absent in the eastern: Celebes and Timor being the most easterly
isles producing monkeys, and these only Macacos and Oynocephali.
Hence, the anthropoid apes, highest of the series, are met with only
where Telingan, Malay, and Negrillo races dwell: neither those, nor
even the lower monkey-forms, being encountered amid the homes of
Papouas, Harfoorians,—far less of Australians. Now, what is essentially
noteworthy, if depressions of temperature may explain why the
natural limit of the monkey-range does not extend itself outside of
our black line of circumvallation elsewhere, such explanation has no
force here. Its cause is inherent in some other law of nature.
HUMAN HEADS IN MONKEY CHART.
(Figs. A, B, C, D, E, F.)
Having sketched, in the preceding pages, the relative positions of 54 “ species” of the
simiadoe, out of some 216 known, amid the zone appointed for them by Nature; I pass
onward in the endeavor to indicate to the reader, through six human heads, the sort of types
co-resident with monkeys within the same geographical area. These six heads, however,
can merely serve as mnemonics ; because, had space permitted, and did we possess the portraits
of numberless races with which we are acquainted solely through descriptions, it
would not have been a difficult matter to draw, on the same spot occupied by each quadrumane,
a bimane illustrative of singular correspondences ; and then the eye could have perceived
that the colorations of the human skin, within this self-same zone', are almost as
varied, and as diverse from each other, as the forms and colors of the monkey tribes are
now therein seen to be different. This experiment may, in the future, be tried by others.
In the meanwhile, the letters placed beneath serve to indicate the habitat of each of these
six individuals, whose likenesses are very roughly traced.
REFERENCES AND EXPLANATIONS.
A. — AMERICAN. “ Purû-Pu/rû” nation.
[Spix and Martius, Beise in BrazUien :—colored by De Castelnau, Amérique du Sud, Ë Pl. XIX.
Cfhiotay, fameux cbef de Cherentes qui a long temps désolé la province de Goyaz. * * * H était
anthropophage.”]
To convince oneself of the untold varieties of these South American races,__
see D e C a s t e l n a u {passim) ■ A u g t. S t. H i l a i r e (Rio de Janeiro, I, pp. 424-7 ;
n , pp. 49-57, 137-231); D’O r b ig n y ( Voy., Atlas); D e b e e t ( Voy. Pittor. au
Brésil, fol., Paris, 1834, II, and plates) ;— especially R c q e n d a s {Voy. Pittor. au
Brésil, transi. Golberry, Paris, fol., 1833, II, “ portraits et costumes,” pp. 2-34) ;
and D a kw in , W ils o n , and F i t z r o y (Surveying Voyages of H. M. S. “ Adventure”
and “ Beagle” — London, 8vo, 1829 — II, pp. 129-82; appendix, pp. 135-49;
III, pp. 519-33).
B. —WEST AFRICAN. “ Nègre de la côte d’ Or”—in Brasil.
[Choeis, pp. cit., liv. 7me, PI. TI : — colored by descriptions in Rüsendar,
See Chapter V, supra, pp. 545-6.
C.—EAST AFRICAN. “ Mozambique/' negro, in Brazil.
CDëbret, op. Cit., II, PL, 37 — “ différentes nations nègres,” fig. 8: — colored from his descriptions
(pp. 114-15); as compared with some o f De Froberville’s casts, and with Choris’s accounts Hw
1™, pi. I ll , &c.] ,
Salt ( Voyage to Abyssinia, London, 4to, 1814, pp. 33-41) spoke about the
Monj.ou negroes on that coast as “ of the ugliest description, having high cheekbones,
thick lips, small knots of woolly hair like peppercorns on their heads,
and skins of a deep, shining black:» and again, that the Makooa, Makooana,
who are negroes, and not Kaffirs (an Arabic term, only meaning “ infidel»), whilst
possessing excessive deformity, and ferocity of visage and characters, did not
possess any name for “ God» except wherimb, meaning the “ sky,»- any more
than did the Monjous themselves, among whom “ molungo” signified both God
and sky. Compare Types of Mankind, pp. 609—10.
D. — SOUTH AFRICAN. “ Hottentot Venus.”
[From a photograph by M. Rousseau— Galerie Anthropologique, Paris—of her colored full-size cast
in th a t Museum.]
Compare her portraits in Cu v ie r ’s fol. Mammifères; and my remarks suvra
pp. 628-9. ' ‘ f <
E. — MALAY AN. ‘ ‘ Serebis Dyak. ”
[Maeryaii, Borneo and the Indian Archipelago, Loudon 8vo, 1848, PI. 79 ¡—tinted “ coppencolored ”
op. cit., pp. 5, 78,]
My brother William, long stationed at Saràwak {supra, p. 635), tells me that
it is an excellent sample.
F. — “ BISAYA sauvage, ou des montagnes.”
[Mallat, Philippines, Atlas.6®0]
Compare the observations of Chamisso (in V on K otzebue’s Voy. “ Rnrick,”
n , pp. 351-98) ; and of Lesson and Carnot (in Du p er r ey , Voy. “ Coquille,”
Paris, 8 y o ., 1826; “ Zoologie,” I, pp. 8-106)1 ‘
620 The homines caudaii haye been already treated upon {supra, Chap. V, pp. 4-58-9 notes
183-4). Mallat {Les Philippines, p. 129) neither believes in them, nor in the reported
unions between human and anthropoid genera; on which Blumenbaoh {De Generis Humani
varietate, p. 16) indignantly wrote “ Hybrida humana negàntur,” while Vir e y {Hist. Naturelle
du Genre Humain, 1824, III, p. 491, &c. &c.) denies that such experiment has been fairly
tried.
Had not an account of the “ Orang-XbSn,” and of the “ Orang-Gugur,” been read before
the American Geographical and Statistical Society of New York, and received the Society’s
“ imprimatur in pamphlet form {Report “ on the East Indian Archipelago; and a descrip-
tion of the Wild Races of men,” New York, 1854), I should have as little dared to refer to
Capt. Walter M. Gibson’si most enchanting adventures (The Prison of Welteverden; and a
glance at the East Indian Archipelago, New York, 1855, pp. 120-3, 180-2), as to have cited,
on African questions, my friend Mr. Brantz Mayer’s entertaining “ Capta in Canot.” As
i t is, the responsibility of publication, in the former case, reposes entirely upon la critique
of the honorable historians, divines, lawyers, doctors, and merchant-princes, who in council
assembled to hear the Captain’s eloquent address, on the 24th March, 1855, at the New
York University. As I receive it, so I pass it on : with the mere remark that, the authentic
descriptions science possesses of real men—the Orang-benua, to wit—in Malayana, have,
quite sufficiently for my anthropoid analogies, brought down humanity, in that Archipelago,
to a grade not many removes from the rubescent Orang-utans; so that, should Mr. P. T.
Bamum ever be so lucky as to import for his Museum a live specimen of the genus “ Orang”
(Malayicb man), like that one figured by Capt. Gibson in wood-cut on page 180, I shall
thankfully accept,—just as I should be equally glad to see one of M. d’ABBADiE’s “ Dokkos ”
(P rich a ru , Nat. Hist., p. 306) — such a wonderful “ confirmation” (not to mention also
sundry dwarf “ Aztec children”) par dessus le marché.