F LO EA A NTAEC TICA . [Fuegia, the
H a b . Chonos Arcliipelago; C. Barmin, Esq.
Even amongst the Ferns we have mueh pecuUarity attending the Flora of S.W. Chili and Fueria I have
elseirtere aUnded to the hotameal divdsion of that Une of eoast into a northeni and southern portion differi,,«-
speeifically m their prodncttons. but not geneideally to auy very great amoimt. These two divisions are, 1st, tlm
Valdivian or Clnlotum, which stretehes from Concepcion to Cape Tres Montes; and, 2nd, tho Magellanic or Fuerean
cornmenemg at Cape Tres Montes and terminating at Cape Horn. From the lower latitude aud consequently'
ugher temperatme of the northern of these two comitries. aud from its greater surface, eoutaiuing also mountains
that reach the hmits of perpetual snow, its Flora is hy very far- the richest, including a larger proportion of the
Fuegran plants than Fuegia does of the Chilotian. There are Hsc many species, whieh, though conspicuous in
the southern Flora, are either unknoivu even ou the Mps o fth e northern, or appear there only mider very different
flSpGCtS.
Many more species common to hoth these divisions, Fuegiaa plants especially, prevail through the whole line
of coast thau its great e.xteut would lead us to expect. This proceeds from a mutual interehaiige of individuals
- hetween two couutrres whose Floras may he supposed to have been originally quite drstiuet. The mosculatioii of
he Floras is most eouspreuous at Cape Tres Montes and the Chonos Ar-ehipelago. and is not accompanied by any
teudenoy m those species, whieh there come into jmrta-position, to change, each into that which i-epresents it i l
the other. The union or mrugUng is complete, but there is uo bleiidiug of two species, uo obliteration of speerfie
e rarac ei-s, nothrng to rndicate either that the peculiar plants of one country have originated from what pre-existed iu
the other under a ddferent form; or, still less, that aU have sprung from cue common source, lower in the scale
of oi-gamzation.
2 . H y m e n o p h y l l u m pectinatnm, Cav., P rH . 1 8 0 1 , n. 6 8 7 . Sioartz, Sun. Fil. p. 11 .6 . Willd Sn
P /. vol. V. p. 425. P i/, vol. i. p. 9 6 . t . 3 4 . D.
H a b . Clionos Ai-chipelago, C. B a n o in , Esq.
3 . H y m e n o p h y l l u m Wilsoni. Hook., B r it. Flor. ed. 5. p .4 4 6 . Wilson, in Engl. Bot. Suppl. t. 2 6 8 6 .
Yar. y. HooJc. Sp. FU. vol. i. p. 9 6 .
H a b . South p a rt of Tierra del Fuego, C. Barwin, Esq.; Hermite Island, Cape Horn, . / B I I
Falkland Islands, quartz rocks on the hills, J . B . I I .
Found in all the four quarters of the globe, also in Austraha and New Zealand.
4. H y m e n o p h y l l u m Chiloense, Hook., Sp. Fil. vol. i. p. 9 0 . t. 3 2 . B .
H a b . Chonos Archipelago; C. Barwin, Esq.
The specimen in Mr. Darwin's herbarium is very smah, but I think referable to this species; certainly to no
other published one. / “
5 . H y m e n o p h y l l u m caudieulatum, Martius, PI.
Var. 3. Ilook. Sp. F il. vol. i. p. 102.
H a b . Chonos Archipelago; C. Barwin, Esq.
i.B ra s . p . 1 0 2 . t . 6 7 .
6 . H y m e n o p h y l l u m iortuosum. Banks et Sol., MS S . Hook, et Grev. Ic. F il. t. 1 2 9 Hook Sn FU
vol. i. p. 9 9 . ’
H a b . Chonos Arcliipelago, C. Barwin, Esq.; and throughout Fuegia, Banks and Solander, ^c.
One of the most common Autarctic American ferns, from the latitude of Valdivia to Cape Horn.
F LO EA A NTAEC TICA . 391 F a lk la n d s , etc?)
7. H ymenophyllum secundum, Hook, et Grev., Ic. F il. 1 . 133. tiook. S p .F il. v o l.i. p. 100.
H ab . Staten Land, Menzies; Hermite Island, Cape Horn, J .B . I I .
Decidedly the most Antarctic of Ferns, occui-ring only at the very extremity of the American continent, where
it is tolerably abundant in the woods.
8. H ymenophyllum rarum. Brown, Prodr. p. 159. F l. Antarct. p. 105. H . semibivalve. Hook, et
Grev. Ic. FU. t. 83.
Var. ft. Hook. Sp. F il. I. c. H. imbricatum, Colenso, in Tasm. P h il. Journ. vol. ii. p. 187.
H ab. Var. ft. South part of Tierra del Fuego, C. B arwin, Esq.; Hermite Island, Cape Horn, •/. B . H.
A species exhibiting a singular predilection for those insular and peninsular locahties, which terminate the
continents in the Southern Ocean. Thus it occui-s only at the very southern extremity of America and .kfrica ; at
Ceylon, wldch is nearly the southernmost land of the vast Indian empire ; in Tasmania, which is an analogous
position in Australasia ; and in New Zealand and Lord Auckland’s group, which bear the same geogi-aphical
relation to Polynesia. As it also inhabits Bourbon and tbe Mauritius, it appears to exist all round the world,
resting on the highest southern lands of each longitude.
2. TfilCH OM A NE S, Sm.
1. T kichomanes fla te lla tum , Bory, in Buperrey Toy. Bo t. Crypt, p. 281. Hook. Sp. F il. v o l.i. p. 119.
T. flabeUula, B ‘ Urv. in Mém,. Soc. L in n . Paris, vol. iv. p. 597.
H ab . Falkland Islands ; Gaudichaud, B ’ Urville.
A plant which I have never seen, though I diligently sought for it in the Falkland Islands. I t is remarkable
that both the French Naturabsts who met with it, should have fabed to notice the Hymempliyllum Wilsoni, which
is sufficiently abundant, and generally accompanies the following species.
2. T kichomanes cæspitosum. Hook., Sp. Fil. vol. i. p. 132. t. 40 B. HymenophyUum cæspitosum.
Gaud, in Ann. Sc. N a t. vol. v. p. 90S, ci i« Freyc. Yoy. Bo t. p. 374. t. 5. f. 2. B ’ Urv. in Mém. Soc. Linn.
Pa ris, vol. iv. p. 597.
H a b . Soutbern parts of F u eg ia ; Staten Land, Menzies; Hermite Island, Cape Horn, abundant on
trunks of trees, J . B . H . ; Falkland Islands, clotliing the quartz rocks on the hills ; Gaudichaud, B ’ Urville,
J. B . H.
This singular bttle species was discovered by the lamented Menzies. in Staten Land. Cape Horn is its southern
limit, and Chiloe its northem. It has been probably overlooked in the intervening latitudes.
3. CISTOPT ERIS, Bernh.
1. CiSTOPTEiiis/raiiiify, Bernh., Neu Journ. Bot. vol.ii. p. 27. Engl. Bo t. t. 1587. Hook. Sp. FU.
vo l.i. p. 197.
H a b . Strait of Magalhaens; P o rt Famine, Capt. K in g ; Falkland Islands (West Island? ), Capt.Sulivan.
One of the most extensively diffused of all vegetables, or even Ferns, though avoiding such hot and equable
climates as the low lands of the Tropics. In America, it ranges along the Cordillera, from the Arctic Sea and
Greenland to the Strait of Magalhaens ; in Europe, from Iceland and Lapland to the Mediterranean ; in Asia,
between Kamlschatka and the Himalaya Mountains ; but in Africa it is confined to tbe Canary Islands and the Cape