FLO EA ANTAECTICA.
immigrant from tlie rvesttvarcl. Tlie south of Scotland aud England, South Sweden, the western Pji-enccs, and
Atlantic shores of Spain are its principal European habitats, but it is not found in the vast Hussian dominions, in
any portions of Asia, or ot Sicily, the Eastern Archipelago, or other mediterranean regions. I t inhabits all the
Atlantic. Isles, the Azores and Canaries, and I have gathered it in Madeira, Ascension and St. Helena. In the Tropics
and south temperate zone it extends no fm-ther east than the C.ipe and Mam-itius, but re-appears in New lloUand,
according to De OandoUe, though it is not mentioned by Brown, nor bave I seen it in that country. From the above
enumeration it would seem that this plant has, to a certain extent, heen distributed by the agency of ships, but we
are at a loss to conceive, why a species so readily transplanted to inhabited spots, as tbe Atlantic Islands, slioidd have
not been also introduced upon the much frequented coasts of Asia ; the disincHiiation it manifests to proceed by land
further east than the shores of those countries wliich it has so readily gained, is another fact connected with the geographical
distribution of the present and some other introduced plants, of wliich I am imable to offer an explanation.
Tbe last peeuliai-ity of S. pinnatifida to which I would allude, is the comparatively high nortliei-n latitude
it attains in Em-ope to what it does in America, where its Emit is 32° lower in latitude. This probably arises
from the species being impatient of great cold, at any pai-t of the year, the severity of the American winters
being, even in North Carolina, very considerable. The same agent, cold, may check in some degree the easterly
progress of the plant iu the northeni States of Europe, but certainly not in the soulhern or mediterranean
regions.
7. SISYMBRIUM, Lim i.
1. SiSYMBMCM Sophia, Liim. ; Sp. PI. 922. DC. Sgst. Teg. vol. i. p. 193. Smith, Engl. Bot. t. 963.
A’ar. canescens ; siliqiiis latioribus plerumque brerioribus. S. canescens, anctornm.
H a b . Strait of Magalliaens, Cape N eg ro ; C. Darwin, Esq.
These specimens agree in every particular with othera gathered on the walls ot the city of Nonvich, except in
the sibqua of the latter being rather longer and narrower.
There are two widely distributed, and, especially in the foliage and pubescence, highly variable species of the
genns ; hoth of which seem so remarkably to foUow civilized man, that it becomes extremely difficult to assign the
native’place to either. The true S. Sophia is generaUy considered a European plant only; but it appears to be
truly a native of Canada, according to Torrey and Gray, it also occurs in Mexico, if Galeotti’s (no. 4682) be, as I
suspect, a mere variety, and I am imable to distinguish some of Dr. GiUies’ Chilian specimens from the European.
The variety, described above, is a vei-y common American state ot S. Sophia, having the sUiqiiæ shorter and broader
than the European state, to it I refer Mr. Darain’s plant, and that of Dr. GilUes. I t also inhabits Talparaiso,
Buenos -\yres, and CaUfomia, from whence however, I have seen but one specimen, with immature fi-iiit. S. canescens,
Nutt.,’has StiU shorter pods, generaUy about half as long as the pedicels, and borne upon very long racemes.
It is a ’native of the Andes of Mendoza, of Mexico, California and tlie United States, and of Cape Farewell on the
coast of Patagonia. Though very lUstinct at first sight, it is not so in reaUty. The pods are variable in lengtb, particularly
the pedicels, for, in both Mexican and Snake-countiy ( California) specimens, they are considerably shorter
than the süiquæ. The S. SophioU.es, Fischer, -ivhich runs along the Arctic sea-shorcs of Asia and America, must
I fear sink into a variety of S. Sophia, or probably a state of that species, altered by the rigorous cbmate. The pods
are certainly longer, but that is a variable character. The Cardamine Uenziesii of Dc CandoUe is identical witli
this. The Sisglbrium millefolium. Ait., of Teneriffe is closely albed to the aliove, but is very distmct in its large
flowers and remarkably woody habit : the leaves are divided into veiy minute segments, a character to wliicli I do
not attach any importance ; Mr. Webb has described it in his admirable “ Phytogi-aphia Canaricnsis” under the generic
name of Descurainea, which includes also the present species and some other SisynAria.
I.
2. SisvMBititiM Magellanieim, Hook, fil.; glabemmum, erectum, superne ramosum, foliis ovato-oblongis
acutis pinnatifido-lobatis basi pinnatifidis in petiolum attenuatis, lobis sinuato-dentatis acutis, racemis fioreii-
tibus corymbosis fructiferis elongatis, pedicelUs ebracteatis patentibus, sffiquis suberectis teretibus bueari-
obloiiris in stylum brevem attenuatis brevioribus, valris pilosis, septo uniiiervi. Brassica Magellanica, Juss.
ined. ° Pers. Ench. vol. ii. p. 207. DC. Sgst. Teg. vol. ii. p. 595. Prodr. vol. i. p. 215. Deless. Ic. Select.
vol. ii. t. 85.
H ab . Strait of Magalhaens; Commerson. P o rt Famine; Capt. King. Cape N eg ro ; C. Darwin, Esq.
Caulis in exemplm-ibus nostris bipcdabs, teres, ghinceseens. FolA (eaubna solum mihi nota) 2A une. longa,
U lata, supei-ioi-a ii-regiilariter dentato-lobata. inferiora subpinnatifida, lobis divancatis. Raeemus fructiferus 6-iincj-
alis - pedicclbs i unc. longis. Sepala oblonga, obtusa, dorso pai-ce pilosa, püis patentibus stellatis. 1 etala pedi-
eelbs longiora, 'spathulata, flava. Stmnimm filamenta filiformia. SiUquoe vix i unc. longæ, subcrcctæ v. patentes,
utrinque attenuatæ, stylo brevi vabdo tenninatæ. Sligimta subeapitata. Ealvoe H une. latæ, juniores dorso infei-
nc præeipiie ut sepala püis patentibus stebatis bai-batæ, medio nervo pi-ominulo vix carmatæ. Septum uninerve,
e membranis duabus ad septum solutis constaus, nci-vo vabdo, ai-eobs oblongis hexagoms. Semma oblonga, i-iifa,
sulcata, sidcis pmictatis, funicidis brevioribus, i-adicida obliqua iiicuinbente.
I bave no hesitation in refen-ing this plant to Pei-soon’s Brassica Magellanica, Delessert’s exceUent figiu-e bemg
vei-y ehai-actei-istic, in aU respects, save that the steUated hairs on the pods are not represented. I t is apparently a
bttle known species, 1L-. Darwin's and Capt. King’s specimens being aU I have seen. De Caiidobe describes the
pods as glabrous and tondose, but be eridently has only seen them when young.
V. BIXINEaE, Kunth.
1. AZARA, R u iz et Favori.
1. AZ.IRA lanceolata, Hook, fil.; ramulis pubescentibus, foliis grosse inæquaUter subduplicato-serratis
majoribus lanceolatis acuminatis, minoribus rotmidatis ovatisque, corymbis 3— 5 floris interdum hubpam-
culatis, pedunculis foUo minore æquilongis, pecbceUis gracilibus, floribus polygamis, sepalis ovatis reflexis,
stammibus perplurimis sterilibus paucis, placentis 4.
H a b . Soutli Chili, Cape Très Montes; C. Darwin, Esq.
Erutex seu Arbuscula 12 ad 18 ped. alta. Rami ramulique graciles, pube fusca obtecti. Eolia subcoriacea,
uti-iiiqiie gradatim et iufeme in petiolum brevem attenuata, glaberrima, 2-3-uiicialia, minora f une. longa. Flores
majusculi interdum iii paniculam 1 - 4 «>«- ' “ 'S»“ dispositi, sen corjmibosi, corymbis sobtarns pamculatisve, pe-
dimcubs pedieeffisqiie gracilibus, piibendis, bracteis ad basin petbcellorum parvis. Staminum filamenta i uiic. longa.
calyce ter longiora. Stylus primo visu simplex, sed in ramos 4 breves separabüis. Orala pei-plm-ima, placentis
parietalibus 4 loiigitiidinabbus funiculis brevibus aducxa. Semina plurima, immatiu-a, compressa.
The most Southern species ot the genus, and also found at Valdivia by Mr. Bridges (n. 560); it is closely affied
toanolher undeseribed plant, rt. Ohiloense,* «¿\û, diliering in the much larger flowers aud leaves, more slender
peduncles and longer pedicels. The æstivation of tlio calyx ill this genus is valvate, the scgineiits 5 and of nearly
equal size; tlic stmiieiis geiierally indefinite, with some of the outer ones abortive, but in rt. Celastrina, ivliere
tlicy are fc’w, and none are abortive, tlie outer series is replaced by five small thickened glands. Iu rt. micro-
* A. Chiloeme, n, sp. ; ramidis vcliitiiio-pubescentibiis, fobis ut in rt. lanceolata sed dimkUo mmoribus, pedicellis
lioi-c oequUoiigis, staminibus sterilibus plmimis apice clavatis.
ILiU. Chiloc; Capt. King.