be seen on examining a very young anther. The tissue is peculiar and wholly ceUular, except just at the base of the
columella, whence some spii-al vessels descend through the peduncle. A longitudinal section shews the walls of the
anther to be remarkably stout and fomed of two layers of cells (Plate C IV ./. 5 and 6) ; the outer of these are
thick-sided, roiuided or hexagonal utricles, often filled with a yellow chromule (P late CIV ./. 6 and 7) ; the inner
on the contrary, are very slender, prismatic, thin-sided ceUs, densely packed together aud radiating from the inner
wall of the anther which they line with theii* bases, and which has no farther membrane intervening between these
prismatic ceRs and the poRen. The latter is yeRow, globose, and echinulate, like that of other Loranthaceoe.
The gland, on each side of which the anthers are seated, indicates tbe position of the undeveloped ovarium in
the male flowers ; it is very conspicuous in aR the species, aud in Antidaphie, Poepp., which, in this respect, does not
differ from Myzodendron, although its author* has described the filaments as calycine pieces, antheiiferous at the apex
and the three-lobed gland as a coroRa. In Tupeia Antarctica, again, where the segments of the perianth are
evidently articiRated on the top of the pedicel, the male flowers bear an almost imperceptible prominence in their
centre. In Eubrachion the rudimentary ovaiium, in the centre of the male flower, is much more fuRy fomed.
In some respects the male flower of this genus resembles that of a species of Gnetiim, where a soRtary
filameut, similar to the peduncle of Myzodendron, arises from a sheathing bract and bears at its apex two coRateral
adnate cells, opening by apical sRts which are at right angles to the broad axis of the stamens, (as in lemna), and
contain a central free columeDa; and where avascular bundle descends from the base of each anther down the
filameut. The teminal dehiscence is comparatively rare iu one-ceRed anthers, though seen in Krameria, where the
ceRs coalesce into one. The single-ceRed anther of M. punetulatum may be fm-ther compared with two of those
composing the multüocular anther of Viscum album'!, in each of wliich locuR there is one point from which the poRen-
grains are developed ; or to one half of the anther of most phænogamic plants, where the developement of the
poRen takes place at two pointsj a-.’d in which a ridge is afterwards left in the ceR, analogous to the columeRa in
this genus. I much regi-et not having the opportunity of comparing this with the Castroea falcata, St. Hil., a
BraziRan plant, aRied to Viscum, but having its poRen developed in the apex of the segments of the perianth. §
The spuriously one-ceRed anther of Tupeia? incana {Viscum, Hook. Ic. Plant, t. 73.) is of an entirely different nature.
There the two original cells, which are, as in ordinary stamens collateral, open by lateral sRts, wldch become
confluent above. This is exactly what happens in Callitriche and many other plants.
I know of no plant exhibiting a structure in the inner ceRs of the waRs of its anther similar to Myzodendron,
except perhaps, the Saprium Griffitksii, Br., a transverse section of whose anther, given by Mi-. Griffiths, |j appears
to present radiating prismatic ceRs. The outer layer, again, is a portion of the same cuticle sun-oimding other
more ceRular parts of the plant.
F emale flowers. I have only seen the ovarium in Valdivian specimens, apparently of this species, gathered by
Mr. Bridges ; figured at Plate CIV ./. 9 and 10. They are sessile, in pairs, in the axR of each bractea. Tlie calyx is
adherent with the ovarium and terminates in a thickened ring forming an entire, very short limb immediately below
the insertion of the style. I t is trigonous, and at each angle is a sRt, leading to a longitudinal canal that encloses a
stout filament, or seta. This seta ascends from the base of the ovarium and gradually elongating, finaRy escapes
from the cavity where it was lodged (P late CIV./. 1 0 ) ; it is composed of elongated ceRs cohei-ing by their
viscidity. The ovarium is one-ceRed ; the cavity minute and whoRy filled by an erect short column, that bears
* Poeppig, Nov. Gen. et Sp. Plant. Per. et ChiR, vol. R. p. 70. t, 199.
t Vid. Decaisne Mém. sur le développement du PoRen &c., in Act. Acad. Roy. Bruss. vol. 13.
X Vid. Jussieu, Cours Elémentaire, p. 351.
§ Aug. St. Hilaire, Leçons de Botanique &c., p. 451.
II Linn. Soc. Trans, vol. 19. t. 34. figs. 4 and 6.
three obhqnely pendulous naked ovules at its apex, these are lodged eaeli in a pouch in the waU of the ovarium at
first, but the coll graduaUy ddates, and leaves the column and ovules free, as represented at fig. 11 of Plate CIV^
The ovules are ccUular and entirely naked, without any markings on the surface.* In tho depression at tho apex ot
the ovarium, bounded by the almost obsolete limb of the calyx, is a veiy obscure depressed disc, from which projects a
short stout style, terminating in three erect oblong stigmata, papillose externally. A transverse section of the young
ovarium shews no distinction between the adherent calyx and ovarium ; fui-ther than that, as it wUl afterwards appear,
the fissures penetrate the calyx only, the seta they contain lying agamst the walls of the ovarium itself.
In its trigonous foim, the ovarimn of Myzodendron resembles that of one species of a new South Amencau
genus ot Loranilacea, affied to Tnpeia, which I have seen in ñmit only and shaU call Lepidoeerasj, from the curious,
deciduous membranous scale that teminates the leaf. The genus Tupeia itself has also a simUar trigonous
ovarium, but does not possess the ovnliferous free column, which is very evident in tliis genus. T. Antarctica
has also a highly conspicuous superior four-partite perianth to the female flower, which being deciduous and only-
visible at a very early period, before the inflorescence quits its protecting scales, has escaped the notice of recent
authors. M. Korthals J refers the rkeum mnbellaiwm and Eeinwardtiannm of Blume, two Javanese plants, to
Tupeia, from which Miquel § suggests their separation. That they do constitute a distmct genus is extremely
probable, because of the presence of bracts at the base of the female flower, and (it we may judge from the somewhat
mcompvehensilfie figure given by M. Korthals) by some other characters of the flower^ and fruit. UntU,
however, the true nature of the placentation ot the original species ot Tupeia 1| is known, and this is not described
by the authors *¡ of the genus or any subsequent writer, its affinities cannot be fully determined. Korthals
was the first to describe any plant of the Order Lorantliaceie to have a free central column in the ovarram, and
pendidous ovides ; but laying too much stress upon this character he removed the plants in which he observed it,
together with the genus to which he referaed them (with whose typical species he was unacquainted), to Santalaceoe.
Mr. Brown,** who has long been conversant with the structui'e of Myzodendron, points out its relation to Santalaceoe.
Tliis affinity between Santalaceoe and Loranthaceoe is perhaps most obvious in Myzodendron, from the comparative
facility with which its ovarium may he dissected, and the column and ovules removed, and it eqnaUy shews the relation
« The position of the futm-e emhiyo proves that these ovules must be anatropous, though I cannot perceive
any sign of raphe, chalaza or foramen. The poUen-tuhe probably reaches the foramen thi-ough the walls of the
poucli in whicR tRe ovulum is lodged at an early period.
t Of this I have seen two species, both imperfect. The genus may be recognised by its smaR leaves, each
terminated by a broad deciduous scaly apex, and its soRtary axRlai-y female flowers wbose perianth is deciduous.
1. \j. Kingii-, ramis ramulisque erectis Im-to-pubescentibus, foRis breriter petiolatis elRpticis utrinque acutis,
ovai-ns pedicellatis trigonis.
H ab. Cliiloe, Capt. King.
2. L. Eomheyi-, ramis ramuRsque divaiicatis liorizoutaRter patentibus puberuRs, foliis sessiRbus late obovatis
obtusis, ovario fructuquc ovato-globosis.
H ab. Peru, Dombey in Herb. Mas. Paris, et Lindley.
Î Korthals, 0\-er het geshicht Tupeia, &c. (pubRshed in HoRand with no date).
§ Jliquel in Linnæa, vol. xvRi. p. 28.
II I am iiicRucd to agree irith M. EncUichcr in considering Viscum incamm, Hook. (Ic. Plant, t. 73), a species
of Tipeia. Though differing in the bracteate female flowers and unilocular anthers, its perianth, and, I beUeve,
the structm-c of the ovarium, are the same in both.
Chamisso et Schlechtendahl, in Linnæa, vol. iii. p. 203.
** Brown ou Raffiesia, &c., vid. Linn. Soc. Trans, vol. ix. p. 232 (in note).
3 11
w m .