I
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ciliata, pallide brunnea, nitida; terra tota sub arboribus foliis emortuis delapsis sparsa. Pedunculi solitarii v.
fasciculati, rarius plantis junioribus ad apices ramulorum terminales, plerique e ramis brevissimis latérales, 1 ^ 2
une. longi, stricti, erecti. inclinati, v. rarius nutantes, 7-10 flores; rachi terete glabra suflexuosa articulata ad
nodos dilatata cyathiformi. Pedicelli breves, 1-2 lin. longi, cum rachi articulati. Flores subconferti, rarius
secundi, erecti, demum nutantes, basi 2-4-bracteati. Bracteæ inferiores subfoliaceæ, flore longiores, interdum
elongati ; superiores ovatæ, obtusæ, striatæ, corollam subæquantes, marginibus scariosis ciliatis, dcmura deciduæ.
Calyx 5-phyllus, foliola tubo corollæ paulo breviora, bracteis omnino similia, sed minora, intimis angustioribus
submembranaceis. Corolla tubuloso-campanulata, ^ unc. longa, albida, tubo terete sub ore paulo constricto,
limbo 5-fido, segmentis patentibus basi imbricatis late ovatis obtusis marginibus subundulatis, medio incrassatis,
apice inflexo, præflonitione incurvo. Stamina 5, filamentis linearibus breviusculis infra faucem corollæ insertis ;
antheris parvis oblongo-quadratis, apicibus exsertis. Pollen stramineun>, hyalinum, e sphærulis 3-5 conglobatis
compositum. Glandulce hypogynæ 5, ovario breviores, locuhs oppositæ, oblongo-cuneatoe, superne truncatæ,
retusæ. Ovarium sessile, late obovatum, 5-lobum, 5-loculare, loculis dorso sulcatis ; ovulis plurimis elongato-
liyriformibus, funiculis brevibus columnæ centrali affixis pendulis. Stylus validus, erectus, tubo } brevior, apice
truncatus, 3-4-crenatus. Capsula coriacea, foliohs 2-3 calycinis persistentibus inclusa, loculicide 5-valvis.
Semina immatura angulata ; testa reticulata laxa.
A most abundant plant, forming a great portion of the woods which skirt the shores of these islands. The
true Dracophyllum longifoUuiii has hitherto been known to botanists only through the specimens collected by the
Forsters during Cook's second voyage, and to some of the few who possess portions of the valuable collection
formed by Mr. Menzies in Dusky Bay. Mr. Forster made full descriptions of his specimens, which have been
published by M. Richard, and as a few discrepancies occur in comparing our own specimens with his, I shall here
allude to them, premising that they only refer to such characters as depend much on the different localities the
plant may inhabit. That the above-described plant is specifically the same as th a t gathered both by Forster and
Menzies, is erident on the comparison of my specimens wdth the original drawing of that author. • Thus, the
leaves are described as smooth and reflexed : they are only so in the younger and more luxuriant state of the
trees in Lord Auckland’s Islands ; as they grow larger and more exposed to the violence of the climate they
become strict, erect, rigid, coriaceous and pubescent above, all of which characters Mr. Menzies’ specimens
])ossess, except that they are also smooth. Again, the spikes are solitary in the young trees, but in the older
most frequently from 2-5 together ; I have however never seen them nearly a palm long, or indeed more than
two inches ; in the British Museum drawings they are about th a t length. The tube of the corolla is hardly if
at all longer than the calyx, and not “ duplo longior,” and its segments can hardly be considered as acute.
’ITie present species is certainly most nearly allied to the D. squarrosum {w'Aq in note, p. 48), but the leaves are
broader and more rigid, and the corolla of quite a different shape.
P late XXXI. & XXXII. Fig. 1, flower with bracteæ ; fig. 2, corolla removed; fig. 3, the same laid open ;
fig. 4, a hypogynous scale ; fig. 5, ovarium and hypogynous scales ; fig. 6, transverse section of the ovarium ;
fig. 7, longitudinal section of one cell of do. ; fig. 8, unripe seed removed from do. all magnified.
2. D r a c o p h y l l u m scoparium, Ho o k , fil.; arb u scu la , ram is ram u lisq u e fasciculatis stric tis
fusco-castaneis, foliis e basi v ag in an te g rad a tim a n g u s ta tis lin e a ri-su b u la tis s tric tis rigidis antice
p lan is V. su b can alicu latis m a rg in ib u sq u e p u b e sc en tib u s dorso sem ite re tib u s apicibus triq u e tris , florib
u s spicatis, spicis p lu rim is b rev ib u s erectis su b 4-floris, b racteis foliolisque calycinis corollam su p e ran
tib u s omnibus la te ovatis acumin atis m a rg in ib u s ciliatis ex terio rib u s foliaceis in tu s sericeis, corolla
la te c amp an u la ta tu b o brevi, segmentis brevissimis la te ovatis ob tu sis. (T a b . X X X I I I .)
H a b . Campbell’s Is la n d ; n ea r th e sea, n o t common.
Arbor humilis. Caulis ascendens, 6-8 pedalis, basi compressas ramosus, cortice et ligno ut in D. longi-
Jl!
folio sed prioris colore pallidiore, ramis densis erectis, ramulis breviusculis fasciculatis gracdibus sub I Im. diametro.
Folia apicibus ramulorum conferta, omnia stricta, erecta, 1 | unc. longa, | lin. lata, fusco-viridia. intus
marginibusque pubescentia, subsericea, vagina latiuscula, brunnea, superne attenuata. S p kæ numerosæ, inter
folia confertæ, breviusculæ, uno. longæ. axillares et terminales, strict», ereotæ, rarius nutantes, 3 -4 flores,
rachi articulata glabra castanea. Flores breviter pedicellati, pedicellis cum raclii articulatis pubescentibirs.
Bracteæ 2-3, corollam superantes, exteriores basi late vaginantes, deinde lincari-subulntæ ut folia sed breviores,
coriace», spicis »quilong», marginibus dorsoque carinato-ciliatis. intus sericecpubescentes, interiores minores.
Calycis foliola ovata, acuta, striata, marginibus scariosis ciliatis, tubo co rd i» breviora, persistentia. Corolla
sub IX lin. louga, pro genere latissima, late campanulata, suburccolata, albida, inter bracteas occulta inconspicua.
tubo brevi calycem vix superante, segmentis brevissimis late ovatis obtusis coucavis, pnmum incurvis apice
obtuso infiexo, demum patentibus subinvolutis. Slamina ad faucem inserta, parva, filamentis brevibu.s.
Capsula late obovata. bracteis foliolisque calycinis persistentibus inclusa, valvis coriaceis obovatis apicibus mcur-
vis medio septiferis ; columna centralis valida, sublignosa, angulata, superne in ramos 5 pendulos clavatos fissa
semina gerentes.
A very peculiar species, most nearly allied to the D. Lessonianum, A. Rich., imdD. Vrvillianmn, A, Rich.,
but very distinct from both. It has also been gathered upon the Chatham Islands by Dr. Dieffenbach, in whose
specimens the leaves are most beautifully margined, and the backs of the bracteæ covered with a silvery and
velvety pubescence. I do not however place much reliance on the pubescence of any of the species of tliis genus,
which appears a very væiable character.
The genus Dracophyllum was established by Labillardière upon the D. verticillatum, a plant of New Caledonia
(vide Voyage de Labili, vol. ii. p. 211. t. 40), and afterwards adopted by Mr. Brown, who added the
D. secundum of Australia as a second species ; both these have the flowers racemose or pamcled, the bracteas
caducous, and the stamens either hypogynous or inserted at the very base of the corolla. In a subgenus or
section called Sphcnotoma, the latter botanist included some other New Holland plants with spiked flowers,
persistent bracteas, and stamens inserted upon the corolla ; this has since been erected into a genus by Mr.
Sweet (Fl. Austral, t. 44), and retained as such by all future authors. Mr. Brown having further remarked
that some of Forster's New Zealand Epacridece, as E . longifolium and E . rosmarinifolium. Forst., belonged to
the genus Dracophyllum, a s m o d i f i e d by him, they were forthwith published as such by M. A. Richard, who added
two more species to the genus, and also by Cunningham, who published a third (D . latifolium) -, but none of
these authors proposed any sectional characters for these species, which differ most materially from those of
Mr. Brown's first section of the genus, in many of them having epipetalous stamens, as also in the flowers being
spiked and the bracteæ persistent, and which equally differ from Sphenotoma in habit and the form of the
corolla. Lastly, M. DeCandolle, in 1839, remodelled the generic character of Dracophyllum, and, intending it to
include only the plants of Mr. Brown's first section, described the calyx as " ebracteatus.” and the stamens as
“ corollæ non adnata,” both characters the opposite of what most of the New Zealand species exhibit.
Having received several allied new species of this genus from New Zealand, I shall add their characters
here and give a conspectus of the whole, both for the purpose of showing the position of D. longifolium and D.
scoparium in the series, as also because I am anxious to seize the first opportunity afforded me of laying the new
species before the public and remodelling this fine genus*. I may here remark, that as a genus it is an exceed-
* D R A C O P H Y L L U M , B r .
§ I. Siaììiinibus hypogynis, v. basi corollæ insertis.
1. D. secundum, Br. Brotcn, Prodr. p. 556. DeC. Prodr. vol. vii. p. 769.
H ad. New Holland : in the neighbourhood of Port Jackson.