lately been erected into a distinct gemis, by Kützing, under tbe name of Pterocaulon, and on grounds equally vabd
with those wliich separate some of the above groups. Seirococcus was distinguished from Scytothalia by Dr.
Greville, by haring moniliform instead of oblong or lanceolate receptacles ; but the genera have been reunited hy
Montague, who has added a new species {Scyt. Jacquinotii), and this last approximates so closely to Marginaría,
as to reduce the clearly appreciable differences between Scytothalia, Mont., and Marginaría, to the former haring
entire and the latter spinuloso-dentate margins,—a circumstance of very minor importance, and perhaps of specific
value only. Carpophyllum may be distinguished by the position of its vesicles and the clustering of its receptacles
from Fucus ; on the other hand it approaches Sargassum through S. Boryi, Ag. Mai'ginaiia contains but two
species, of which Kützing in his late work constitutes as many genera. A. Eichard, on the contrary, struck with
the slight characters on which he had established Marginaría, afterwards combined it with Sargassum.
The paraphyses, so carefully described by Montagne in the generic character as occuring mixed with the spores,
answer well to the antheridia observed lately by JIM. Decaisne and Thuret in Fucus, whence this species would be
regarded by these authors as hermaphrodite.
1. J I a b g in a iiia Urvilleana, A . E ich .; Montagne Prodr. Phycear. in i tin . ad Polum Antarct. p. 10.
Voy. au Pole Sud, B o t. Crypt, p. 60. t. 3. f. 1. A . Rich. Fl. Nov. Zel, p. 10. t. 3. Sargassum Urvilleanum,
A. Rich. Sert. Astrolah. p. 138. A . Cunn. m Hook. Comp, to Bo t. Mag. vol. ii. p. 327.
H ab. Lord Auckland’s group ; very abundant in shallow water.
PinncB 12-18 unc. longæ, | —1 unc. latæ, coriaceo-membranaceæ, nigro-ftiscæ, planæ, læves, enerves, argute
seiratæ, obtusæ, basi sensim attenuatæ, subpetiolatæ, irregulariter dichotome fissæ, ramis superioribus plermnque
simplicibus, inferioribus dirisis, sinubus angustis rotundatis, laciniis erecto-patentibus. Vesícula sphæricæ, 4-8 lin.
latæ, muticæ, petiolo inconspicuo piano 1 lin. longo suffultæ, margine pinnularum superiori affixæ. Receptacula
breviter pedunculata, 2-3 lin. longa, ad basin frondis secus marginem superiorem in serie elongata inserta, divaricata,
lanceolata, obtusa, compressa, torulosa. Conceptacula globosa, receptaculis immersa, demum plus minusve convexa,
poro pertusa. Sporæ exemplaribus nostris immaturæ.
Dr. Jlontagne enumerates Blossemllea retorta, Jlont., and B. retrojlexa, Kütz., as natives of Lord Auckland’s
group, and also the Carpopkyllum macrophyllum, Mont.
2. D’UEY ILLEA , Bory.
1. D ’U bvillea u tilis, Bory in Bvperrey Voy. Bot. Crypt, p. 6 5 . 1 .1 and 2. f. 2. D Uroille, Fl. Ins. Mai.
in Mém. Soc. L in n . Paris, vol. iv. p. 594. Montagne, Crypt. Boliv. et in Voy. au Pole Sud, Bo t. Crypt.
p. 23. Lecaisne in Archiv. Mus. vol. iv. p. 153. t. 5. f. 1 - 6 . Postéis et Ruppr., Hlust. Alg. 1 .1. Fucus
antarcticus, Chamisso in Choris, Voy. P itto r. t. 7.
H a b . Lord Auckland’s group and Campbell’s Island, and in th e open sea for ten degrees southward
of these groups.
The distribution of this species will be considered with that of the genus Macrocystis in the second portion of
the Flora Antarctica.
3. X IPH O PH O EA , Mont.
Frons olivácea, linearis, compresso-plana, coriacea, dichotome ramosa. Vesícula nuUse. Conceptacula per totam
frondem sparsa, ramis immersa, tuberculiformia, poro pertusa, intus naturae diversse ; altera sporas obovatas, nigro-
fiiscas, demum quadripartitas, limbo hyalino cinctas, parietibus affixas, sessiles ; altera fascículos filorum ramosorum,
articulatonun, apicibus turgidis et demum in corpuscula granulis repleta {antheridia vel gemmas) mutatos foventia.
We fully agree with our excellent friend Montagne in the propriety of establishing the present genus, and
for the several reasons adduced by him in his memoir, in tlie ‘ Annttles des Sciences Naturelles,' Oct. 1842. He must
allow us. however, to claim tor La BiUardiere, not only the discovery of the plant, but that of its fruit also ; for,
thougdi the description of that author be imperfect, there can exist no doubt that the tubercles immersed m the
frond, which he notices, arc what we now know to be fructification. We fm-ther enter our protest against the
system of changing the specific name from gladiatm, which is quite imexceptionahle, to Billardieri. In the general
character we have described the spores as finally divided into fom-, more or less unequal parts, when they resemble the
tetraspores of several Blorideas, whicb doubtless, as demonstrated by M. Decaisne and Thuret in other Fucacece, form
together hut a single spore. Young, and even nearly mature, seeds exhibit no traces of this internal division ;
while those that are fully grown and have assumed a dark colour, are divided by very clear lines and even spaces.
“ With regard to other organs in the Fucaceæ, which M. Montagne cuUs gemmæ or acrosperms, we incline to consider
them analogous to what are termed antheridia in some other families.” *
1. XiPHOPHOKA Billardie ri, Mont. Prodr. Nov. Phyc. iu itiii. ad Polum Antarct. p. 12. fe y . an Pole
Sud, Bot. Crypt, p. 55. t. 7. f. 1. Fncus gladiatus, Labill. P I. Nov. Holl. I I . p. -3. t. 256. Encycl. Meth.
Bot. Suppl. V. p. 4-39. Lamouroux in Mem. du Mus. d’H ist. N a t. XX. p. .36. Turner, H ist. Eue. t. 2-40.
Berkeley in Ami. N a t. H ist, fo r 184-3, p. 57. Ctenodus, Kützing. (Tab. L X IX . Pig. I I I .)
H ab. Lord Auckland’s group ; on rocks in th e sea, very abundant.
Conceptacula per totam frondis longitudinem præcipue apicem versus sparsa, immersa. tubercidiformia, leviter
convcxa, poio pertusa, externe consiinilia, interne nucleis divcrsis instructa. Altera sporas obovatas v. pju-iformes.
Spora magnæ, sessiles, e cellubs pai-ietalibus oitoe, perisporio hyalino oircmndatoe, nucleo primum simpbci demum
quadi-ipavtito nigi-o-fusoo donatæ, cum paraphysibus simplicibus articulatis filiformibus achromatiois commixtæ.
Altera contra fibs ramosissimis tenuibus hyolinis ai-ticulatis farciimtni-, quorum externi turgidi matorie granulosa
i-epleta evadunt.
P late LXIX. Fig. III.—Divided spores of Xiplwplwra (cabed en-oneously tetraspores on the plate).
4. LAMINAKIA, Ay.
1. L am in ae ia , (sp.)?
H ab. CampbeU’s Island. (Dr. Lya ll.)
A fragment of a young ti-ond, too imperfect for description or determination of the species.
* The remark in inverted commas v-as made by Dr. Harvey.—The division of the spores ot Fueacem was observed
while examining the B'Umllea utilis in a fresh state, when they were considered ns tetraspores, and again by Dr.
Moutagne and by myself, in (fried specimens of Xiplwpliora. More recently, and since the above was wTitten, the
interesting paper of MM. Decaisne and Thuret has appeared, iu the ‘ Aimalcs dcs Sc. Nat.’ (Series 3. vol. iii. p. 1.)
It is there shown that this strncture exists in five species of Focus abundant on om- shores; F. nodosus, serratus,
vesienlosus, canaliculatus and tulermdatus; also in FlimauthaUa, which I have elsewhere albed to D’ Urvillea (London
Journ. of Botany, vol. ii. p. 32S), and the mode of division in the original spores is exccbeutly folloived and illustrated,
as also tlicfr germination, a most important point. I cannot omit here an aUusion to two of the most remarkable
recent discoveries in modern Botanical Science, made by those observers, and pubbshed in the same paper -.
that, of organs, in every respect analogous to the antheridia of mosses (of whose natui-c my coadjutor, Mr. Harvey,
lind formed the same idea), existing in aU the above-mentioned Fuci; and these antbcridia being wholly filled, before
bursting, with bodies endowed with rapid motion and apparent volition, and which, thougli thus proved to
lie truly of vegetable origin, have hitherto been ranked in the ammal kingdom. I am indebted to the fricndshi]i
of M. Decaisne for a demonstration of these cmious phenomena in living Algm, and for the original drawings from
which the plates that accompany his interesting paper in the 'Annales ' are executed.—J . D. II.
2 N