Chine, I. of Wight ; Tenby, Pembrokeshire ;
Conway Bay, Carnarvonshire ; Black Hall Books, Hartlepool,
Durham.
4. V. striatula Wahlenb. in Ach. Meth. Suppl. p. 21 (1803).
•—Thallus shining black or greenish-black, gelatinous, consisting
of numerous small elevated scattered ridges or lines irregularly
or dendritically arranged. Perithecia minute, shining black,
sessile, with a large depression a t the apex ; peritheciai wall
dimidiate ; spores 8 in the ascus, colourless, ellipsoid, small,
0,.008-9 mm. long, 0,004-5 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine wine-
red with iodine.—Hook, in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 155 (excl. syn.) ;
Carroll in Journ. Bot. iii. p. 292 ^ 8 6 5 ); Cromb. Lich. Brit,
p. 113 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 414 ; ed. 3, p. 445. Lithocia striatula
S. P. Gray Nat. Arr. i. p. 498 (1821) (excl. var.).
The thalline ridges are scattered or in somewhat crowded groups.
They are formed from tips of the fungal hyphæ, which are blaokishgreen
and arranged in short closely serried ranks. The perithecia are
scattered among the ridges, and are usually sessile on the substratum.
Hab On maritime rocks.—Disir. Eare in the Channel Islands and
S. England.—E. M. Coast of Alderney ; St. Aubin’s Fort, Greve-au-
Lançon and Piémont, Jersey ; Jerbourg, Guernsey.
5. V. scotina Wedd. in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherb. p. 298
(1875) e descript.—Thallus brownish-black or umber-brown,
ra th e r thin, effuse, scabrid or occasionally cracked-areolate, sometimes
almost entirely evanescent. Perithecia black, prominent,
conical or hemispherical, rather large ; peritheciai wall entire or
subentire; spores ellipsoid, sometimes almost round, obtuse a t
the ends, 0,010-17 ram. long, 0,005-9 mm. thick, colourless.
Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Cæsar. n. 98 (as F. margacea).
Agrees with other maritime species in the very dark-ooloured thallus
but low s above tide-level and is less distinctly mucilagmous.
Weddell noted {I. c.) an odour of violets due without doubt to some
alga with which it is associated.
Hab. On rocks by the seashore.—DisZr. Only recorded f r ^ the
Channel Islands.—E. M. Noirmont, Piémont and near He Peroee,
Jersey.
Aquatic species growing in or near streams, etc. ; thallus subgelatinous,
continuous or becoming cracked-areolate.
6. V. aq u a tilis Mudd Man. p. 285, t. 5, fig. 121 (1861).-—
Thallus thin, continuous or in spots, mucilaginous, dull olive-bia(ffi.
Perithecia minute, numerous, semi-immersed or often covered by
the thallus, slightly depressed a t the apex, opening by a pore ;
peritheciai wall black, dimidiate ; asci small, saccate, 8-spored ;
spores small, broadly elliptical or subglobose, colourless, 0,006-8
mm. long, 0,005-7 mm. thick.— F. margacea var. aquatilis Cromb.
Lich. Brit. p. 112.
Exsicc. Mudd n. 971.
Hab. On rooks and stones in the beds of upland streams and
rivulets.—EZsZr. Eare in W. and N. England.—E. M. Church
Stretton, Shropshire; Malvern Hills, Worcestershire; Ayton, Cleveland,
Yorkshire.
7. V. imhrida Tayl. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot, vi. p. 153
(1847) —Thallus effuse, thin, tartareous, equal, cracked, brownish-
black, olivaceous when moist. Perithecia minute, immersed
scarcely visible, with a wide margined ostiole. Specimen not
seen.
From the description, possibly allied to L. aquaMvs or V. kyirela
Considered by Müller-Argau (Flora Ixxi. p. 550 (1888)) to be referable
to the genus Pyrenopsis and quoted by Crombie under P. subareolata
(Part I. p. 24).
Hab. On smooth rocks near the spray of waterfalls ; Kerry.