Nyl. in tom. cit. p. 18; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 109 ; Leight. Lich.
Fl. p. 428; ed. 3, p. 459. V. cartilagínea Carroll in Journ. Bot.
iv. p. 24 (1866).
Hah. On the earth.—Bistr. Eare in Alpine localities.—B. M.
Summit of Ben Lawers, and summit of Craig Calliach, Perthshire.
6. D. macrocarpon A. L. Sm.—Thallus of small squamules,
scattered or aggregate, sublobate or subcrenate, appressed, pale-
dusky-olive when dry, light-green when wet. Perithecia immersed
in the squamules, the upper p a rt free, opening by a p o re ;
peritheciai wall thick ; spores 8 in the ascus, ellipsoid, colourless,
very large, 0,040-45 mm. long, 0,015 mm. thick.—Endocarpon
macrocarpon Tayl. in Mackay Fl. Hib. ii. p. 258 (1836) ; Leight.
Angioc. Lich. p. 15, t. 14, f. 2 (1851)? Verrucaria macrocarpa
Mudd Man. p. 290 (1861).
Leighton’s figure represents a globose fruit with a double wall,
the inner enclosing the hymenium, and between it and the base “ a
dirty-white or tartareous mass.” The spores according to the same
figure are simple, brownish-coloured and ellipsoid, about 0,025 mm.
long, 0,012 mm. thick. These characters do not correspond with
those given above of the original specimen from Taylor in the British
Museum. The plant in the single specimen seen is associated with
Pannularia nigra.
Hah. Cn slaty rooks.—Bistr. Very rare in S.W. Ireland.—B. M.
Dunkerron, Kerry (the only locality).
102. NORMANDINA Nyl. in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherb. iii.
p. 191 (1855) emend. ; Wainio Lich. Brésil ii. p. 188 (1890).
(PI. 38.)
Thallus foliaceous or squamulose, the squamules raised or
appressed, without a cortical layer. Algal cells Pleurococcus.
Perithecia immersed, globose or ovate with a blackish wall ;
paraphyses w an tin g ; spores 8 in the ascus, elongate-cylindrical,
septate, colourless, becoming brownish.
A monotypio genus very widely spread in Europe, America and
New Zealand, though not common.
1. N. pulchella Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 107 (1870).—Thallus
glaucous or greenish-grey, squamulose, the squamules round or
rounded-lobate, adnate, often concentrically wrinkled, the margins
raised, thickened or indexed and frequently sorediate, pale-
brownish and tomentose beneath. Perithecia very rare, immersed
in the thallus, the black ostiole p ro tru d in g ; spores linear-cylindrical,
6-7-septate, colourless, becoming brownish, 0,028-40 mm.
long, 0,006-010 mm. th ick ; hymenial gelatine wine-red with
iodine.—Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 408 ; ed. 3, p. 440. Verrucaria
pulchella Borr. in Fngl. Bot. Suppl. t. 2602, f. 1 (1829) (text).
Endocarponpulchellum Borr. in Fngl. Bot. Suppl. t. 2602, f. 1 (1829)
(plate) ; Hook, in Sm. Engl. PI. v. p. 158 ; Tayl. in Mackay Fl.
Hib. ii. p. 101 ; Leight. Angioc. Lich. p. 13, t. 3, f. 1. Normandina
Jungermannise Nyl. in Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. sér. 3, i.
p. 419 (1856) ; Mudd Man. p. 268.
Exsicc. Leight. n. 367 ; Cromb. n. 197 ; Larb. Lich. Hb. 157
& Lich. Cæsar. n. 93.
Hab. On mossy trees.—Distr. Not common, but occurring in all
parts of the British Isles.—B. M. St. Peter’s Valley, Eozel, Jersey;
Guernsey ; near Launceston, and Withiel, near Bodmin, Oornwall ;
Plymouth, near Lidford, Ullacombe near Bovey Tracey, and near
Ilfracombe, Devon; near Eyde, I. of Wight; New Forest, Hants;
St. Leonard’s Forest, Pojmiugs Common, Saddlescomb, Arundel Park,
Glynde, Ardingly, Wiston, Crowborough and Beeding IPriory, Sussex ;
Dolgelly and Barmouth, Merioneth ; Keswick, Cumberland ; The
Trossaohs, Glen Lochay, Glen Fallooh and Finlarig, Killin, Perthshire
; Barcaldine, Argyll ; Glen Nevis, Invernessshire ; Derriquin,
Killarney, Kerry ; Letterfrack, Connemara, Galway.
103. DACAMPIA Massai. Sulla Lecidea Hoolceri di Schærer,
Verona, 1853, p. 7. (PI. 39.)
Thallus squamulose, spreading, with a black subiculum. Algal
cells Pleurococcus. Perithecia entire, carbonaceous ; paraphyses
persistent, branched ; asci elongate ; spores ellipsoid-fusiform,
variously septate and muriform, brown.
A somewliat doubtful monotypio genus ; the perithecia have been
regarded by A. Zahlbruckner (Pflanzenf. i. 1*, p. 78 (1908) ) and other
lichenologists as a fungus parasitic on a liohen-thallus.
1. D. Hookeri Massal. I. c. t. 1, fig. 4.—Thallus squamulose,
whitish, thick, somewhat lobate a t the circumference, appressed
and farinose, not corticated. Perithecia rising from the lower dark
stratum, obpyriform with a somewhat wide ostiole ; peritheciai
wall dark-brown, ra th e r thick, en tire ; paraphyses stoutish,
branched and entangled, conglutinate or free ; asci elongate ;
spores 8 in the ascus, ellipsoid, fusiform, 3-5-septate, rarely only
2-celled, constricted in the middle, becoming muriform, dark-
hrown, the end cells small, lighter in colour, 0,020-35 mm. long,
0,010-12 mm. thick.— Verrucaria Hooheri Borr. in Engl. Bot.
Suppl. t. 2622, fig. 2 (1830) ; Hook, in Sm. Engl. Fl. v. p. 155 ;
Leight. Angioc. Lich. pp. 64, 77, t. 27, fig. 5. Lecidea Hoolceri
Schær. Enum. p. 102 (1850) ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 88 ; Leight.
Lich. Fl. p. 309 ; ed. 3, p. 322.
Exsicc. Leight. n. 318.
Considerable confusion of views has arisen as to the structure
and systematic position of Borrer’s plant, the perithecia having
more recently been described as fungi parasitic on the thallus of
Lecidea Hoolceri, the latter having 2-celled brown spores. There
is no record of L. Hoolceri in Britain other than the specimens bearing
the perithecia of Dacampia, and in that respect the continental
specimens examined agree with the British. The 2-celled brown
spores are occasionally present along with the more developed
muriform ones. The thallus becomes dark-byown in the lower pa,rts,
I I . T