z m g . r f ^ L'.
38 FLORA ANTARCTICA. [Auckland and
J i
cortice tenaci e fibris crassis p a rallelis tom en to d enso albido adp resso v estito , foliis a ltc rn is petiola tis
amplis 8 pollica res ad pedalem lo ngis la te elliptico-ovatis a cu tis v. a cum in a tis c ren a to -d en ta tis valde
coriaceis su p ra (costa b asi excepta) g lab errimis læte v irid ib u s n e rv is re ticu la tis su b tu s tom en to
ap p re sso dense la n a tis, venis p rom in u lis, ju n io rib u s ad apices ram u lo rum convolutis lan a tis basiq u e
dense argenteo-seric eis pilis lo n gioribus, petiolo valido | u n c. longo basi dilata to semiaraplexicauli
tom en to so i u n c . lo n g o .— C æte ra ignota.
I I a b . L o rd A u ck lan d ’s g ro u p ; E w in g Is lan d , a small is le t a t th e m o u th o f Rende zvous H a r b
o u r, D. L y a ll, E sq .
Of this plant Mr. Lyall remarks, “ A short stout trunk rises a few inches above the ground, and then sends
off horizontally patent branches, which radiate as from a common centre for 10 or 12 feet on all sides, a little
above the surface of the earth. The leafy apices then ascend. The leaves are of a dark green colour, -which
they lose in drying.” A piece of the wood which accompanied the specimen is about inch in diameter ;
the bark of a light grey colour, rather thin and soft, deeply grooved on the surface, the grooves corresponding
to sinuous, anastomosing, longitudinal ridges, enclosing elongated, somewhat lozenge-shaped spaces; the wood
is whitish or pale yellow, hard, tough and close-grained, the layers indistinct, and the medullary rays numerous
and very slender ; it resembles the stem of some shrubby species of Ozothamnus. This fine plant is most
remarkable for the size and thick coriaceous texture of the leaves, which are in many respects similar to those
of the genus Brachyglottis, Forst. 1 have seen nothing like it in the collections of Banks and Solander,
Forster or Menzies. It is a rare plant in the islands now under consideration, and will probably be found to be
a native of the southern extremity of New Zealand.
XVI. STYL IDIEÆ, Br.
I . F O R S T E R A , L .
Flores monoici v. dioici. Calyx basi bibracteolatus, limbo 3-6-partito, segmentis erectis. Corolla tubu-
loso-campanulata, tubo brevi v. elongato, limbo 4-9-partito, segmentis inæqualibus, æstivatione imbricatis, 1-2
ext, majoribus, patulis concavis, fauce nuda v. glanduloso-incrassata. Glandule epigyne 2, oppositæ, semi-
lunai-es, staminibus alternæ. Antheræ ad apicem columnæ oppositæ, divaricatæ, reniformes, spurie biloculares,
rima transversali dehiscentes, válvula superiore majore fornicata. Bollen 3-5-angulatum. Stylus intra colum-
nam occlusus. Stigma (v. apex styli) mínimum, 2-lobum (an 4-lobum ?), ramis floribus fertilibus porrectis,
superne villosis v. subplumosis. Ovarium obovatum, carnosum, uniloculare, rarius biloculare, multiovulatum,
ovuüs columnæ centrali funiculis brevibus adnexis, íiscendentibus. Capsula ovalis, unilocularis.—Herbæ parve,
perennes, glabre, coriaceo-carnosoe, antarctice seu montibus allissimis Novoe Zelandiæ provenientes. Folia imbricata.
Flores in suminos ramos sessiles, v. pedúnculos elongatos solitarii v. bini.—Endl,
§ H e l o p h y l l u m , Ho o k . ñ \.; flo rib u s sessilibus solitariis, calycis limbo b -O-partito, lobis cequa-
libus, fo lio r um apicibus nodoso-incrassatis.
1. F o r s t e r A clavigera. Ho o k . fìl. ; densissime e t compacte cæspitosa , caulibus erec tis parce
ramosis, foliis are te im b ric a tis sem ite re tib u s ap icib u s n o dóso-incrassatis, floribus te rm in a lib u s sessilib
u s solitariis. (T a b . X X V I I I .)
H a b . L o rd A u ck lan d ’s g ro u p an d Campbell’s I s la n d ; on th e m o u n ta in s in tu rfy an d boggy
places, very common.
Caules erecti, stricti, parce ramosi, densissime compacti, cæspites firmes fragiles formantes, per totam lon-
gitudinem foliosi, hinc illinc axillis foliorum radices fibrosas emittentes, fibris validis elongatis fuscis horizontaliter
patentibus carnosis simpliciusculis, et deorsum in radices subsimile.s gradatim attenuatæ, 1^-2 pollicares,
una cum foliis diametro ^ pollicis. Folia undique inserta, creberrime imbricata, numerosissima, stricta,
erecto-patentia, linearia, obtusa, glaberrima, basi dilatata subvaginantia, marginibus tenuiter membranacea,
medio subcontracta, dorso teretia, antice anguste plana vel canaliculata, ad apices globoso-incrassata, coriacea,
crassa, dura, viridia, nitida, 2 y -3 liu. longa; adulta inferne turgida, subampullacea, fusco-brunnea, suberosa,
laxius imbricata. Flores ad apices ramulorum omnino sessiles, inter folia occlusi, limbo corollæ solummodo exserto,
verosimiliter monoici, v. potius hermaphroditi. Calycis iuhus brevis, turbinatus, v. floribus masculis obconicus,
ba.si bibracteolatus ; limbus 5-6-partitus, lobis linearilîus obtusis erectis carnosis semiteretibus medio uninerviis,
dorso infra apices pilosis, tubo corollæ æquilongis; bracteolæ oppositæ, segmentis calycinis similllraæ, basi
remotæ. Corolla campanulata, albida ; tubus latus, brevis, teres ; limbus sub-bilabiatus, nempe inæqualiter 5 -9 -
partitus, segmento unico v. duobus cæteris majoribus, rarius 4-partîtus, segmento unico maximo 2-nervi, omnibus
obovatis obtusis concavis jdanis v. ad faucem biglandulosis sinubusque incrassatis. Glandule epigynoe 2, oppositæ,
semilunares, columnæ basin fere cingentes, crassæ et camosæ, virides, antheris alternæ. Columna valida,
erecta, ante anthesin protrusa, recta v. paululum inclinata, teres, superne incrassata. Anthere 2, ad apicem
columnæ sessiles, transversæ, majusculæ, reniformes, v. potius hypocrepiformes, divaricatæ, 1-loculares, connective
carnoso in loculum porrecto costam elevatam formante, hinc spurie biloculares, linea curvata homotropa
horizontaliter dehiscentes, valvis subcarnosis cellulosis purpuréis inæqualibus, superiore majore fornicato sub-
erecto post anthesin revoluto, inferiore horizontaliter porrecto marginibus lateralibus revolutis. Pollen opacum,
3—4 .angulatum, flavo-viride, minutissime granulatnm, angulis globoso-incrassatis, margine hyalino cinctum.
Sty/«« floribus abortivis intra antheras occlusus, parvus, angustus, inconsjiicuus, convexus, v. brevissime bilobus ;
floribus fertilibus bilobus, lobis porrectis divaricatis antheris altérais uncinatis carnosis sursum glanduloso-plu-
mosis. Ovarium flore masculo angulatum, pedicellum breve crassum simulans ; flore fertili late obovatum, v.
turbinatum, teres, carnosum, 1- rarius 2-loculare, oo ovulatum ; ovulis parvis ascendentibus. Capsula immatura
coriaceo-carnosa, 1-locularis. Semina semi-matura 6-8, obovata, ascendentia ; testa membranacea, pallide
brunnea; albumine carnoso. F?néryo non visa.
Though abundant upon the hills of Lord Auckland and Campbell’s Islands, this ¡-)lant has not hitherto been
brought from any part of New Zealand, neither from the mountains of the Northern Island, -whence Mr. Bidwill
and Mr. Colenso have sent home several of the more common Antarctic species, nor in the southern parts of th a t
group, so well explored by Forster and Menzies. In general habit and appearance it bears a greater similarity
to the Phyllachne uliginosa, Forst., than to its New Zealand congener, Forstera sedoides, L., although in the
more essential characters it Is much more nearly allied to the latter, the leaves being entire, the calycine segments
equal and regular, and the epigynous glands much developed. In other respects, and especially in the
mode of growth and form of the leaves, the present plant is so dissimilar from either, th a t 1 have ventured to
place it under a separate sectional name, adopted in allusion to the incrassated apices of the leaves.
There aix several points in the structure of the three plants above alluded to which seem to require some
consideration ; and having the opportunity of examining tbe flowers of all the species, I shall here offer a few
reraaj-ks upon them, premising that, except in the case of F. clavigera, the specimens at my disposal were too
few to allow of the full verification of the observations.
Linnæus first supposed Phyllachne to be monoecious (Suppl. Plant, p. 62), and Swartz (Schrader, Journ.
fur Botanik, vol. i. p. 273, translated in Kcenig’s Annals, vol. i. p. 286) follows Forster (Charact. Gen. t. 58)
in supposing both this and F. sedfolia to be dioecious. If, as I suspect, the only truly fertile flowers of F'. clavigera
are such as bear the uncinate plumose styles, that plant is certainly monoecious. Out of very many
flowers examined, I only found such stigmata in two, both of which had abortive anthers, and they were moreover
furnished with the only capsules in whicli I saw the immature seeds brown, and apparently fertile. Though
there is a marked difference in the development of the apex of the style in the abortive flowers of this plant, it
never, that I have seen, approaches the form it bears in the fertile flowers ; at all other times it is exceedingly
minute and probably variable in the lobes. Of the P. uliginosa I examined six flowers, only one of which