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region are Chaniaecyparis pisifera and formosensis. The conifers are here
wonderfully large, the t runk attaining a diameter of even 10 ft. Intermixed
with Taiwania cryptonierioides and Canninghamia Konishii, these conifers
occupy the greater parts of this region and constitute the most peculiar
feature of the vegetation of Formosa. Vegeta tion of this kind is seen only
in the mountainous districts of Japan, but the growth is not so enormous
as in Formosa. Examples of this Conifer forest are shown in PI. 28 and 29.
Chaniaecy paris formosensis is shown, in PI. 28, in the centre, and Tsiiga formosana
on the rocks on the left Side. In PI. 30 there is shown the habit
of Ciinninghamia Konishii. The t ree is not so large as Chaniaecy paris
Higher up, at an elevation of 8000 ft., there come forest of Tsiiga formosana,
intermixed with Abies Mariesi, Picea Morrisonicola and Pseiido-tsaga
japónica. The forests of this Kind can be seen from the distance by the peculiar
dark color of the foliage. The forest trees of the conifer region are as
follows :
Libocedrus macrolepis Benth. and Hook.
Chamaecyparis formosensis Matsum.
— obtusa Sieb. and Zucc.
Cunninghamia Konishii Hay.
Taiwania cryptomerioides Hay.
Cephalotaxus sp.
Taxus sp.
Pinus Armandi Franch.
Pinus formosana Hay.
Pinus taiwanensis//ay.
Picea Morrisonicola Hay.
Keteleeria Davidiana Beissn.
Tsuga formosana//ay.
Pseudo-tsuga japónica Sarg.
Abies Mariesi var. Kawakamii Hay.
Here, in this region, the under growth is not so luxuriant as it is in
the preceding region. Pieris, various kinds af Rhododendron, Barthea, and
many others are commonly met with in the under growth. Here, ferns are
very plentiful, as is shown in PI. 31. Plagiogyria glauca var. philippinensis
is very numerous, with many other species such as Acrophorus stipellatas
Microlepia, Monachsorum, Asplénium laciniatum. Asplénium resectum and
many others. Some ferns such as Davallia parvipiiinula. Asplénium Trichomanes
Niphobolus fissus, N. linearifolius, Polypodium, lineare, P. cucullatum, and P.
irioides are found on the t runk of trees.
Fur ther on, at an elevation of 10,000 ft., the conifer forests gradually
give way to a shrubbery formation o iJuniperus formosana siná Morrisonicola,
and with Berberís, Prinsepia, Ilex, and Salix. Herbaceous plants commonly
met with in this region are as fol lows :
Clematis lasiandra var. Nagasawai and other kinds of Clematis.
Cucubalus baccifer L.
Geranium uniflorum Hay.
Mitella japónica Mig.
Circaea alpina L.
Ainsliaea sp.
Pieris hieracioides L.
Disporum sp.
juncus effusus L.
Peperomia sp.
Patona pilosa Gaiidich.
Smilacina japónica Asa Gray.
Tricyrtis sp.
c ) The vegeta tion of the grass region. — From an elevation of
12,000 ft. upwards, comes the grass region. Many gramineous plants mixed
with Carices and other flowers are to be found. Plate 32 shows a feature of
the summit vegetation. Here may be seen Caulteria bornensis with enormous
quantities of fruits, mixed with A’/mV/am aquilinum var. lanug in o sum.leh
plants which generally constitute the summit vegetation are as follows;
Arabis alpina L.
— taraxacifolia T. Anders.
Ceraslium morrisonense.
— pilosum Ledeb.
Stellaria stellato-pilosa Hay.
Rubus elegans Hay.
Fragaria vesca L.
Potentilla gélida C. A. Mey.
— leuconota D. Don.
Sibbaldia procumbeus L.
Rosa sp.
Nertea nigricarpa Hay.
Oreomyrrhis involucrata Hay.
Scabiosa lacerifolia Hay.
Erigeron Morrisonicola Hay.
Deschampsia caespitosa Pal. Beauv.
— flexuosa Trln.
Trlsetum subspicatum P. Beauv.
Brachypodium sylvaticum Pal. Beauv.
Leontopodium microphyllum Hay.
Anaphalis sp.
Gnaphalium lineare Sch. Blp.
Artemisia oligocarpa Hay.
Gaultheria bornensis Stapf.
Pyrola rotundifolia L.
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