A very small aud distinct species, most nearly allied to that mentioned in the fii-st part of the volume, and of
which I have, since the publication of the portion alluded to, seen perfect specimens collected by M. Le Guillon, one
of the officers of Admival D’Urville’s Expedition. It appears to me that these, with the D. Ai'cturi, Hook. (Ic.
Plant, t. 66) are three single-flowered representative species belonging to the extreme southern portions of New
Zealand, Australia and America.
VIII. CARYOPHYLLEaE, J u s s .
1. LY CH NIS , BC.
1 . L ychnis Magellanica, L am .; pubescenti-tomentosa, caule stricto erecto plerumque imifloro, foliis
linearibus gramineis glabriusculis, flore erecto, calyce late ovoideo segmentis oblongis apicibus rotimdatis
membranaceis, petalis angustis calyce | longioribus. L . Magellanica, Lam. B ic t. vol. iii. p. 641. BC. Frodr.
vol. i. p. 386.
ILyb. Strait of Magalhaens j Commerson. P o rt Lamine; Capt, King. Cape N eg ro ; C. Barwin, Esq.
Caules basi ramosi, cæspitosi, e radice fusiformi elongata orti. Folia radicalia 1-1-|- unc. longa, conferta, basi
ciliata, vaginantia, superne glaberrima, gradatim acummata, coriacea, marginibus tenuiter cartilagineis integerrimis ;
caulina breviora, pube albida tomentosa. Fairii florentes v. scapi plerumque uniflori, 6 une. ad pedalem, gi-aciles,
teretes, 3 -5 nodosi, molliter pubescentes. Flos magnus, erectus v. panlo inclinatus. Calyx 4- unc. longus, \ latus,
suburceolatus, pubescens, membranaceus, 10-nervosus, neiwis viridibus; dentibus 5, majusculis, oblongis, ad apicem
rotundatis. Fetala calyce sub ^ longiora, ungne lineari, fauce squama lata sublacera erecta instructa, lamina fere
ad basin partita; laciniis divaricatis, late linearibus, retusis, basì extus dente majusculo auctis. Germen oblongum,
anthophoro inconspicuo insidens ; stigmatibus 5. Capsula exserta, unilocularis, ad apicem 5-valvis. Semina?
The resemblance of this to the variable L. apetala, of Ai-ctic Em-ope, Asia and America, is so very strong,
that I hardly feel justified in retaining it as a distmct species. The only dift'erential character of importance that I
can point out, is the form of the petals, the lamina of which is here divided to the base into two linear segments.
There may be peculiarities also in the seeds, of which I am ignorant, for Ledeboiu- (Flora Rossica, vol. i. p. 326)
attaches gi'eat importance to tliese organs, as distinctive of aU the varieties of L. apetala. The present species has
been brought by Dr. Gillies from the Andes of Chili, his specimens belong to a broad-leaved variety. AR the species
most closely allied to the present are natives of very cold regions, or of gi-eat elevations in wai-mer climates. In
Europe and North Asia the L. apetala never, at the level of the sea, inhabits a lower latitude than the Ar-ctic
circle, approaching the Pole itself in Nova Zembla and Spitzbergen. In North America it abounds likewise chiefly
to the north of the polar circle, forming part of the scanty Flora of MelviUe Island ; at a great elevation on the
Rocky Momitains it occurs as low as 52° N. latitude. I t is not a native of the Alps, nor there replaced by any
other species, the lands bordering the Icy sea being its only European habitat. In Asia, as in North America, it
descends to latitude 50° on the Altai range, and the Himalayah produces several representative species. The re-appearance
of a plant, so truly arctic, on the highest moimtains of Cluli, and again at the Strait of Magalhaens, if the
present be the same, is a vei-y curious fact, to be classed with those aUuded to under tbe Breda- incana, vid. p. 233.
On the Andes of Colombia the species is replaced by au aUied but very distinct one, L. tliysanodes*-.
* i . tliysanodes ; caule procumbente ascendente pubescente simpUci v. superne paniculatim diviso, foliis radi-
caUbiis lanceolatis acnminatis margimbus ciliato-tomentosis, caulinis pedicellis calycibusque glanduloso-pubescen-
tibus, floribus soUtariis v. plurimis nutantibus, calyce latissime ovoideo ad medium quinquefido petaUs ^ breviore.
SUene thysanodes, Fenzl. in Endl. Nov. Stirp. Bee. 39. Walpers’ Repert., vol. i. p. 279.
H a b . Chimborazo; Jameson, n. 39.
Statura et habitu i . apetalce affinis, sed forma et longitudine segmentorum calycis valde diversa.
2. SAGINA,
1. Sa g in a iJTOOiwiesi, Limi. Sp. PI. p. 185. BC . Prodr. vol. i. p. 389. S ,nitk, Engl. Bo t. t. 880.
Gaudichaud in Ann. Sc. N a t. vol. v. p. 105. et Toy. Freyc. Bot. p. 137. N U rm lle in Mem. Soc. Lm n .
Paris, vol. iv. p. 617. I lo o l et Arn. in Bot. Misc. vol. iii. p. 147.
H a b . Falklaiicl Islands, abundant near tlie sea; Gaudichaud, I f Urville, and all subsequent collectors.
These specimens are undistinguishable from others of Em-opean gi-owth, by any characters 1 can discover.
I am not aware that tliis plant inhabits any other part of the southern hemisphere except the higher latitudes ot
South America. Dr. Gillies gathered it on the roofs of houses iu Buenos Aju-es, where it may possibly have been
iutroduced, though in the Falkland Islands, I should have at first sight pronounced it. from its great abundance,
certainly A d ; these are its only South American habitats. I sought for it earetidly, but in vain, in Fuegia.
In North America it is much more widely diffused, from Providence to New Orleans on the east coast, but I have
seen no west coast specimens ; those of Douglas (aud hence possibly Scoulei-’s quoted in Torrey and Gray’s Flora,
as coming from the Oregon), belonging to Spergula saginoides; in no other part of North America has the plant been
found, sale in the most highly cultivated districts, and not at aU in the British possessions, and since it is one that
increa’ses and follows cultivation rapidly, I feel inclined to exclude it from the North American flora, especially as
Torrey and Gray mark the other British species, S. iemvAens, EU. {Sperg. saginoides, L .),S . apétala, L., and S. erecta, L.,
as having all been probably introduced. Its Em-opean range is widely different from the American, northward, it is
found in°Iceland and Lapland, North Eussia and Siberia, in the latter countries, however, avoiding the extreme
i-igom- of the Siberian plains and confined to the mountains of the Altai and Baikal. Spain again seems its southern
l iL t in the west of Em-ope, Em-opean Tm-key in the middle, and the Caucasus on the east. Spergula saginoides,
though so very ueai-ly allied in other respects, has a considerably different geograpbicai range, and hence shoifld,
in questions of distribution, be carefully separated from this. In England it is rather a rare and mountain p la n t;
we have well authenticated specflnens from Greenland, Iceland, and Lapland, it also inhabits North Eussia, and
Siberia, (but not beyond the 50th. degi-ee,) Unalashka and the west coast of North America to the southward
of the L c tic circle; thus, like the S. procumbens, this is also a plant of the old world, both Greeidand and North-west
America having more ot the peculiarities of Em-opean and Asiatic botany respectively, than of American. Not
only do Torrey and Gray remark that it is probably introduced in the United States, but their specimeus even appear
to belong to a different species. In the south of Em-ope it is also an Alpine plant, haring been found on the
Pyrenees on the east, and on the Caucasus to the west. Aucher Eloy’s, n. 654. fi-om Persia is probably the same,
but his specimens are vei-y imperfect.
3. COLOBANTHUS, Fenzl.
1. Colobanthus subulatus. Hook fil.; F l. Antarct. part i. p. 13. (T a b . X C III. sub nomine Saginte.)
Var. f t Darwiuii, apicibus foliorum segmentorumque periantlfli muticis.
ILui. Good Success Bay; B a n h and Solander. Hermite Island, Cape Horn, clefts of rocks, 1 2 -1 4 0 0
feet; J .B . I I . ' FaUdaiid Islands, iieai- the sea and a t th e tops of th e liiUs, 7 0 0 -1 0 0 0 feet; B ’Vrville,
J . D. II. Var. 13, south part of Tierra del F u eg o ; C. Barmin, Esq.
In the first part of this volume I alluded to the singidar fact, that all the Campbell Island specimens of
C. subulata have 5 segments to the perianth. 6 stamens. 5 styles, and 5 valves to the capsule, while all those from
Eucria and the Falklands have only 4, aud this constantly and unaccompanied with any other appreciable dif-
fei-eiiccs. I t may fahly be questioned whether the pcntanihous state is not equally entitled to specific rank, as
Spergula saginoides is to be separated from Sagina procumbens.
From the 4 stamens, of tins state of C. subulatus and of all the other species, alternating with the segments ot
s i's i