H ab. Amsterdam Island, South Indian Ocean, l im t . Smith, R .N .
Fomid also in CampbeU’s Island.
15. DIDYMODON, Ih dw .
1. D idymodon capillaceus, Web. et Mohr, B o t. Tasch. p. 155. Eooh. et Tayl. Muse. B r it. p. 110.
t. 20. Swartzia capiUacea, Iledw. Muse. Frond, vol. ii. p. 26.
H a b. Hermite Island, Cape H o rn ; on sandy banks near the sea, St. Joachim’s Bay.
2. D idymodon ImiyifoUus. Trichostomum longifolium, B rid . B r . Univ. vol. i. p. 4.96. Trichostomum
pallidiun, ft. strictum, Schwaegr. Supgil. I I . vol. i. p. 77. 1 .123 ?
Var. 2. tenuifolius-, foliis basi magis dilatatis membranaceis, nervo duplo latiore.
Var. 3. penicillatus-, caule fastigiato-ramoso, foliis longioribus erectis siibquadrifariam imbricatis, nervo
crassiore.
Var. 4. eu rvifolins-, foliis subfalcatis secundis, e basi latiore sensim angustatis.
H ab. Staten Land, A . Menzies, Esq. (1787). Hermite Island, Cape Horn, vars. 1 and 4, abuudant.
South part of Fnegia, C. Barwin, Esq, Falkland Islands, var. 2, on the ground, rare in frnit ; var. 3, ou
stones in streams, (barren).
From Trichostmmm pallidum our moss differs essentiaUy in the inflorescence, in the dilated base of the leaf,
stronger nerve, cyUndrical capsule, and also in the stimcture of the peristome. The var. 3 has at times an eUiptical
theca.
3. D idymodon ? yfoeia&s. Hook. fil. et Wils. ; caule ramoso fastigiato-cæspitoso, foliis erecto-patentibus
apice incurvis tragiMbus ovato-lanceolatis hneari-acumiuatis sobdinerviis. (Ta b . C L II. fig. VI.)
H ab. Cockburn Island, lat. 64° s . 57° W. (barren).
Caides 4 Un. longi, ramis erectis. Folia e basi concaviuscula, repente in acumen lineare producta, vel nervo
crasso longe excuiTente, margine haud reflexa, areolis mimmis, subrotundis, inferioribus majoribus peUucidis, e flisco
lurido-viridia.
One of the only three mosses which have hitherto been detected in a higher latitude than that of Cape Horn.
Plate CLII. Fig. VI.—1, tuft of the natural size ; 2, branch ; 8, 4 and 6, leaves ;—aU magnifed.
16. CERATODON, Brid.
I . CARAioixmpurpureus, Brid., B r . Univ. vol. i. p.480. El. Antarct. p t . l . p .l3 1 . Didymodon, llooh.
el Tayl. Muse. Bo t. p. 113. t. 20.
H.i b . Strait of Magalhaens, M. Jacquinot (in D’Urville’s Voyage). Falkland Islands, common ou
clay soil and on th e sand-liills about P o rt Louis. N o t seen on Hermite Island.
A vei-y abundant Antarctic plant in many situations.
17. TORTULA, Iledw.
We retain this name, instead of Barbula, for the foUowing reasons : Schreher is the first autliority for the union of
the two Hedwigian genera Tortala and Barbula in the year 1791 (Gen. Plant.). He adopted the name Tortala which
stands first in Hedwig’s arrangement for both. Tbis fact is overlooked by Bruch and Schimper, who in their history
Falklands, e tc ] F LO EA ANTAECTICA. 409
of this genus (Biyol. Europ.), rely cliiefly on tlie autliority of Bridel in support of Barbula. But Bridel’s authority
is in favour of Tortala, for he adopted it in his earlier work. It was discontinued by him in 1819 {Mantissa) under the
erroneous impression that the name had been legitimately given to a phenogamous genus ; whereas Barbula had
been applied nine years before by Loui'eiro to designate a Chinese shrub. Hence Schrader, Sibthorpe, Su^artz,
Roth, and aU British wiiters on Mosses, retained Tortula, a name which would be at present unoccupied if not
employed in conformity with the views of Hedwig and Schreber.
1. T ortula densifolia, Hook. fil. et Wils.; caule humiR subdiviso, foliis patentibus confertis lanceolato-
acuminatis acutis marginatis apice serratis solidinerviis,tbeca oblonga, peristomii dentibus contortis, membrana
basilari breviuscula, operculo subulato. (Ta b . C L III. fig. I.)
H ab. Ealkland Islands, on clayey rocks near th e sea at P o rt Louis, scarce.
Dioica? Caules 4 - 6 Ibi. longi, laxe cæspitosi, subdivisi. Folia dense conferta, basi erecta, dein patentia^
stricta, lanceolato-subulata, acuta, subcarinata, rigidiuscula, margine cartilaginea vix incrassata, apice dentato-serrata,
nervo vabdo rubello, lutescenti-vbldia, areolis opacis mimmis, basi majoribus subdiapbanis ; perichætiaba minora
erecta. Seta 6-8 Im. longa, tortihs, fusca. Theca oblonga, erecta, fusca. Feristomii dentes basi membrana latiuscula
conjuncti, rubelh. Operculum subulatum, capsulæ longitudine. Calyptra dimidiata, fosca.
The only described species with which this can be compared is Barbula marginata, Bmch and Schimp. (Biyol.
Europ.) ; but that is a smaller moss, having leaves not at all acuminated, and an excm-reut nerve.
P late CLIII. Fig. I.—1, tuft of the natural size ; 2, leaf ; 3, apex of ditto ; 4, thecæ :—magnified.
2. T ortula Hook, et Grev.; caule elongato subramoso, fobis patulo-recurvis lanceolatis subcarinatis
acutis apice serratis soUdinerviis, tbeca cybndracea curvula, peristomii dentibus contortis tubo ad
tertiam partem producto, operculo subulato. T. robusta. Kook, et Grev. in Breiost. Ed. Journ. vol. i. p. 29 9 .
1 . 1 2 . (Ta b . C L III. fig. IL )
Var. /3. foliis laxioribus viridibus.
H ab. Hermite Island, on sandy ground amongst grass a t tb e bead of St. Joacbim’s Bay, forming large
patches. V a r ./S. Ealkland Islands, common in moist sandy places (barren).
Dioica, cæspitosa. Caules sesquiimciales, robusti, ramosiusculi. Folia lanceolata, vix acuminata, patentia, recnrva.
subcarinata, acuta, apice serrata, mai’gine recm'va,flavescentia, nervo tenui satm’atius colorato percursa, siccitate erecta
incrirva, subtortilia, areoUs subrotundis, basi majoribus cUaphanis, perichætiaba simiUa erecta. Seta unciaUs, sinis
trorsum tortihs, rubella. Theca cyUucbacea, suberecta, curvula, rufo-fusca, ore rubello. Annulus persistens, albidus
Peristomii tubus basilails dentium tertiam longitudinis partem æquans, albidus, dentes contorti, pidchi-e rubelli
Opercidum subulatum capsula dimidio longius, flaveseens. Calyptra dimidiata, castanea.
From all the European Syntriclàæ this species is distinguished by the serrated leaves. In size and general
aspect it is uot unlike Barbula Mulleri, Br. and Schimp.
After careful exambiatioii of the original specimens of Tortula robusta and T. serrulata, we have reason to beUeve
that one, if not both, of these mosses is the same species as our Antarctic plants, differing only in the uan-ow leaves ;
but they are in too imperfect a state to determine veiy satisfactorily. The figure of T. robusta represents the leaves
much too widely spreading, and they are also serrulate at the apex, just as in T. serrulata.
P late CLIII. Fig. I.—1, plant of the uatin-al size ; 2, leaf; 3, theca ; 4, apex of theca and peristome :—all
magnified.
3. Tortula Mulleri. Baibula Muileri, Bruch ei Schimp. Bryol. Europ. fasc. 1 3 -1 5 . p. 4 4 . t. 2 8 .
H ab. Falkland Islands, on sand-liihs near the Lagoon at Uranie Bay.