Il»l I 91! j
'11 i S
s a f f i
288
OUoa, H. B. K., and (Euantlie, Lami.; indeed it is to tBe latter genns alone that the present is allied in the fistidose
leares, while it resembles the former in the septate structnre of the foliage, and has other points ot affinity in the
rank smeU and taste, aquatic habit, vittate mericarps, and the longitudinal ridge in front of the seed itself.
The Falkland Island specimens are very constant in the form of their leaves; those from the Plate Eiver, on
the other hand, are exceedingly variable both in size and foliage, the latter sometimes measuring six inches long
and expanding into a plane, linear-lanceolate, obtuse lamina.
In hoth Americas the Crantua is confined to the east coast; in the northern hemisphere ranging from 80° to
42°, and in the south from 35° to 52°.
P l a t e C. Fig. 1, portion of a leaf; fig. 2, a flower ; fig. 3, p e ta l; fig. 4, ovarium and styles ; fig. 5, ripe fru it;
fig. 6, transverse section of the same ;—all imgnijied.
6 . O E EOM T E EH IS , Etidl.
1. OREOin'REHis rtiirtfcofo, Endlicher. CaldasiaAndicola„i/«yfl5i?zt fa DC. fl/czc. p. 5. t. 2. DC.Prodr.
vol. iv. JL 229. MyTrliis Andicola, Humh. Bonpl. et Kunth, Nov. Gen. et Sp. P la n t. Am. vol. v. p .1-3. t.4 1 9 .
Azorella daucoides, D'Urv. Mem. Soc. L in n . Paris, vol. iv. p. 618. Gand. in Frege. Yog. Bo t. p. 135. DC.
Jjw fo . vol. iv. p. 77. (T a b . Cl.)
H a e . Ealkland Islands ; in grassy places, abm id an t; I f UrviUe, J . D. H.
This, which is rather a variable plant, appears to be altogether identical with that gathered on the Andes by
Humholdt and Bonpland. and more lately by Linden, near the snow line on Orizaba, in Mexico, by Goudot in New
Grenada, at the limit of perpetual snow, hy Professor Jameson at an altitude of 14,700 feet, on the Andes of Q,uito,
and by ill-. M’Lean in Peru : for I refer all the Caldasia of these collectors to the present species, which there, as
in the Falklands, has the leaves more or less cut, their segments crowded or lax, and all the parts copiously hairy
or nearly smooth. I t is very singular that it should not have been hitherto found at any intermediate station
between Peru and the Falkland Islands, where it grows as constantly at the level of the sea, as at the limit of
eternal snow on the Cordfllera under the line. Assuming 15,000 feet to be its station under the equator, it has
descended that number of feet in 62 degrees, or nearly 300 feet for every degree of latitude. The labours of Humboldt
and of Professor Jamcson, who have determined with great accnracy the zones of elevation which many plants of
the Cordfllera affect, are daily proving of increased value; and now that many of the same species are found at far
less elevations and even on the shores of the ocean in lower latitudes, they afford most essential data for comparing
the effects of latitude with those of elevation upon vegetation, which, from various causes, are not what the difference
of temperature would indicate. Thus, the paraUel of the Straits of Magalhaens appears to be the point where
plants, inhabiting the altitude ot 15,000 feet under the equator, meet the ocean; but the snow-line itself is there
4,000 feet higher and does not descend to that level for eight degrees further south.
P l a t e CI. (under the name of Caldasia daucoides, Hook, fil.) Fig. 1, umbel; fig. 2, a flower ; fig. 3, petal;
fig. 4, upper portion of germen, showing the stylopodia; fig. 5, ripe fruit; fig. transverse section of the same -.
all i
7. OSMOEHIZA, E a f.
1. OsMOEHizA Chilensis, Hook, et Am., Bot. Beecheg Vog. p. 26, et in Bo t. Miscel. vol. iii. p. 356.
O. Berterii, DC. Prodr. vol. iv. p. 232. Schudia Chilensis, Molin. Chili, p. 125. Scaudix clavata, B a n h
et Sol. MSS. Mas. B a n h . cum icone. Cliserophylluin Chilense, Poirr. Enegcl. vol. v. p. 105.
I I a b . Tierra del Enego, Commerson ; Good Success Bay, B a n h and Solander.
Also gathered by Capt. King, at Cape Fairweather, on the cast coast of Patagonia ; and it is a native of Chili.
XXII. LOBANTHACEÆ, Don.
I . MYZODBNDEON, B a n h et Sol.
Char. Gen. Dioicum. Flores parvi, amentacei, spicati v. racemosi. E l . Masc. Perianthium 0.
Stamina 2 - 3 , ad apicem pediceUi circa glandulam depressam disposita ; antheræ ovoideæ, uniloculares, v.
septo incompleto spurie büoculares, rima apicali dehiscentes. F l.Eoe m . Cíz(ym ¿«ímí ovario adhæreus. Corolla
nuUa. Ovarium trigonum, angulis longitudinabter bilamellosis, rimis intus setam setasve plurimas foven-
tibus, utdloculare, tri-ovulatum, disco angusto inconspicuo coronatum; stylus brevis, crassus, m ramos 3
breves obtusos apice papillosos fissus; ovula nuda, e apice coliinmæ bberæ centralis subpendula;
brevissimus. Fm c tu s submembranaoeus, setis 3 elongatis auctus, rarius nudus, monospermus. Semen ex
a p i c e c o l u m n æ p a r i e t i b u s loculi appressæ pendulum; testa n u lla ? ; albumen subcarnosum, teres v. sulcatum;
) hilo proximus, membrana tenui indutus ; radicula supera, in discum dilatata v. capitata, exserta ;
parvæ, conferruminatæ, intus cavæ, plumulam diphyllam foventes.— Herbæ v. p o tiu s suffiutices
Antarcticæ et Cbilenses pleræque more Visci ramis generis Fagi parasiticæ. Eaim teretes, alterni, artieu-
lati, ad nodos vaginati. Flores minimi. Fmctu s e maxima copia filorum plumosorum conspicui.
Subgen. Cgmnophgton ; apbyUum, bracteæ squamæformes, flores mascub in axüUs bractearum solitarii,
foeminei b in i; stamina 2 .
1. Myzodendeon punetulatum. Banks et S o b ; apliyUum, ramis teretibus punctis prominuEs apice
depressis obsitis, floribus mascubs in amenta dispositis. (T a b . C II. CIV. et CVI.) M. punetulatum,
B a n h et Sol. M S S . in M us. B a n h . cum icone. Misodendram, DC. Coll. Mém. vol. vi. 1 .11 et 12, Prodr.
vol. iv. p. 286. Brown in Trans. L in n . Soc. vol. xix. p. 232. in note. Viscum flaveseens, Commerson, MSS.
H a b . Tierra del Fuego and South Chili, as far N o rth as Valdivia ; abundant on various species of Fagus ;
Commerson, Banks and Solander and all future voyagers.
Suffrutex ramosissimus, bipedalis. Caulis lignosus, basi dilatatus, crassitie digiti minoris, cortice paffide
fusco. Fami ramulique e vagina brevi ciipuloeformi orti, ultimi diametro pennæ corvinæ, omnes cortiee flavo-
viresoente siccitate auraiitiaco teoti, tuberculis parvis apice depressis stornate instructis rugulosi. Infiorescentia ramos
terminales amentacea. Amenta alterna, suberecta, v. divaricata, cylindi-acea, superiora vacua. Squame seu bractea
dense imbricatæ, late oi-biculatoe, concavæ, margimbus scariosis. Flores «ascafi solitarii, pedicellati ; pedicello gradatim
incrassato, curvato, ^ lin. longo, glandulam depressam (rudimentum ovarii) antherasque 2 ad apioem gerente.
Anthera divaricatæ, minimæ, ceUulosæ, rima parva apicali sursum spectante dehiscentes, uniloculares, loculo intus
columna compressa erecta aucto. Folien globosum, echinulatum, stramineum. Fl. foeminei in squamis bini, col-
laterales, sessiles, vix 4- bn. longi, anguste oblongi, trigoni. Achanium membranaceum ; setis elongatis achænio
longioribus plumosis, pilis apice capHellatis. Semen anguste elliptico-oblongum, loculum fere implens, ex apice
columnæ ceiitrafls compressæ pendulum ; funiculo brevissimo, basi ovubs 2 stei-flibus suffulto. Albmmi ut videtiir
omnino iiudnm. Fkibryo membrana tenui ex apice funicub continua inclusus, extremitate superiore albuminis fere
immersus ; parte radiculari dilatato, exserto ; cotyledonari tereti, cylindraceo, apice breviter fistuloso, indiviso.
As the genus Myzodendron is perhaps the most iiiterestmg, in a structural point of view, of any collected
during the progress of the Antarctic Expedition, I shall offer some remarks upon the pecubarities of this and the
foil owing species.
The process, by which the germinating embryo attaches itself to, and derives sustenance fi-om the Beeches
3 Q
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