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XIV. ROSA OR/R, Jm s .
1. GEUM, L in n .
1. Magellanicum \ Commers., e.v Fers. Lnch. \ o \ . i \ . . iiC . P /W a vol. ii. p. 554. Bon,
Lncydop. vol. ii. p. 527. G. cocemeum, Seringe, in BC. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 551. Smith, Sihthorpe, etc.
Bindley, Bot. Beg. 1 .1088. G. Chiloense, B a lh k , {fid. Ser. in BC. 1. c.). Hook, et Arn. in Bo t. Miscell.
vol. iii. p. 305. Bon, Encycl. vol. ii. p. 526. G. Chilense, L in d l. Bot. Beg. t. 1348. G. Quellyon, Sweet,
B r it. F l. Garden, Ser. 1. vol. iii. t. 292. Caryophyllata foliis alatis, &c. Feuill. Per. et Chili, vol. i.
p. 736. t. 27.
H.YB. Strait of MagaUiaens, Commerson', P o rt Pamine, Capt. Kin g ; Cape Negro, C. Barwin, Esq.
1 have restored the trirfal name of Magellanieim, feehng convinced that Commerson, who collected more
plants in the Strait of Magalhaens than auy other person, could not have overlooked the present and only species
of the genus that is abimdant in that locality, and which agixes with the scanty description published by Persoon.
Its veri' close affinity with the G. coccineum, of the ‘ Plora Graea,’ has led to much discussion. Sei-inge first published
them as one plant, probably discrediting tbe iVmerican habitat assigned to it by Balbis, from whom he received
garden specimens under the name of G. Chiloense. Dr. Lindley next described and figured the Chilian plant
and also refenxd it to G. coccineum; but in a following number of the ‘ Botanical Register,’ after au attentive
comparison of the Chilian with Sibthorpe’s specimens, he disunited them, ou account of the terminal lobe of the
leaf of the Chilian being smaller and the lateral larger than in the Greek plant. Sweet disregards Balbis’ name
of Chiloense, proposing that of Quellyon, affirming that the G. coccineum is very different, and probably a Sieversia ;
he neither gives his reasons for separating them nor for considering the Greek plant a Sieversia, though possibly
he judges from its resemblance to S. montana. Lastly, Don says of G. Magellanicum that his is perhaps a Sieversia,
but neither does he state why.
Of G. Magellanicum I may remark, that it is an exceedingly variable species in stature, in the size of its petals,
aud form of the leaves, which have large or small lateral and terminal lobes indifferently. Again, the flowers
of the wild specimens are certainly very often yellow, and about twice as large as the calyx; while in the garden
plant they are much larger and more or less red or scarlet. The flowering stems vary from three inches to nearly
two feet high and the leaves from two inches to one foot long. The segments of the calyx are generally shortly
ovate, but iu one specimen from JL . JIacrae they are almost lanceolate. The whole plant varies in pubescence. Its
range is from Valparaiso to the strait of JIagalhaens, whose northern shore it skirts, ascending on the east coast
of Patagonia as far as Cape Paiiweather. Inland it inhabits both flanks of the Andes, from whence no doubt it
has been transported eastward for some distance into the Patagonian plains, for J lr. Darwin collected it on the river
Santa Cruz, 250 miles above the sea, where it was accompanied by some other plants foreign to the gi-eater part
of the east coast of South America. In Peru this species is replaced by another with small petals, more characteristic
of the North American foims of the genus.
The flrst plant isith which I would compare the present is G. Capense, which has longer calycine segments than
the ordinary states of G. Magellanicum, but does not otherwise differ except in the rather slenderer awns lo the carpels.
1 have compared two African specimens with a large suite of the G. Magellanicum, and have no reason to
suppose them specifically distinct. Of the tnie G. coccineum of Sibthorpe’s ‘ Plora Grmca ’ we have three excellent
specimens, from the collections of Aucher-Eloy, gathered on Jlount Olympus, and another from Rumelia under the
name of G. Sadleri, Priv., which the accurate Grisebaeh unites with G. coccineum; but they do not enable me to detect
any character different from the South American plant, nor even to retain them as separate varieties. The calycine
segments of both vary in size, and in the same proportions, the incisions of the margins of the leaf of the European
are narrower and more acute than in the ordinary Chilian form, but arc in this respect undistinguishable from some
collected by GlUies ; the carpels of the two are identical. The G. elatum, of Kamaon, judging from Dr. "Vallich s
specimens, does not at first sight appear to difier from this, except in the comparatively smaller terminal and the
sessde lateral lobes of the leaf. Dr. Royle has placed it in Sieversia, to whicli genus Mr. Edgeworth assures me
that it belongs. The nearest, but evidently distinct, species allied to G. Magellanicum are G. Pyrenaicum, easily
recognised by the gi'eat size of its cai’pels, and G. sylvaticum of the South of Prance and Spain, wliich is a
single-flowered plant.
2 . G e um parvifiorum, Commerson; velutino-pubescens^ rhizomate crasso, foliis radicalibiis interrupte
pimiatisectis lobo terminali rotundato obscure 5-lobato crenato lateralibus 2-3-jugis multoties minoribus,
pedunculis folio brevioribus elongatisve pubescentibus folia 2-3 lyrato-pinnatifida gerentibus, floribus 4-5
ad apicem pedunculi sessilibus nutantibus folio involucratis, petalis laciniis calycinis subæquantibus albis?
ovarii stylo liamato, carpeUis pilosis. G. ? parviflorum, Commerson ex Smith in Bees Cycl. vol. v. p. 16.
BC. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 553. Bon, Encycl. vol. ii. p. 527. G. involucratiun, Juss. Herh. in Pers. Ench.
vol. ii. p. 57. BC. et Bon, 1. c.
H a b . Strait of JIagalhaens ; Commerson. Port Pamine; Capt. King.
Rhizoma pollicem crassum. Folia fere omnia radicaba, patentia, 14—2 unc. longa, pilis fulvis dense velutina,
lobo terminah f unc. lato, plicato, lateralibus b'regulariteriuciso-dentatis. Fedunculi 3, unico fohis breviore, cæteris
elongatis erectis ter longioribus, omnes basi nudi, apices versus foba 1-2 gerentes. Flores in capitulum aggregati,
sub lim e , diametro, albi (fid. Commersoii)- Calycis laciniæ 6, oblongæ, obtusæ, bracteolis lineari-oblongis. Fetala
late elbptico-spatbulata, obtusa, glaben'ima. Ovaria dense Im-suta, stylo cmwato apice hamato terminata.
A bttle known and probably very rare plant. I have seen but one specimen, in Capt. King’s collection, wliicb
I have compared with tbat in tbe Linnæan Herbarium ; its general appeai-ancc resembles a small state of G. Magellanicum,
but the leaves ai-e densely velvetty on tbe surface and tbe flowers very different ; Commerson says tbe
latter are white, in which respect, as in tbeir size, tbe form of tbe petals, &c., there is a close affinity with tbe
Sieversia? albiflora (vol. i. p. 9. t. vii.), a plant whicb may possibly in au older state have hooked awns to the
carpels, which these decidedly are. I am inclbied to consider tbis tbe representative of tbe Auckland Island
species, as tbe G. Magellanicum is of a simUai' New Zealand one. Though tbe descriptions of G. involucratum are
very unsatisfactory, I have little doubt but tbat they refer to tbis plant as above described, which seems to have
been first published in Prance and afterwards in England. Tbe description of Smith being tbe fuUest and bis having
adopted Commerson’s own name induce me to retain tbat of G. gmrviflorum. In the flower I examined there were
six ilivisions to tbe calyx.
3. RUBUS, L in n .
1. Rübus geoides; Smith, Icon. hied. 1 .19. Hook. Icon. Pla n t, t. 495. R. antarcticus. Banks et
Solander, MSS. et Icon, in Mus. B r it. Dalibarda geoides, Pers. Ench. \o \.i\. p. h2>. BC. Prodr. \-o\.\\.
p. 568. Gaud, in Ann. Sc. Na t. vol. iv. p. 106. et in Freyc. Voy. Bot. p. 138. B ’ Urville, in Mém. Soc.
L in n . Paris, vol. iv. p. 620. Pramboise, Pernetty, Voy. vol. ii. p. 58.
H a b . Strait of JIagalhaens ; Commerson. Port Pamine; Capt. King. Good Success Bay ; a « /
Solander. Falkland Islands ; abundant on the liiUs.
There are few Rosaceoe in the temperate latitudes of the Southern Hemisjfliere. Tbe genus Ruhus, in particular,
hardly exists in South America ; a very remarkable ch'cumstancc, since Australia, New Zealand, and the
Cape of Good Hope possess more species than extra-tropical Soutli America, though those countries are more dism
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