seen by Leighton, and those in the British Museum, including Larb.
Lich. Hb. n. 34, do not agree with the description of Tuckerman’s
species; they are mostly saxicolous forms of B. myriocarpa, but one
of the specimens is Biatorina lenticularis, the form of the paraphyses
in both these species being very similar.
Hab. On trees, palings and rocks.—Bistr. Frequent throughout
the British Isles.—B. M. Lignicolous: Jersey; Lustleigh, Devon;
Lyndhurst and near Menstrie, New Forest, Hants; St. Leonards,
Chiltington and Shermanbury, Sussex ; Penshurst, Kent; Eiohmond
Park, Surrey; Hammersmith and Hampstead Heath, Middlesex;
Windsor Great Park, Berks; near Cirencester, Gloucestershire;
Lewknor and Wheatfield, Oxfordshire; Highbeach, Epping Forest,
Walthamstow, Hockley Woods, Ulting, Stansted, Mount Fitchet,
Broomfield and Hatford Peverel, Essex; Babraham and Gamlingay
(f. Cambridgeshire; near Tuddenham, Suffolk; Thetford
\\ arren and near King’s Lynn, Norfolk; near Pixham Ferry, Worcestersliire;
Polesworth and Leamington, Warwickshire; near Shrewsbury,
Battlefield, Church Stretton, Haughmond Hill and Newport,
Shropshire ; Elmhurst, Staffordshire; Twycross, Leicestershire; Barmouth
and Dolgelly, Merioneth; Bettws-y-Coed, Carnarvonshire;
near Stokesley, Cleveland, Yorkshire; Teesdale, Durham; Orton,
Westmoreland; Keswick and Ennerdale, Cumberland; Killin and
Aberfeldjq Perthshire; Loch Lomond, Dumbartonshire; Appin,
Argyll; Mar Forest, Braemar and Countesswells, near Aberdeen ;
Applecross, Eossshire; Eiverstown, Glanmire and Blarney, Cork;
Tore Mt., Killarney; Ballynagarde, Limerick; Killaloe and Kilkee,
Clare ; near Belfast, Antrim. Saxicolous : Fliquet Bay and La Moye,
Jersey; Lewes, Sussex; Shiere, Surrey; Goodwick Bay, Pembrokeshire;
Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire; Hale End, Malvern,
Worcestershire; Lyth Hill, Shropshire; Cliffrigg, Cleveland, Yorkshire
; Portlethen, Kincardineshire; Countesswells Woods near Aberdeen
(on Bceomyoes ru fu s); Innisoarra and Kilcully, Cork; Kilkee,
Clare; Mweelen, Kylemore, near Salrook and near Lough Feagh,
Connemara, Galway.
Var. chloropolia Th. Fr. Lich. Scand. p. 595 (1874).—
Thallus thicker than in the species, greenish-grey, unequal,
gvanular.— Lecidea chloropolia Fr. Summa p. 115 (1846) nonien.
L. myriocarpa f. chloropolia Leight. Lich. FI. ed. 3, p. 319 (1879).
Lichen pinicola Sm. Engl. Bot. t. 1851 fig. 2 (1808). .
Exsicc. Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 31.
Scarcely to be distinguished from some forms of the species. The
apothecia are somewhat larger, and are comparable to Leighton’s
f. sapropliila.
Hah. On decorticated trunks and old palings.—DZsZr. Somewhat
rare in the Channel Islands, S., Central and N. England.—E. M.
Beaufort, Jersey; near Bovey Tracey, Devon; Lyndhurst, New
Forest; Finchley, Middlesex ; Walthamstow, Essex; near Cambridge.
11. B. Schsereri He Not. in Giorn. Bot. Ita l ii. p. 199 (1846).
Thallus effuse, thin, whitish, minutely granular or pulverulent,
sometimes evanescent ( K - , C aC l- ) . Apothecia minute, black,
plane or subconvex, the margin thin, disappearing ; hypothecium
brownish or dark-hrown ; paraphyses concrete dark-brown a t the
tips ; spores oblong or oblong-ellipsoid, pale-greenish-brown,
small, 0,006-10 ram. long, 0,002-4 mm. thick.—B. nigritula
Mudd Man. p. 217 (1861). Lecidea nigritula Nyl. in Bot. Not.
1853, p. 99 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 89 ; Leight. Lich. FI. p. 307 ;
ed. 3, p. 321.
Closely resembling some forms of the preceding, but differing in
the small size and paler colour of the spores.
Hdb. On trunks of trees and on wood.—Distr. Eare in S., Central
and N. England.—E. M. New Forest, Hants ; Trefriw, Carnarvonshire
; Farndale, Yorkshire ; Levens Park, Kendal, Westmoreland.
12. B. præcavenda A. L. Sm.—Thallus effuse, very thin,
blackish-green, scarcely visible (K — , CaCl — ). Apothecia
subminute, plane or slightly concave, thinly margined, reddish-
brown or black ; paraphyses slender, conglutinate, dark-amber-
brown a t the tips, forming a reddish-brown epithecium ;
hypothecium (especially above) reddish-brown ; spores ellipsoid,
reddish-brown, 0,014-17 mm. long, 0,006-8 mm. thick ; hymenial
gelatine bluish then wine-red with iodine.—Lecidea præcavenda
Nyl. in Flora Iii. p. 411 (1869) ; Cromb. in Journ. Bot. vii. p. 232
(1869) & Lich. Brit. p. 88 ; Leight. Lich. FI. p>. 309 ; ed. 3, p. 323.
Distinguished by the biatorine character of the apothecia and by
the reddish colour internally. In the single specimen gathered the
thallus and apothecia are sparingly present, and are interspersed
with a sphæriaceous fungus.
Hab. On a decaying holly.—E. M. Near Lyndhurst, New Forest,
Hants.
13. B. æthalea Th. Fr. Lich. Scand. p. 604 (1874).—Thallus
effuse, th in or thickish, minutely cracked-areolate, greyish or
brownish-grey (K + yellow then red, CaCl — ) ; hypotliallus
black. Apothecia minute, innate, concave or almost plane, with
a thin prominent margin ; hypothecium brownish or dark-brown ;
paraphyses coherent, dark-brown a t the apices; spores ellipsoid,
usually constricted a t the septum, dark-brown, 0,010-15 mm.
long, 0,006-8 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine deep blue with
iodine. — B . hadioatra var. atroalbella Mudd Man. p. 214
(1861). Gyalecta æthalea Ach. Lich. Univ. p. 669 (1810).
Lecidea atroalba var. atroalbella Nyl. Obs. Syn. Lich. Holm. p. 6
(1853). L. atroalbella Leight. Lich. FI. p>. 310 (1871); ed. 3,
p. 324. L. æthalea Stiz. in Jahresber. St. Gall. Nat. Ges.
p. 456 (1882); Cromb. in Journ. Bot. xx. p. 275 (1882).
Exsicc. Mudd n. 185 (as B. coracina); Leight. n. 184 (as
Lecidea atroalba var. atroalbella).
The thallus is typically very thin, the areolæ being contiguous or
dispersed on a black hypotballus ; when more developed the areolæ are
more compact and deeply cracked.
Hab. On quartzose and schistose rocks.—Distr. Eather rare in
maritime and upland districts.—E. M. Lyth Hill and near Church