foregoing facial proportions are in all likelihood the subject of considerable changes
as the hones expand and elongate with advancing dentition. The auditory bullse
are large, as in F. pard/us, while in F. chinensis they are not so inflated.
The black leopard is also found in the Kakhyen hills and in the valleys to the
eastward, and I obtained two skins at Momien or Teng-yue-chow.
* F e l is bengalensis , Desmarest.
Felis bengalensis, Desmarest, Mamm. Suppl. 1820, p. 541; Fischer, Syn. Mamm. 1829, p. 205 (in
p a rt); Blyth, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, p. 184 (in p a rt); Cat. Mamm. As. Soc. Mas. Beng. 1863,
p. 60; Jerdon, Mamm. Ind. -1867, p. 105 (in p art).
Felis sumairana, Horsfd., Zool. Resch. Java, 1824, (plate); Cat. Mamm. E. Ind. Co. Mus. 1851,
p. 48 ; Gray, Cat. Mamm. B. M. 1848, p. 48.
Felis mvnuia, Temminck, Monogr. Mamm. vol. i. 1827, p. 280; Wagner, Schreber, Säugeth.
Suppl. vol. ii. 1841, p. 509; Gray, Cat. Carniv. &c. Brit. Mus. 1869, p. 26.
Felis nipalenm, Horsfd. and Vigors, Zool. Journ. vol. iv. 1829, p. 282; Hodgson, Joum. As. Soc.
vol. i. 1882, p. 842; Wagner, Schreber, Säugeth. Suppl. vol. ii. 1841, p. 511; Schinz, Syn.
Mamm. vol. i. 1844, p. 449; Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1867, p. 272; Cat. Camiv. etc. B. M.
1869, p. 27.
Felis ? Elliot, Madras Joom. Lit. and Sc. July 1889, p. 108.
Felis horsfieldii, Gray, Ann. and Mag. N at. Hist. vol. x. 1842, p. 260 ; Horsfd. Cat. Mamm. E. Ind.
Co. Mus. 1851, p. 47.
Felis pardichroa, Hodgson, Cai. Joum. Nat. Hist. vol. iv. 1844, p. 286; Horsfd. Proc. Zool. Soc.
1856, p. 396; Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1867, p. 278, fig. 7 ; Cat. Camiv. etc. B. M. 1869,
p. 28.
/ . Felis undata, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. d’Hist. Nat. vol. vi. 1816, p, 115; Mamm. 1820, p. 280
(nec Chat Sauvage des Indes, Vosmaer); Fischer, var. Sumairana, Syn. Mamm. 1829, p. 205.
This species is not uncommon in the Kakhyen hills and also at Momien, but
specimens from the latter locality have longer fur, probably due to the colder region
which they inhabit. The animals, however, from both areas agree with the type of
F. pardichroa, Hodgson.
I t is essentially arboreal in its habits, and its prey, the natives assert, consists
chiefly of birds and small m am m a ls, such as squirrels and Tupaia.
I t is a variable species, and even although some of Hodgson’s type specimens
appear at first sight remarkably distinct, still with a large series under examination,
strongly marked varieties will be seen to be linked together by intermediate forms. In
the Tnriia Museum, London, one of Hodgson’s types is a rich yellow, rather densely
spotted cat, the spots tending to form rosettes, the small black spots being clustered
round yellowish-brown areas which are darker than the pale yellow ground colour
which surrounds these rosettes. Of the four black bands on the head, the two outer
bands expand on the shoulder and then divide into two, enclosing a brown area like
the rosettes, and then pass more or less round the neck. This specimen is from
Nepal, and the body measures 19*50 inches in length and the tail 10*75 inches.
Another and more typical specimen also from Nepal is distinguished by the less
profuse spotting of the trunk and in the spots being large and black and not tending
to form rosettes. The dorsal spots do not unite in lines, but they have a linear
arrangement. Major-General Strachey obtained in Kumaon a cat of this species
which has even larger spots than this second Nepal specimen, from which it differs
in the paler tint of the ground colour. In its large spots it closely resembles the
so-called Wagati of Southern India, and some of the Yunnan skins belong to this
and tp the previous form. The F. horsfieldii, Gray, is another cat resembling the
Kumaon specimen, as is also the Felis sumatra/no,, Horsfd., which is, however,
immature.
The Javan cat first indicated by George Cuvier1 appears to be more nearly
allied to this species than to F. vwerrma, Bennett, with which the F. bengalemis,
Horsfield,* is identical.
* F e l is domestictjs, Auct.
The domestic oat of Western Yunnan is not at all prevalent, and those. I
observed were small and of a uniform grey colour, dark-spotted, and with the
cheeks obscurely lineated. They resemble the form described by Dr. Gray as Felis
chinensis.
1 Ann du Mus. vol. xiv. 1809, p. 169; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. vol. vi. 1816, p 115
* I. c., p. 49. r